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POLACY I BŁOGOSŁAWIONY KARD. ALOJZIJE STEPINAC W OPUBLIKOWANYCH DOKUMENTACH 1940-1944

Author(s): Henryk Jagodziński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2015

In this article, the author presented the documents concerning relations between blessed Card. Alozije Stepinac and polish people during the second war world. This documents were published by Mgrs Juraj Batelja in book Blazeni Alojzije Stepinac - svideok Evandelja ljubavi. Zivotopis, dokumenti i svjedocanstva - prije, za vrjeme i nakon Drugoga svjestskoga rata, t. I—III, Zagreb 2010. (Blessed Alojzije Stepinac - witnesse of Gospel of love. Curriculum vitae, documents and testimony - before, during and after the Second war world, v. I-III. Zagreb 2010.

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Jozef Sedlák - A photographer of lively faith

Author(s): Jozef Sedlák / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

The interview focuses on opinions of the photographer, lecturer, and Assistant Professor Jozef Sedlák. Last year, on the occasion of his 60th birthday, the photographer organized a recapitulatory author exhibition. The interview discusses the photographer’s creative concepts, his approach to photography as a medium, and it also comprises the function of photography in society. One of the topics he deals with from a long-term perspective is social documentary. However, the photographer deals in parallel with staged figurative photography, later on with the conceptual pictures. Each of his documentary photographs captures an event that articulates anonymous personae connected by momentary chance and situations. The author presents his authorial philosophy and stances to work with the medium of analogue photography. The practical experience and theoretical philosophy of Jozef Sedlák reflect his opinion and ideas regarding theoretical questions, such as the sense of family tradition, allusive warnings on evaluation and societal ladder, the need for lively humanistic tradition, decoding of developing and current tendencies in art, questioning the autonomy of photography, relationship patterns of artists and theoreticians, the necessity of critical thinking development among students and the continuity of an artist’s and creator’s life. The given interview declares the author ́s strong concept of creativity and provides an evaluating perspective of an influential figure in Slovak photography. The interview focuses on the author’s less presented productions. The same as with his other outputs, they have a certain mysterious depth and timelessness. This part of his production may reveal the personality of Jozef Sedlák, as a photographer in a broader context. It will be definitely interesting to have a look together with the author beneath the surface of the medium of photography, but especially, I dare to say, beneath the surface and thus into the depth of the author ́s intentions as a photographer, educationalist and last but not least a truly faithful person.

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In the Reality of the Cross

Author(s): Marta Nagy / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

Viewed from outside, a human life – our lives – resemble a horizontal line stretching from the moment of birth to the grave. The actual reality of our lives, however, unfolds in a vertical plan of height and depth, or more precisely, on both plans simultaneously. That is, to say:“in the reality of the cross”

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Diritto alla pace, giustizia e „guerra giusta”

Author(s): Gaetano Dammacco / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

Today, a third world war is taking place in pieces (Pope Francis) against the expectations born after the fall of the bipolar system. Conflicts today are fourth-generation wars, in which the subjects and the geopolitical scenario have changed. Wars pose the problem of the relationship between peace and justice. The right to peace (as a human right and as a constitutional value) is not yet recognised: this right would make all wars illegitimate. The right to peace requires the elimination of injustices generated by wars justified by deviant reasons and words. There are words, such as “peace” and “justice”, which cannot have a relativistic meaning because they express a higher value; they express the “just”. The legitimation of war (ius ad bellum) and the rules of conduct (ius in bello) affect various sectors (theological, philosophical, historical, juridical). Christianity was a turning point on the theme of the “just war”. The Enlightenment began the reflection on the value of peace in parallel with the common mentality, for which war is independent of any moral evaluation and only serves to achieve other political objectives (Clausewitz). This conception produced dramatic disasters in the twentieth century, generating two world wars and other violent armed conflicts. The theme of just war after World War II has engaged thinkers and theologians. In the secular world, the positions of Norberto Bobbio (supporter of legal pacifism) and Michael Walzer (just war as a defence out of necessity) are of particular interest. These ideas are representative and important but limited because they do not consider religious values. Religious values are important for building peace, according to the Gospel. The reflection on just war in Christianity was initiated by St Augustine and was continued by St Thomas Aquinas. But the current wars demand the development of reflection on the basis of the papal magisterium as well (John XXIII, Paul VI, John Paul II, Benedict XVI, and Francis), from which some conflicting indications arise: war is always unjust, or war of defence is just if it is used to defend man, his rights, and the common good. Religions have the task of building peace through dialogue.

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Biblia dla kobiet. Spór o duchowość kobiety

Author(s): Jarosław Łapucha / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2020

For a long time in the Polish Church, a growing popularity of spirituality related to gender has been observed. New ministrative, retreatal or even editorial suggestions emerge that are intended only for either women or men. Nevertheless, when taking into consideration women’s spirituality, it must be noted that there is currently no single, binding model. In public debates, there have been disputes concerning the role and proper place for women in the Church and in the world. The aforementioned polemics also regard the paradigm of woman’s spirituality. An example of this is the discussion centred on the Polish version of The Bible for Women, published in 2020. Ongoing disputes revealed the diverse attitudes of women themselves towards the matter of understanding femininity as such, as well as women’s spirituality. The aim of this research is to portray the feud over the spirituality of the modern woman based on the dispute over The Bible for Women. This problem is discussed against the background of the phenomenon of editions of Holy Scripture intended for women to depict the differences in defining the women’s spirituality through two separate models. Thereafter, the Polish version of The Bible for Women is analysed with regard to additional content that was included in this publication. The essential part of this research is devoted to outlining and analysing the dispute over the abovementioned publication. At the same time, the author aims to portray the way women’s spirituality is currently defined, along with showing the way in which it is understood and appraised.

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Struktura terenowej administracji wyznaniowej PRL na przykładzie Wydziału do Spraw Wyznań w Zielonej Górze w latach 1950–1972

Author(s): Dariusz Mazurkiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2020

The post-war internal policy of the communist authorities of the Polish People’s Republic was aimed at taking over all aspects of social life. Therefore, this policy could not ignore the interest in the community dimension of human religiosity, as it was seen as a threat to building a new order based on a materialistic vision of a man. There was no room in such an approach for harmonious cooperation between the state authorities and the Catholic Church. Even the need to rebuild the country after the war, especially in the so-called “Recovered Territories”, and to create the state administration from scratch and organise social life did not induce the authorities to seek a mutual understanding. On the contrary, the process of the systematic removal of the Church from public life was initiated. A specialised governmental body for Church matters was created to achieve this goal. At the central level, it was the Office for Religious Affairs, while in provinces, local units were established to interfere with the activities of particular churches. One of them was the Department for Religious Affairs in Zielona Góra, which covered all matters concerning religious associations, especially Church administration in the capital, Gorzów Wielkopolski. The Department tried to shape the religious policy by influencing the filling of Church positions and issuing orders aimed at obtaining supervision over the seminaries and parish catechesis. Decisions were also made regarding the disposal of sacred and Church buildings, and, in matters related to the financial activities of the Church, opinions were given by the financial departments of the state administration before making the decision. The Faculty’s policy was not independent. The action plan towards the Gorzów Church was developed by the Department for Religious Affairs in Zielona Góra in conjunction with the Administrative Department of the Provincial Committee of the Polish United Workers’ Party and the 4th Department of the Provincial Citizens Militia Headquarters. Finally, it consulted with the Administrative Department of the Central Committee, as this was the committee that pursued the long-term goals of the denominational policy defined by successive conventions of the Polish United Workers’ Party. Detailed instructions for the Faculty of Zielona Góra also came from the Office for Religious Affairs in Warsaw, which participated in the preparation of individual legal acts concerning the Catholic Church and supervised the religious policy conducted in local departments. All these activities were to serve the planned atheisation of society.

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Stanowisko Kościoła katolickiego wobec szczepionek przeciw Covid-19

Author(s): Marcin Szczodry / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2020

Research on the development of new vaccines, their production, distribution, and the vaccination process itself have raised some moral issues. The COVID-19 pandemic has provoked a debate on ethical issues concerning vaccination among various communities (medical, bioethical, ecclesiastical, and political). The aim of this article is to review official documents of the Catholic Church that present its position on COVID-19 vaccines. In light of the analyses of the documents issued by both the Holy See and selected Episcopal Conferences, it is apparent that the topic has received much attention during the ongoing pandemic. The documents of the Church issued prior to the pandemic address the topic of vaccines mainly within the context of moral questions associated with the use of biological material of illicit origin (i.e. abortion) in the production process. The documents that followed thoroughly examine the issue of vaccines from an ethical perspective and deal with a number of various questions (e.g. personal responsibility related to getting vaccinated or refusing to get vaccinated; international cooperation on financing research and distribution of vaccines; the accessibility of the vaccines to the poorest and developing countries; making profits on the sales of vaccines; ensuring clear and transparent criteria to determine vaccine eligibility). This allows for a clear point of reference for believers when making a decision on receiving the vaccine. Those responsible for making political, logistic, or organisational decisions related to vaccination programs at different levels are provided with clear criteria to help them evaluate their decisions from a moral perspective.

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Obraz społecznych ruchów kobiet na łamach prasy dla katoliczek w Polsce międzywojennej

Author(s): Ewa Maj / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11/2021

The purpose of the article was to show some aspects of women’s social movements and related press for Catholic women in the interwar Poland. Back then the religious press was an important part of publishing. Some of the papers were published directly for women. These periodicals were supporting national and religious values, were propagating the need to defend Poland and the Catholic faith against the immorality and cosmopolitism. The social movements of Polish Catholic women were strong, integrated and influenced among their members. They were showing the ideal of women in the country – both Polish-Catholic and the “Polish-Mother” – who is considered a secular apostole.

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Pravoslavni „rastanci” u Mulihovu Zrcalu pravednom (1742.)

Author(s): Goranka Šutalo / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 20/2020

Zrcalo pravedno (Zagreb, 1742) is a small catechism dealing with a controversial issue in which the Jesuit Juraj Mulih focused on the Orthodox Slavs (mainly Orthodox Grenzers who were predominantly Serbs) who arrived in the Habsburg Monarchy after the Great Migration (1690), led by Patriarch Arsenius III. Crnojević. Mulih calls the Monarchy’s Orthodox rastanci (the Separated) but does not attach any negative attributes to the term. Therefore, it is closer to more neutral terms like grčkog zakona ljudi (people of Greek law) or simply hrišćani (Christians), which Mulih used already in the title of Zrcalo. However, as early as in the first doctrine, in which he writes about the Great Schism, Mulih uses the pejorative term schismatic Vlachs when talking about Orthodox believers. Despite occasional harsh criticism, Mulih was predominantly friendly towards the newly arrived Orthodox Christians, although he wrote extremely negatively about the Orthodox Greeks. The paper uses an imagological analytical method to define more clearly the confessional (Orthodox) otherness and, on the basis of this analysis, discover how religious (Catholic) identity formed in this context.

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Cosmological and Cultural-Anthropological Turns in the Christian Philosophical Theology: Educational Implications in the Post-secular Contexts

Author(s): Maria Kultaieva,Nataliia Radionova,Lesya Panchenko / Language(s): English Issue: 26/2021

The article proposes the analysis of the changes in self-understanding of the Christian theology, which is regarded as a hybrid philosophical discipline in the post-secular cultural and social contexts with references to cosmology. This transformation is caused by the cosmological and cultural-anthropological turns in the Christian theoretical theology and its practices, which were enriched with the actual cosmological and philosophical knowledge about human and non-human nature. The new perspectives of philosophical theology are showed with its cultural and educational implications. The psycho-therapeutical potential of philosophical theology is explicated.

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Învățătura ortodoxă despre minte la Sf. Grigorie de Nazianz

Author(s): Valentin Marian Cocan / Language(s): Greek, Ancient (to 1453),Romanian Issue: 10-12/2020

In the lines below are, in translation, three Greek texts with an important dogmatic contribution. The translation is accompanied by an introductory study. The study aims to examine, to specify the foundations of the heresy of Apollinaris of Laodicea (ca. 310-392) and to fill this gap in the study of his doctrine. The whole Apollinarian system is based on the Greek notion of ἐνανθρώπησις, misinterpreted in the Greek way of thinking. For common thought, and therefore for Apollinaris, two perfect beings cannot be united, that is, the perfect God cannot form a single reality with a complete man. St. Gregory the Theologian will oppose to this heresy the soteriological argument, stated thus: "τὸ γὰρ ἀπρόσληπτον, ἀθεράπευτον" ("for that which is not assumed is not healed"). At the same time, this study examines the exchanges between the new Christian culture - freshly born - and the dominant philosophical thinking.

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Assen Ignatov: The Theomachist and the God-Seeker

Author(s): Nina Dimitrova / Language(s): English Issue: 20/2020

This article aims to trace the evolution of Assen Ignatov’s attitude towards religion and to outline the main features of this change – from an intellectual whose worldview was initially Marxist to being a dissident philosopher known also for his respect for Christianity. The first part of the study is devoted to the early professional stages of Assen Ignatov’s life (as a lecturer at Sofia University), when he attacked the “Bourgeois” philosophy for its affinity to religion. Gradually, these initial attitudes were seriously shaken, partly because he was one of the very few erudite thinkers in Bulgaria during the “socialist” period who witnessed the dogmatism and narrow interests of the Party philosophers. In addition, his escape to Western Europe was a radical break with the past, specifically with regard to religion. Assen Ignatov interpreted communism as a pseudo-religion from the viewpoint of Christian personalism and existentialism. The author concludes that the radical change of Ignatov’s attitude towards religion shows the measure of his general change of worldview.

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RESTAURACIJA KATOLIČKE CRKVE U LICI I KRBAVI NAKON OSLOBOĐENJA OD TURAKA GODINE 1689.

Author(s): Mile Bogović / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/1993

Die Lika und Corbavia waren in die Gewalt der Türken 1527 geraten und sind bis 1689 unterdriickt geblieben. Nach mangelhaften Daten aus dieser Zeit können wir Folge-rung ziehen, daß dieses Gebiet nicht ohne die Katholiker geblieben war, aber die Konti-nuität der kirchlichen Organisation ist doch unterbrochen worden. Zur Zeit der turkischen Regierung siedelten sich nicht nur die Tiirken sondern auch die Serben an. Nach der Be-freiung von den Tiirken plante der Wienerhof vor, dort ein selbstständiges Bistum zu stif-ten, weil im Mitellalter das Zenter des Bistums gerade in der Corbavia gewesen war. Später hat er diese Absicht abgegeben, und das befreite Gebiet an die Diözesen von Senj und Modruš angeschloßen. Der Bischof von Senj un Modruš Sebastijan Glavinić, als der nächste Bischof, hatte noch 1691 das befreite Gebiet in Verwaltung bekommen. Glavinić bemiihte sich die Missionäre dort zu senden. Unter dem heimischen Kler ragte Marko Mesić als Pastor hervor. Mit seiner Hilfe und Mitarbeit fing man an neue Pfarren zu stiften und neue Kirchen zu bauen. Sie wurden sehr oft auf den Griinden oder in der Nähe der mittelalterlichen kroatischen Kirchen gebaut. Die ersten Pfarren wurden in Perušić, Lički Novi, Budak und Pazarište gestiftet, und kurz danach in Bilaj (Ribnik), Lovinac, Podlapac, Udbina und Smiljan. Durch Verdienste von Marko Mesić um das Wohl dieses Gebietes wurde hier der Archidiakonat von der Lika und Corbavia formiert, und Mesić wurde zu seinem ersten Archidiakon. Als ein Missionsgebiet gehörten die Lika und Corbavia zur Kongregation „de Propaganda fide". Sie bemiihte sich tüchtige Missionäre dort zu senden und sie zu erhalten. Auf dem Feld der Sendbotschaft ragten die Kapuziner von Rijeka hervor: Marin und Isidor. Der erste stammte aus Senj und der zweite aus Brinje. Pater Marin hat besondere Verdienste um die Stiftung des Kapuzinerklosters in Karlobag, das fiir die Missionen der Lika und Corbavia gestiftet worden ist.

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SVETI JURAJ I SENJ

Author(s): Mile Bogović / Language(s): Croatian,German Issue: 1/1992

Der Autor dieses Artikels sucht nach der Lösung des Problems des Wappens von der Stadt Senj. Die bisherigen Autoren, die die Senjer Vergangenheit bearbeitet haben, supponieren die Bestehung eines älteren Klosters des hl. Georg, das zuerst den Templern, und nach der Abfahrt derselben den Benediktinern gehorte. Bei diesem Kloster lag wahrscheinlich die Kirche des hl. Georg, nach der die Stadt Senj ihren Patron, und Sv. Juraj, der Ort siidlich von Senj, seinen Namen bekommen hat. Der Autor des Artikels setzt die Bestehung zweier Kirchen des hl. Georg voraus. Die eine lag auf der Stelle des heutigen Nehaj s; in dieser Kirche wurde der Patron von der Stadt Senj geehrt. Sie hatte schon vor den Templern existiert, die sie 1183/84 wie eine ausgebaute Kirche bekommen haben. Unabhängig von dieser Kirche existierte die Klosterkirche der Abtei des hi. Georg im Ort der heute den Namen dieses Heiligen trägt. Der Autor hat alle Daten gesammelt, die die paralelle Bestehung der Templer und der Benediktiner in der Nähe von Senj beweisen. Ihr Kloster wurde von der Mitte des 14. Jahrhunderts sehr oft "Abtei des hi. Georg de Lisac" genannt. Die Kirche des Patrons von der Stadt Senj auf dem Berg wurde wahrscheinlich in den dreißigen Jahren des 16. Jahrhunderts zerstort, und auf ihrer Stelle wurde die Festung Nehaj gebaut. Als Entschädigung für diese zerstörte Kirche erbauten die Senjer ihrem Patron eine andere Kirche, die sich neben der Domkirche befindet. Aus der Inschrift an dieser Kirche geht voraus, daß sie nach derjenigen vor der Festung Nehaj entstanden sei; und nach dem Relief der an ihr gestanden war, trägt sie die Zeichen des Senjer Patrons. Diese Zeichen haben ihre Stelle an der Spitze des Altars der erneuten Domkirche im 18. Jahrhundert gefunden. Dieser Altar wurde im zweiten Weltkrieg zerstört, und in der Nachkriegsrestauration entfernt, und darum blieb Senj nicht nur ohne die Kirche, sondern auch ohne die deutliche Kennzeichnung, daß der hi. Georg sein Patron ware. Es besteht doch ein Relief des hi. Georg am äußeren Teil des Chors in der Kirche der hi. Maria von Art, und in der Kirche des hi. Kreuzes in Senjska Draga befindet sich die Statue des gleichnamigen Heiligen. Das ist aber nicht nur örtliche, sondern auch bildende Peripherie, deswegen ist es notwendig iiber eine stärkere Bindung der Senjer Heutigkeit mit der Senjer Vergangenheit nachzudenken, und der Ritter der hi. Georg driickt den Geist der Senjer Vergangenheit am besten aus.

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Comments and remarks on the XV Muslim International Forum

Author(s): Marek Moroń / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

Muslim International Forum (MIF) is an entity where the founding and supporting partners are inter alia Religious Board of Muslims of the Russian Federation, International Union of Muslim Scholars, Presidency of Religious Affairs of Turkish Republic, Al Mustafa International University (Qom, Iran), The Institute of Asian and African Studies of Lomonosow Moscow State University, Moscow Islamic Institute, Faculty of Asian, and African Studies of Sankt Petersburg State University (MIF 2019a). The XV Forum was also organised with support of German Muslim organisations (Islamische Federation in Berlin, Zentralrat der Muslime, and Islamrat fur die Bundesrepublik Deutschland). One of the essential goals of MIF is the consolidation of moderate and constructive forces of the Muslim world. Islam of the 21st century stands against unprecedented challenges facing humanity such as numerous military and political conflicts, terrorism and extremism, cultural decline, insufficient scientific development, global health hazards, starvation, but also faces the hijacking of its name by quasi ideology of terrorism, extremism of criminal roots; taking the name of Islam on their banners.

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Polskie akcenty w Albanii w okresie Odrodzenia Narodowego (Rilindja Kombëtare)

Author(s): Leonard Zissi / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

Albania, która przez 500 lat znajdowała się pod panowaniem Turków osmańskich, niepodległość uzyskała dopiero w roku 1912. Przełom XIX i XX wieku to szczytowy okres dla ruchu niepodległościowego na rzecz wyzwolenia Albanii (alb. Rilindja Kombëtare). W czasie Rilindja (1836–1912) nastąpił bogaty rozwój literatury albańskiej, zaczęto wydawać prasę, pod koniec XIX wieku otwarto pierwszą szkołę w języku albańskim, a poza granicami Albanii powstawały stowarzyszenia kulturalno-oświatowe. To twórcze ożywienie podporządkowane było fundamentalnej wówczas idei narodowowyzwoleńczej.

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Motywy roślinne w architekturze sakralnej gminy Kiełczygłów i okolic (województwo łódzkie) – wybrane obiekty

Author(s): Alicja Zemanek,Aleksandra Jędrzejska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 27/2020

Interdisciplinary studies on the role of plants in culture are rare, that is why a rich plant ornamentation of the churches in Poland is little known. This article presents the first documentation of the plant ornaments in nine Roman Catholic churches of Kiełczygłów Community and surroundings in Łódź Voivodeship, which were built from the 16th into the 20th centuries. The first stage of work was to take 385 photographs, then to organize a basis with 505 records, one record containing one plant ornament. As a result of botanical analysis 39 taxa were determined, including 17 species, 18 genera, and 4 families. Some of the plant motifs could not be identified because of strong stylization. The most frequent taxa were the old useful plants popular in sacral art, originating in southern or south-eastern regions of Europe and in West Asia: bear’s-breech (Acanthus sp1.), rose (Rosa sp.), Madonna lily (Lilium candidum L.), and grape-vine (Vitis vinifera L.). Some ornaments present the plants occurring in wild in Poland or as field and meadow weeds, e.g. bellflower (Campanula sp.) or poppy (Papaver sp.). The greatest number of ornaments was identified in the neo-Gothic St. Casimir Church in Osjaków. Captivating in their colors and diversity of shapes, the plant ornaments serve not only decorative functions, but symbolic ones as well. This article hopes to contribute, at least to a small extent, to the reflection on the presence of plants in our culture and to raise the awareness of how important it is to protect local species that perish irretrievably due to anthropogenic activity.

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Organizacja i funkcjonowanie duszpasterstwa wyznania prawosławnego w Wojsku Polskim na Zachodzie w latach 1941-1943

Author(s): Joanna Gabriela Pyczel / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2021

In 1940, the British side granted formal consent for the establishment of the Polish Armed Forces on its territory. At the operational level, they were to be subordinated to the command of the British Army. Among the Polish troops stationed in the British Isles at the time were soldiers of the Orthodox faith. They represented an ethnic mosaic. The followers of the Orthodox Church serving in the army and navy included Poles, Belarusians, Ukrainians, Ruthenians and Russians. In the beginning providing Orthodox soldiers with permanent pastoral care posed a problem mainly due to the lack of a chaplain of that denomination. This continued until the beginning of 1941. At that time, the head of the Orthodox military ministry was established for the branches of the Polish Army in Great Britain. The intention of the text was to present the process of creating a pastoral ministry, the activities undertaken by the clergy and the difficulties that they had to overcome in their service.

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Zarys problematyki obcojęzycznych odpowiedników wyrazów hasłowych Słownika polskiej terminologii prawosławnej

Author(s): Grzegorz Makal,Włodzimierz Misijuk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2021

The article presents the general principles of assigning to the entry words of the Dictionary of Polish Orthodox Terminology their Greek, Church Slavonic and English equivalents, points to problems resulting from differences in the scope of terminology in particular categories of headwords and their foreign-language equivalents, analyzes the problems and presents the methods of solving them, established in the course of work on the Dictionary, by using foreign-language equivalents of headwords’ synonyms. The article points to various sources and the lack of sources of some foreign-language equivalents to Orthodox terms presented in a Dictionary of Polish Orthodox Terminology.

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Perwersyjny wymiar świętości, czyli o jurodiwych i nie tylko...

Author(s): Izabela Lis-Wielgosz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2019

In the article, the phenomenon of yurodstvo has been recalled, which is a characteristic and perhaps the brightest realization of the Eastern Christian ideal of sanctity as a clear projection of its irrational or even specifically perverse potential. The examples which are quoted in the considerations and selected from a rich literary corpus (Old Russian, Old Bulgarian and Old Serbian), are colourful manifestations of sanctity in Eastern Christian terms, which can be defined only in a specific religious or socio-cultural context. For that reason, it was considered that this specially designed sanctity should be interpreted in the key of negative theology which is typical of the Eastern (Orthodox) Christianity. Also known as apophatic, this theology assumes the impossibility of a positive knowledge of God, which entails a specific helplessness of reason towards the phenomenon that exceeds all applicable established standards. In the discussed case, the reflection intentionally goes beyond the limits of exemplification of the sainted yurodstvo, since it also covers other types of sanctity, recognized and perpetuated in the Eastern Christian (including Church Slavonic) tradition, and shows the proximity of all projections of the so-called parenetic sanctity along with the relationship between the yurodstvo itself and eremitism and Monasticism. In this wide exemplification range, it seems justified that the incarnated sanctity of the yurodivy, a hermit or a monk, revealing itself in the socio-cultural reality in an unusual, incomprehensible or even perverse way, is an emanation of the numinous mystery which escapes the rational orders. This emanation should be, therefore, regarded as a phenomenon going beyond the boundaries of intellectual cognition, socio-cultural sphere, or a fixed standard.

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