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Jaroslav Vrchlický. Hołd pamięci w prasie polskiej (1912–1913)

Author(s): Krzysztof Stępnik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2023

Jaroslav Vrchlický passed away on 9th September 1912. The news of the outstanding Czech poet’s death brought about a strong response from the Polish press, which not only followed the course of funeral ceremonies, but also commented on the literary achievements of the deceased poet and emphasized his connections with Polish culture. The following article focuses on press studies, and its author takes particular interest in the hermeneutics of philological and political content contained in various texts commemorating Vrchlický. The aim of the article is to describe the content of Polish daily newspapers and periodicals related to the subject of the poet’s death, especially in the context of contemporaneous Polish-Czech relations. Part I analyses and interprets information, obituaries and posthumous memories in the press titles published in Warsaw, Cracow, Lviv and Poznań. Part II describes the course of the celebrations held in tribute to Vrchlický that took place on 8th February 1913 in the main lecture hall of the Jagiellonian University. The content of the speeches delivered by prominent Polish and Czech philologists was reported in detail by the Cracow press. The author of the article demonstrated that political intentions were concealed in the speeches, as a consequence of the war in the Balkans.

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„Auflehnung gegen das Schicksal und nicht mehr zu Ändernde“. Das Prosawerk von Leo Perutz im literaturhistorischen Kontext

Author(s): Dana Pfeiferová / Language(s): German Issue: 2/2022

Can Leo Perutz’s novels, either in terms of motifs or structure, be regarded as Prague German literature, even though they were written first in Vienna and later in Tel Aviv? His most successful novels Der Meister des Jüngsten Tages (1923) and St. Petri Schnee (1933) arguably include, similar to Gustav Meyrink’s early works, occult motifs, and apply, as Franz Kafka does in Das Schloss, the structure of an inverted initiation novel. Nachts unter der steinernen Brücke (1953) takes place at the time of Emperor Rudolf II, the favourite Habsburg of the German authors of Prague (see Tycho Brahes Weg zu Gott by Max Brod or Der Engel des westlichen Fensters by Gustav Meyrink). In contrast to the adventure novels of the inter-war period, which may perhaps seem trivial, Perutz’s last book is characterized by its refined composition and a return to cabbalistic mysticism.

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Funkce cestopisných prvků v kronice Johanna Marignoly

Author(s): Vojtěch Bažant / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2023

Medievalists frequently approach Johannes Marignola’s Chronicle of Bohemia (Cronica Boemorum) from two distinct angles, as a travelogue and as a historiographical work, and tend to separate these two aspects.This study focuses on an analysis of the functions of the travelogue elements in the chronicle as a whole. Marignola associates the historical narrative of the first and second ages of the world with reflections on his own journey to the East. However, the stylized narrator is in evidence throughout the chronicle, both as a historian and as a witness. With the aid of Old Testament and Gospel quotations, Marignola witnesses the reality of an earthly paradise in the East and the miracle at the court of Charles IV, connecting the narrative of Czech and of world history.

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Otázka poetismů v jazyce dnešní lyriky prizmatem Korpusu současné poezie

Author(s): Karel Piorecký,Michal Škrabal / Language(s): Czech Issue: 6/2022

The aim of our study is to review the meaning of the term “poeticism” and consider its vitality within contemporary poetry. It identifies specific features of contemporary Czech poetic language that distinguish it from the commonly spoken and written language. For this purpose, we utilise data collected in the Corpus of Contemporary Czech Poetry, using a keyword-extraction tool. We argue that poeticisms in contemporary poetry can be identified based on their frequency as keywords which significantly exceeds the frequency of the same words in common language. Our study concludes by drawing a distinction between two types of poeticisms: functional ones are defined by their frequency, while essential ones are used exclusively in poetic language.

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Několik poznámek k eschatologii v Rozmlouvání člověka se Smrtí

Author(s): Bára Činčurová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2023

The article aims to shed more light on how the late medieval Czech dialogue Rozmlouvání člověka se Smrtí engages with eschatology. Firstly, it focuses on death; mainly that despite the dreadful descriptions of dying the poem maintains that death is a righteous, necessary pathway to an adequate afterlife. Attention is also paid to Trost’s remark that the personified Death embodies both, the first and the second death. Next, the paper focuses on the soul and the body in the dialogue, i. e. their painful separation and their reunion at the end of times. Lastly, the study touches upon afterlife, expanding Trost’s claim about death to concepts of personal and universal eschatology. While striving to capture the overlap of particular and final judgment or hell and second death, it stresses the importance of Death’s rejection of purgatory.

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„Ej, duby, duby, zelené duby“. K mnemopoetice a symbolice (moravské) lidové písně

Author(s): Ondřej Skovajsa / Language(s): Czech Issue: 42/2023

The paper introduces the concept of mnemopoetics, i.e., how songs are composed to be remembered, how they are shaped by oral memory as only the songs worth remembering were preserved by the community. After a brief discussion of ‘memory of the body’ (cf. Saussy 2016), the author introduces the formal mnemopoetic features (role of incipit, genre, rhythm, dialogue, incremental repetition, strophic arrangement, etc.). In the second part, he focuses on the semantic mnemopoetic role of incipit parallelism, which announces what will happen next in the song-story (cf. Andersen 1985; Marčok 1980; Bartmiński 2016). He then analyzes the first part of Jan Poláček’s song-collection from Moravian Slovakia (Slovácké pěsničky, 1936) and distinguishes nine main groups of songs with the incipit parallelism variously announcing: 1. erotic desire, 2. courtship, 3. longing for marriage, 4. an obstacle in the way of love, 5. a sinister omen leading to a bad outcome, 6. disappointment, 7. parting, 8. death; and 9. joyousness. For example, the image of ‘running water’ in the first verse suggests an unhappy development in the love affair portrayed by the song. The study further verifies the validity of six most prominent identified announcements on the broader material of František Sušil’s (1860) classical collection of Moravian folksongs. As suggested by fieldwork introduced in the study, traditional singers from Moravia and western Slovakia are typically aware of the ‘second’ meaning in songs, and this awareness of song symbolism helps singers — and readers — not only to remember songs better, but to do them justice when interpreting them. More broadly, the study represents a contribution to the methodological analysis of symbolism in traditional song lyrics.

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Číst, pochopit, interpretovat. Literární prozaický text ve výuce cizího jazyka a ve výuce literatury

Author(s): Andrea Králíková,Jana Marková / Language(s): Czech Issue: 42/2023

In this study, based on observations of our own pedagogical work, we consider different didactic approaches to the same literary text (the short story ‘From Prague to Brno’ by Jiří Kratochvil) in the teaching of Czech as a foreign language and in the teaching of literature, including analysis of literary texts. The starting point is a comparison of the learning objectives in both of these contexts, followed by a presentation of specific tasks and lines of inquiry vis-à-vis the text, their justification, and analysis of student reactions. In conclusion, we emphasize those aspects that should be considered in the teaching of literary and prose texts, not only by foreign language teachers but also (in our view) teachers of literature and literary interpretation.

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Porozumění mašíblu

Author(s): Felix Borecký / Language(s): Czech Issue: 67/2023

The article deals with the phenomenon of “mašíbl” from the theory of interpretation point of view. After the presentation of the main features of mašíbl in the first part of the study, attention is paid, in the second part, to the specific hermeneutics which Vladimír Borecký outlines in his general methodological reflections on the theory of culture and symbolic imagination. This theory, as we aim to point out, may provide an instructive clue to consider theoretical issues concerning the understanding of mašíbl. We come to the conclusion that mašíbl is a distinctive type of text that cannot be subordinated to any established kind of hermeneutics, but it needs its proper theory of interpretation. We outline its principal features and call it the “hermeneutics of inappropriateness.”

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Lovci a sběratelé. Čeští cestovatelé a praxe reprezentování lovu afrických zvířat v pozdním 19. století perspektivou animal studies

Author(s): Josef Řičář / Language(s): Czech Issue: 01/2023

The study deals with the issue of the representation of animal hunting in Czech travelogues concerning Sub Saharan Africa in the last decades of the 19th century. The topic is examined in the context of the "conquest" and colonization of African nature and its symbolic and material appropriation by Europeans. The emphasis is laid particularly on the hunting of animals for inclusion in 'exotic' natural history collections. Thorough attention is paid to Emil Holub's travelogues, the scope of which is incomparable to other similar texts. Holub was keenly aware of the significance of animal hunting, and the subject of African nature was crucial to him. Nevertheless, this topic has remained rather on the sidelines of scholarly interest. Using the concepts of interdisciplinary animal studies, this study explores the meanings that hunting African animals had in the context of contemporary discourses, primarily those of collecting, but also those of biology and especially evolutionary biology. Attention is also paid to the specific position of Czech travelers within colonial power relations. Through hunting, collecting and commodification of animals, they too were involved in the European colonial conquest of Africa.

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VOJTĚCH KESSLER, JOSEF ŠRÁMEK (edd.) – Tváře války: Velká válka 1914–1918 očima českých účastníků

Author(s): Martin Jemelka / Language(s): Czech Issue: 02/2021

Review of: VOJTĚCH KESSLER, JOSEF ŠRÁMEK (edd.) – Tváře války: Velká válka 1914–1918 očima českých účastníků, Praha 2020, Historický ústav AV ČR, 564 s., ISBN 978-80-7286-354-9.

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Literární antisemitismus a konstrukce image židovského národa v meziválečných románech širšího Ostravska Imagologická česko-německá studie

Author(s): Lukáš Pěchula / Language(s): Czech Issue: 02/2019

This analysis examines the construction of Jewish heteroimages and the impact of antisemitism on their construction in novels written between the two World Wars in the broader Moravian-Silesian region. It is a comparative study that explores Jewish ethnotypes employed in selected works by German and Czech authors of the period. The primary aim of the study is to discern images, to decode their structure, to analyze their functions in the text, and to examine the impact of antisemitism. The geographic focus is on the broader Moravian-Silesian region, which attracted Jewish immigration, and especially Ostrava, a multicultural city where people of Polish, Czech, German and Jewish nationalities lived side by side. It is precisely these specifics of the researched region, together with the interwar time focus of the work, that form an attractive basis for research.

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LENKA ŘEZNÍKOVÁ, Ad majorem evidentiam. Literární reprezentace zřejmého v textech J. A. Komenského

Author(s): Radmila Prchal Pavlíčková / Language(s): Czech Issue: 02/2019

Review of: LENKA ŘEZNÍKOVÁ, Ad majorem evidentiam. Literární reprezentace zřejmého v textech J. A. Komenského, Praha 2018, Filosofia (Studie a prameny k deˇjinám myšlení v českých zemích 18), 258 s., ISBN 978-80-7007-556-2.

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JAKUB ŠLOUF, Spřízněni měnou. Genealogie plzeňské revolty 1. června 1953

Author(s): Jaromír Mrňka / Language(s): Czech Issue: 02/2017

Review of; JAKUB ŠLOUF, Spřízněni měnou. Genealogie plzeňské revolty 1. června 1953, Praha 2016, Filozofická fakulta Univerzity Karlovy, 382 s., ISBN 978-80-7308-585-8.

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JITKA LUDVOVÁ a kol., Fidlovačka aneb Cokoli chcete, Praha 2014, Institut umění – Divadelní ústav

Author(s): Lenka Řezníková / Language(s): Czech Issue: 01/2016

Review of: JITKA LUDVOVÁ a kol., Fidlovačka aneb Cokoli chcete, Praha 2014, Institut umění – Divadelní ústav, 312 s. ISBN 978-80-7008-330-7

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JIŘÍ HANUŠ a kol., „Služebníci neužiteční“. Kněžská identita v českých zemích ve 20. století

Author(s): Vojtěch Tomášek / Language(s): Czech Issue: 01/2016

Review of: JIŘÍ HANUŠ a kol., „Služebníci neužiteční“. Kněžská identita v českých zemích ve 20. století, Brno 2015, Centrum pro studium demokracie a kultury, 300 s., ISBN 978-80-7325-378-3

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Textové praxe Jana Jiřího Haranta z Polžic a Bezdružic mezi rodinnou pamětí, kulturním překladem a exulantskou každodenností

Author(s): Radmila Prchal Pavlíčková / Language(s): Czech Issue: 01/2020

The study analyses textual practices of Jan Jiří Harant of Polžice and Bezdružice (1580–1649?). This knight and exile engaged in several textual and artistic activities. Between 1624–1648 he wrote his memoirs in Czech. In the 1630s, he translated into German the travel account of his older brother, Kryštof Harant, which described his journey to the Holy Land. For this book translation he also prepared his brother’s biography and numerous illustrations. In exile, he then wrote a number of genealogies and drew a genealogy for his son’s book of military memories. This study contextualizes all textual and artistic activities of Jan Jiří Harant which have been so far researched separately and have not received complex interdisciplinary attention. Here, they are analysed in the context of contemporary practices of textual production and reproduction, book culture and the processes of reading and writing. Building on this well documented example, the author shows specific ways in which an aristocratic family in exile used texts and images in order to substitute for other ways of commemoration. Aside from entertainment, these practices also helped preserve and cultivate family memory, served its self-presentation, and facilitated its integration in a foreign environment.

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Людмила Ф. Фомина: Космонимия в Бивлии руской Франциска Скорины

Author(s): Liudmila Fomina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2023

The article discusses the nominations of the Great Bear constellation, the Pleiades asterism, the planet Venus and the collective name Zodiac in the Russian Bible by the outstanding pioneer printer and translator of the 16th century – Francysk Skaryna. The purpose of the article is a historical and linguistic analysis of the astronomical nominations presented in the biblical books of Francysk Skaryna, in particular, the study of the sources of their appearance, the correlation of Church Slavonic and popular names (Czech, Russian, Belarusian). It is noted that cosmonyms make up two groups: the first – Church Slavicisms, continuing the Cyril-Methodian tradition in this lexical sphere; the second – the popular names, partly due to the influence of the Czech Bible of 1506 and widely known in the territory of Slavia. The name of the Zodiac is also marked by Czech-Latin influence. Comparison with the Ostrog Bible, which appeared in the 16th century and later as a model of the normalized Church Slavonic language, demonstrated that the language of Skaryna᾽s Bible largely deviates from its norms and is subject to the Belarusian linguistic influence. The author comes to the conclusion that the lexical and grammatical features of the Church Slavonic language of the Belarusian version are reflected in the cosmonymy of Francysk Skaryna᾽s Russian Bible.

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Prag als Zeitkapsel oder als moderne Stadt? Emanuel Frynta und Marthe Robert wandeln auf Kafkas Spuren

Author(s): Veronika Tuckerová / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2023

The article examines the constructed “old Prague” (Alt‑ Prag), in which scholarly and popular literature placed Franz Kafka. This reductive construct emerged during the rapid modernization and industrialization of the city at the turn of the 20th century. Kafka’s contemporary Paul Eisner developed a “triple ghetto” concept that overlapped with that of “old Prague.” Emanuel Frynta’s collage of texts and photos from the late 1940s and the 1950s situated Kafka in the “old Prague” and established a catalogue of Kafka’s Prague places. The “old Prague” concept however contrasted with the quickly growing and modernizing city. A modernist in his writing, Kafka fully took part in the new life of the city, its cafes, and cinemas. The link between Kafka and “old Prague” became entrenched by the 1960s and sanctioned by the Czechoslovak Communist state in foreign‑ language books for export. Starting in the second half of the 1950s, Western tourists came to Prague to search for Kafka, and viewed the author’s city through the constructed image of a by‑ gone Prague.

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Kanibalka Marie. Zkáza Jeruzaléma a zavržení Židů v staročeské literatuře doby lucemburské

Author(s): Daniel Soukup / Language(s): Czech Issue: 5/2023

Flavius Josephus’s Bellum Judaicum account of the conquest of Jerusalem by Romans and the famine in 70 CE depicts a scene in which the Jewish matron Mary devours her own child. The story, in which this “terrible meal” plays an important symbolic role, also entered the vernacular texts of the Czech Middle Ages through Latin literature. In the eyes of Christian exegetes, who drew detailed information about Titus’s invasion and massacre of the Jews from Flavius Josephus, the sacking of Jerusalem was a punishment for Jewish unwillingness to accept Christ. By analysing Old Czech hagiographic and homiletic texts, I will show how the “fall of Jerusalem” formed the theological concept of the condemnation of the Jews and anti-Jewish rhetoric.

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Wielogłos. Polskie, czeskie i słowackie teksty o Zagładzie

Author(s): Kinga Piotrowiak-Junkiert / Language(s): Polish Issue: 24/2023

Review of: Wielogłos. Polskie, czeskie i słowackie teksty o Zagładzie Handbook of Polish, Czech, and Slovak Holocaust Fiction. Eds. Elisa-Maria Hiemer, Jiří Holý, Agata Firlej, Hana Nichtbur-gerová. Berlin: De Gruyter. 2021, 514 s.

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