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BUSINESS INCUBATORS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC: WELL SPENT MONEY?

Author(s): Michal Andera,Martin Lukeš / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The aim of this study is to analyze business incubators in the Czech Republic using publicly available data. Business incubators are used worldwide to support creation and development of entrepreneurial ventures. In the Czech Republic, there have been many incubators founded in the last decade, visibly due to inflow of EU funding. Surprisingly, there is no public register of incubators. This study offers the first overview of business incubators in the Czech Republic. Due to instable terminology concerning business incubators, we took the support of new entrepreneurial activity as a defining characteristic of a business incubator and created a list of organizations that offers this kind of services. Result of our study is a list of 51 institutions offering support to new companies or teams with ideas. This support takes various forms ranging from office rental to funding. The highest number of venues are in Prague and majority have been financed from EU funds. There are 21 publicly owned venues, 23 privately owned and 7 privately and publicly co-owned organizations. Almost eighty percent of incubators offer office space rental. Results show that business incubators in the Czech Republic differ and we need to start monitoring their performance in order to understand their added value, not just for incubated companies, but also for the economy as a whole. It is surprising, that in relation to huge funding by public money, there has been no effort made to systematically analyze incubators in the Czech Republic.

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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AS A TOOL FOR DIAGNOSTICS OF PERSONNEL COMPETENCES

Author(s): Andrey Andrunik,Galina Ostapenko,Sergey Kosykyn / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Traditionally, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of human resources of enterprises are formalized in the form of structures, which reflect the ratios of these characteristics for different groups of employees. However, changes in the set and the nature of the competencies are currently one of the key aspects of change in the qualification structure of the personnel, especially when it comes to the development of innovative industrial personnel. The structuring of personnel characteristics allows developing a model of key competencies required for excellent innovative performance. In this paper, we consider the applicability of diagnostic indicators of personnel competencies in self-developing, self-organizing systems in order to solve the problems of candidates` optimal selection for a specific senior position in the innovative industrial companies. Software with the built-in procedure that combines the competence model, active examination, cluster analysis and logit modelling, specially created by the authors, allows to realize in practice the idea of creating artificial intelligence, applied to the problem of optimal candidates` selection from a finite set of alternatives. Traditionally, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of human resources of enterprises are formalized in the form of structures, which reflect the ratios of these characteristics for different groups of employees. However, changes in the set and the nature of the competencies are currently one of the key aspects of change in the qualification structure of the personnel, especially when it comes to the development of innovative industrial personnel. The structuring of personnel characteristics allows developing a model of key competencies required for excellent innovative performance. In this paper, we consider the applicability of diagnostic indicators of personnel competencies in self-developing, self-organizing systems in order to solve the problems of candidates` optimal selection for a specific senior position in the innovative industrial companies. Software with the built-in procedure that combines the competence model, active examination, cluster analysis and logit modelling, specially created by the authors, allows to realize in practice the idea of creating artificial intelligence, applied to the problem of optimal candidates` selection from a finite set of alternatives.

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ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF A NON-HOMOGENEOUS CUSTOMER OF AN INTERNATIONAL COMPANY IN LINE WITH THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Author(s): Stefan Bader,Milan Fekete,Jaroslav Huľvej / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The increasing globalization of markets, permanently shortened innovation cycles and increasing competition pressure provoke companies to offer their products to an aspiring markets. Most companies use successfully the classic project management in order to conduct the orders within the company internally. But, what will happen if the classic applications related to project structure plan, milestone plan, etc. are influenced by parameters which cannot be foreseen? Which variables disturb this well-established instrument of the project management? The aim of this study is to ascertain specifically what kind of roles and behaviors the project manager needs to handle in order to successfully cope with two difficult cultures, namely an industrial company located in Germany and the United Arabic Emirates. The increasing globalization of markets, permanently shortened innovation cycles and increasing competition pressure provoke companies to offer their products to an aspiring markets. Most companies use successfully the classic project management in order to conduct the orders within the company internally. But, what will happen if the classic applications related to project structure plan, milestone plan, etc. are influenced by parameters which cannot be foreseen? Which variables disturb this well-established instrument of the project management? The aim of this study is to ascertain specifically what kind of roles and behaviors the project manager needs to handle in order to successfully cope with two difficult cultures, namely an industrial company located in Germany and the United Arabic Emirates.

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SOCIAL BUSINESS: PUBLIC AND NON-PUBLIC PROVIDER OF SOCIAL SERVICES

Author(s): Oľga Bočáková,Darina Kubíčková / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Nowadays, we meet with the correlating welfare state which is replaced by a private sector. This is reflected also in the field of social services. The private sector is increasingly expanding at the expense of the welfare state, the social services are becoming the subject of social entrepreneurship. The sample used in our paper is selected by a quota selection in terms of age, education and residence in particular regions. It is about 1250 respondents who have citizenship of the Slovak republic. In terms of used methods, we applied a questionnaire method, as well as analysis and comparison of results. The conclusions and results stemming from the paper will be directed to find out whether the citizens trust more the public or non-public providers of social services, whether the amount of income correlates with a view to the privatization of social services facilities, even if in case of need, they would choose public or non-public provider of social services for themselves or for their close relatives, where they see the strengths and weaknesses of public and non-public providers of social services. The importance for a practice is in a recommendation of what public providers of social services should do in order to be able to compete with the non-public providers of social services. Nowadays, we meet with the correlating welfare state which is replaced by a private sector. This is reflected also in the field of social services. The private sector is increasingly expanding at the expense of the welfare state, the social services are becoming the subject of social entrepreneurship. The sample used in our paper is selected by a quota selection in terms of age, education and residence in particular regions. It is about 1250 respondents who have citizenship of the Slovak republic. In terms of used methods, we applied a questionnaire method, as well as analysis and comparison of results. The conclusions and results stemming from the paper will be directed to find out whether the citizens trust more the public or non-public providers of social services, whether the amount of income correlates with a view to the privatization of social services facilities, even if in case of need, they would choose public or non-public provider of social services for themselves or for their close relatives, where they see the strengths and weaknesses of public and non-public providers of social services. The importance for a practice is in a recommendation of what public providers of social services should do in order to be able to compete with the non-public providers of social services.

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THE USE OF ELECTRONIC TOOLS IN PUBLIC PROCUREMENT AS A FACTOR SPURRING DEMAND FOR INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS IN THE ECONOMY, ACCORDING TO CONTRACTORS

Author(s): Arkadiusz Borowiec / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

By generating a number of economic and non-economic benefits, electronic procurement can act as an important tool for creating demand for innovation by the public sector, and thus raise the innovativeness of the entire national economy. The purpose of this article is to gather information on the state of knowledge of the representatives of companies taking part in tenders regarding various electronic tools in the public procurement system, and to evaluate the image of public entities responsible for their implementation, and to gather opinions on the possibility of implementing such solutions in the process of spurring demand for innovation. The results come from a questionnaire conducted among 176 companies in various industries that participated in the public procurement system as contractors. The survey was conducted electronically. The time range of the study covered the first half of 2015 and concerned the contractors located in Poland. In the opinion of the surveyed companies the use of electronic tools in the Polish public procurement system is conducive to spurring demand for innovation. Contractors see broad prospects in connection with the computerization of the public procurement system in Poland. However, they are dependent on the actions of authorities. By generating a number of economic and non-economic benefits, electronic procurement can act as an important tool for creating demand for innovation by the public sector, and thus raise the innovativeness of the entire national economy. The purpose of this article is to gather information on the state of knowledge of the representatives of companies taking part in tenders regarding various electronic tools in the public procurement system, and to evaluate the image of public entities responsible for their implementation, and to gather opinions on the possibility of implementing such solutions in the process of spurring demand for innovation. The results come from a questionnaire conducted among 176 companies in various industries that participated in the public procurement system as contractors. The survey was conducted electronically. The time range of the study covered the first half of 2015 and concerned the contractors located in Poland. In the opinion of the surveyed companies the use of electronic tools in the Polish public procurement system is conducive to spurring demand for innovation. Contractors see broad prospects in connection with the computerization of the public procurement system in Poland. However, they are dependent on the actions of authorities.

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EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT, MARKET ORIENTATION AND SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES PERFORMANCE – SELECTED PRELIMINARY RESULTS

Author(s): Krzysztof Brzostek,Anna Michna / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The article presents preliminary results of empirical research on the relationship between knowledge management, market orientation and the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SME). The literature analysis allowed designing a research tool /survey questionnaire/ for two groups – the SME owners/managers and SME employees. Both market orientation and knowledge management focus on the knowledge, both conceptions are considered to be determinants of the present-day enterprises increase. Both conceptions are considered to be required for effective performance of enterprises (Brzostek, Michna, 2014).The literature does not indicate unambiguously as regards the direction of the relationship between knowledge management and market orientation. Effective knowledge management creates conditions for processing, interpreting and using the knowledge on market trends. Integration of knowledge management and market orientation may be the key element of competence and improvement of competitive company position (Wang, Hult, Ahmed, 2009).The research will allow elaborating the practical guidance for owners/managers of SME, and thus increasing the effective performance and the possibility of development. The article presents preliminary results of empirical research on the relationship between knowledge management, market orientation and the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SME). The literature analysis allowed designing a research tool /survey questionnaire/ for two groups – the SME owners/managers and SME employees. Both market orientation and knowledge management focus on the knowledge, both conceptions are considered to be determinants of the present-day enterprises increase. Both conceptions are considered to be required for effective performance of enterprises (Brzostek, Michna, 2014). The literature does not indicate unambiguously as regards the direction of the relationship between knowledge management and market orientation. Effective knowledge management creates conditions for processing, interpreting and using the knowledge on market trends. Integration of knowledge management and market orientation may be the key element of competence and improvement of competitive company position (Wang, Hult, Ahmed, 2009). The research will allow elaborating the practical guidance for owners/managers of SME, and thus increasing the effective performance and the possibility of development.

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THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY MONITORING TOOLS IN THE STRATEGIC PLANNING OF THE INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

Author(s): Elena Bykova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In the context of high uncertainty of the possible directions of the development of political events is necessary to meet the new challenges of strategic planning at the industrial enterprises. In particular, the definition of how much strongly the rules of interaction with business partners can change in the nearest period of time and is the company ready for such changes. Solving the problem of evaluating the adequacy of existing policies expected changes is possible with the development of new assessment tools. The main focus is on the principle of forming the base of the prototype machine-building enterprises, including the full value chain and collaboration with stakeholders at all levels of the socio-economic hierarchy. We suggest using Atlas institutional development of industrial enterprise for this purpose. After the formation of the analysis tool the researcher will have an opportunity to assess the institutional capacity of business strategies and predict the "problem" institutions for tactical intervention.

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THE SELECTED MEASURES OF INNOVATION

Author(s): Jozef Chajdiak,Mária Glatz Ďurechová,Branislav Mišota / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The introduction of new production and sales methods, use of the new materials and changes in the organization of the market position, are closely connected to looking for the new approaches how to measure performance of innovation. Measurements of innovation referred in this document as the coefficients, are universal. They can be used not only at the macro and micro level, but also at different stages of innovation activities. The essence of the measurements is the pro rata indicator, which compares the volume of sales (production) of the innovative activities carried out in the overall volume of all sales carried out of the individual subject (production). The total volume of sales has a universal character. A particular problem constitutes a determination of innovative sales and even the importance of a variety of innovative sales innovation. Innovation coefficient has a universal use, it can be used on the macro and micro level.

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EU FUNDING PROGRAMMES FOR RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

Author(s): Lorenzo Costantino / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Europe 2020, the medium term strategy of the European Union, hinges on research and innovation as the pivots for growth and competitiveness. The European Commission defines policies and develops regulation that converge towards the EU2020 ambitious priorities of smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. In addition, the EU provides funding for projects that support the achievement of EU2020 objectives. Funding is available at national level through the European Structural and Investment Funds and at European level through the centralized EU funding programs, the focus of this paper. Small and large organisations of the private, public and third sectors from all over Europe are eligible for funding. EU programs provide grant funding that cover only partially - typically 75% - the costs of international collaborative projects. Horizon 2020 is the EU program in support of research and innovation for growth and competitiveness; with an almost € 80 billion budget for the 2014-2020 period, Horizon2020 is the largest EU funding program.

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INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO STRATEGIC SOCIOECONOMIC PLANNING OF TERRITORIAL SUBJECTS

Author(s): Maroš Finka,Vladimír Ondrejička / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The limitations of resources, increasing complexity and vulnerability of human systems, fuzzification of the space relating to the definition of belonging and uncertainty in it, increasing a number of decision-making actors are some of the crucial determinants of socio-economic development with a direct influence on all elements of economic systems. Innovation in the management of socio-economic development processes incl. planning seems to be needed reflecting “new conditions” in socio-ecosystems. In this context, the theory of commons represents an innovative approach with potential to face the challenges in conceptual, processual and also institutional level. This paper presents a new approach to the development of socio-economic spatial strategies underlining the role of cooperation and competition in the development processes with special attention to the processes of networking, clustering and development of fuzzy structures.

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INNOVATIOVE DIGITAL MARKETING OF SME HOTELS

Author(s): Tamara Floričić / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

State of the art digital marketing enters into all the spheres of marketing positioning in the hotel industry. As opposed to large hotel companies, small and medium sized hotels are in a more disadvantageous position with respect to the size of marketing budgets; they, however, find new strength in proactive and dynamic tools of e-placements. They include search engine optimisation (SEO), search engine marketing (SEM), Metasearch, dynamic rate marketing(DRM), email marketing, as well as a strong social presence. Description of research sample - for the purposes of achieving a synergic conclusion, the research was conducted on two levels: stakeholders - researched hotels and implemented digital marketing tools and market – tourists’ response to recognition of the said tools. Research methods – the methodology used includes quantitative, statistical and qualitative research methods, which include interview and creative thinking techniques. Findings and outcomes of the research – the research results point to a recommendation for the implementation of an optimal mix of digital marketing components for the purposes of realisation of results and return on investment. Application in practice - conclusions and recommendations are implicative and represent a new potential for application in practice, as well as support for new market recognisability and competitiveness.

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ANALYSIS OF THE BUSINESS PROCESS MANAGEMENT AT THE AUTOMAKER ENTERPRISES IN RUSSIAN FEDERATION (USING STANDARD ZONES AT «GAZ» FACTORY AS AN EXAMPLE)

Author(s): Ekaterina P. Garina,Viktor Kuznetsov,Alexander Garin,Anastasia Sevrukova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Business process management has been a basis for the scientific developments since 1990-sand Integrated adaptable production systems is quite essential for the domestic market. Business process management in Russia is at the stage of the theoretical search and carried out mostly in the area of organization design, engineering and manufacturing automation. The results of the scientific researchers can be also used in the condition of the home industrial enterprises and often they are contradictory and do not based on the systematic approach. Also debating points are connected with transferring from functional management to process management. Process managements is widespread in Russia nowadays. Objective of the research is to assess the process management effectiveness while the enterprise is transforming. The research is based on the systematic and comparative analysis, method of the expert assessment. The authors study the experience of the process management at the domestic enterprises, using «GAZ» as the particular example. Format transformation is possible in case of the operational effectiveness and with the usage of vertical and horizontal pressure. Business process management has been a basis for the scientific developments since 1990-sand Integrated adaptable production systems is quite essential for the domestic market. Business process management in Russia is at the stage of the theoretical search and carried out mostly in the area of organization design, engineering and manufacturing automation. The results of the scientific researchers can be also used in the condition of the home industrial enterprises and often they are contradictory and do not based on the systematic approach. Also debating points are connected with transferring from functional management to process management. Process managements is widespread in Russia nowadays. Objective of the research is to assess the process management effectiveness while the enterprise is transforming. The research is based on the systematic and comparative analysis, method of the expert assessment. The authors study the experience of the process management at the domestic enterprises, using «GAZ» as the particular example. Format transformation is possible in case of the operational effectiveness and with the usage of vertical and horizontal pressure.Business process management has been a basis for the scientific developments since 1990-sand integrated adaptable production systems is quite essential for the domestic market. Business process management in Russia is at the stage of the theoretical search and carried out mostly in the area of organization design, engineering and manufacturing automation. The results of the scientific researchers can be also used in the condition of the home industrial enterprises and often they are contradictory and do not based on the systematic approach. Also debating points are connected with transferring from functional management to process management. Process managements is widespread in Russia nowadays. Objective of the research is to assess the process management effectiveness while the enterprise is transforming. The research is based on the systematic and comparative analysis, method of the expert assessment. The authors study the experience of the process management at the domestic enterprises, using «GAZ» as the particular example. Format transformation is possible in case of the operational effectiveness and with the usage of vertical and horizontal pressure. Business process management has been a basis for the scientific developments since 1990-sand integrated adaptable production systems is quite essential for the domestic market. Business process management in Russia is at the stage of the theoretical search and carried out mostly in the area of organization design, engineering and manufacturing automation. The results of the scientific researchers can be also used in the condition of the home industrial enterprises and often they are contradictory and do not based on the systematic approach. Also debating points are connected with transferring from functional management to process management. Process managements is widespread in Russia nowadays. Objective of the research is to assess the process management effectiveness while the enterprise is transforming. The research is based on the systematic and comparative analysis, method of the expert assessment. The authors study the experience of the process management at the domestic enterprises, using «GAZ» as the particular example. Format transformation is possible in case of the operational effectiveness and with the usage of vertical and horizontal pressure.

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IS LOGICAL THINKING THE LOGIC FOR INNOVATION? HIDDEN PATTERN OF INNOVATION AND DISRUPTIVENESS

Author(s): Gunther Herr,André Nijmeh / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Many tools and methods exist to foster innovation. Generally they can be distinguished in a set of analytical tools to clarify the situation and tools that inspire the creation of new insights. Based on more than twenty years of research, combined with practical experience of several hundred industrial projects this paper shows that innovativeness in disruptive environment requires a new approach and attitude for actively designing and shaping future strength. A comprehensive analysis of the current context and content of the business model is needed. Nevertheless, when trying to create new future attempts experience and analytical strength restraints the search field to mainly those opportunities that are visible based on current success criterion. A distinguished mind-set that is based on the strength of dialectic thinking can create the required freedom to develop the new insights required. The know-how of creating business models that utilise new KPIs will round up the innomorphosis approach. Our world is too complex to create relevant context without analysing the situation in depth. However: Expert knowledge limits visible solutions to the current foundations and basic rules of the competition basis of today. Within the same process, different thinking-modes are required, to create disruptive views. Many tools and methods exist to foster innovation. Generally, they can be distinguished in a set of analytical tools to clarify the situation and tools that inspire the creation of new insights. Based on more than twenty years of research, combined with practical experience of several hundred industrial projects this paper shows that innovativeness in disruptive environment requires a new approach and attitude for actively designing and shaping future strength. A comprehensive analysis of the current context and content of the business model is needed. Nevertheless, when trying to create new future attempts experience and analytical strength restraints the search field to mainly those opportunities that are visible based on current success criterion. A distinguished mind-set that is based on the strength of dialectic thinking can create the required freedom to develop the new insights required. The know-how of creating business models that utilise new KPIs will round up the innomorphosis approach. Our world is too complex to create relevant context without analysing the situation in depth. However: Expert knowledge limits visible solutions to the current foundations and basic rules of the competition basis of today. Within the same process, different thinking-modes are required, to create disruptive views.

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Wzory kultury a rozwój gospodarczy

Author(s): Jacenty Siewierski / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

As a subject of consideration is an influence of cultural patterns on economic development. The comparison of two different models of development, the West model erected from the Christianity and East-Asiatic model based on the Confucianism proves the influence and vitality of the cultural legacy in the formation of both of them. Some elements of the Confucian legacy have great importance, such as a mentality in categories of the duty vs categories of rights, primacy of community over the unit and primacy of the morality over the constituted law. The Confucianism constitutes the store of the irrational tradition and cultural base of the modern society and its social order. It is proved in text that modern economic and political institutions are acting more efficiently if they are underpinned with norms originating from the cultural tradition. Future prospects of East-Asian economy are more promising than the future of the West economy.

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Reklama. Pomiędzy informacją a manipulacją

Author(s): Anna Kozłowska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

An advertisement affects consumer’s attitudes and behaviors – and therefore is a message, using all possible means and techniques to inform about the product and encourage its purchase. The ad helps to build a positive relationship between the consumer and the product. This happens due to the impact on emotions, the development of aesthetic experience and glorification of the product. We have to try products like something special, without which we are not able to function. Moreover, advertising affects the consumer through all sorts of ambiguity, understatement. This kind of treatment make it difficult for rational verification of advertising content. It is therefore important to take action to increase the awareness of consumers of how advertising affects their attitudes (and behavior) consumption.

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ЗА СПРАВЕДЛИВАТА СТОЙНОСТ

Author(s): Yasen Daskalov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This paper is addressed to the definition of fair value and the net present value method set out in IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement. The emphasis is placed on decomposing the definition of fair value and deriving its key features. The introduction of a global standard leaves an equal treatment forfair value.

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ЗА ПРИЧИНИТЕ ОТ ВЪВЕЖДАНЕТО НА НАДЗОР ВЪРХУ ОДИТОРСКАТА ПРОФЕСИЯ И МОДИФИКАЦИИТЕ В ОДИТА

Author(s): Diyana Bankova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Over the years, there have been a number of accounting frauds and abuses at the transnational level. This statement is proven by the bankruptcies of many companies. For this reason, the need for financial audit is becoming increasingly important. Only that bypassing the standards and asymmetric information in the financial statements is a serious problem. Therefore, new mechanisms are needed by the government to address these issues. Because of this, the oversight of the audit profession arises to serve the public interests. Audit modifications in recent years have focused on fraud and crime prevention. In this regard, the so-called „forensic audit“ and „criminal audit“ are used in some countries.

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БИЗНЕС МОДЕЛЪТ НА ПРЕДПРИЯТИЕТО КАТО ЕЛЕМЕНТ НА СЧЕТОВОДНАТА ПОЛИТИКА

Author(s): Kiril Bashikarov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Common meaning of the term ‘business model’ is related to the value creation process of an entity. The literature shows that there are many views on the role of the business model in financial statements. On the one hand it is considered that financial reporting based on the business model may undermine some qualitative characteristics of financial information – faithful representation and comparability. On the other hand the business model plays a significant role in the decision-making process. The report argues that the financial reporting based on the business model can facilitate the choice of anentity's accounting policy.

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РАЗВИТИЕ НА ПРИНЦИПИТЕ ПО СЧЕТОВОДСТВО В БЪЛГАРИЯ

Author(s): Miglena Trencheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Due to the increased interest of investors from different countries in the preparation of financial statements, the creation of accounting information had to be regulated internationally. This does not mean that traditions built in different countries should be ignored and denied. This report examines the accounting principles applied by our national law and the similarities / differences with international accounting standards.

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Корпоративно управљање у земљама региона

Author(s): Miodrag Mićović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

This paper analyzes the models of (one-tier, two-tier and mixed) governance in comparative law, but also the systematic and individual solutions for management issues that have been adopted in the region, i.e. in the countries of the former Yugoslavia. Based on the analysis, it is evident that in most countries of the region (Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia, Macedonia) a mixed system of governance is adopted. The system is based on the principle of freedom of contract and effect of the peremptory norms to a certain extent, which leaves enough space for the companies to decide on the model of governance. In any case, the system must comply with the material and personal substrate of the company.

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