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Ролята на културния фактор при преноса на рекламни стратегии
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Ролята на културния фактор при преноса на рекламни стратегии

Author(s): Gergana Fyrkova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 4/2019

With the expansion of globalization, more and more companies are considering ways to ensure success through effective marketing. But is it always possible to create a worldwide uniform brand image? Many companies have realized that even the universal needs of consumers are determined by differing attitudes and mental patterns of thought, behavior and communication. Of all marketing tools, advertising is the one most dependent on cultural codes, language and symbolism, for its purpose is to give social meanings to products. On this basis, the rule “think global, act local” ensures better communication and more powerful presentation because understanding in communication is based on shared cultural knowledge. This comparative study analyzes the transformations of brand slogans in Bulgaria and other markets, and points out many fundamental socio-cultural features. Evidently, not only the content of the message, but also its rhetorical diversity is determined by differing cultural values and expectations.

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Główne elementy nowoczesnego bezpieczeństwa transportu

Author(s): Marek Magniszewski,Marlena Lorek / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

The subject of this article concerns safety in transport in the context of broadly understood contemporary challenges. The study characterizes the impact of transport on individual types of safety. Ecological, personal and economic security were selected for the analysis. The purpose of this article is to attempt to synthetically address the issue of safety in transport while taking into account several selected areas of this safety. Selected types of security will be considered: ecological, personal and economic. It is the transport that presents new challenges that will affect the level of safety in the future. Today, the most important thing for the environment is to secure all parts of the infrastructure, both point and line, so that the movement process takes place without any irregularities that could result in damage to health and even loss of human life.

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МИЗЕС И ХАЙЕК В МК „КРЕМИКОВЦИ“

МИЗЕС И ХАЙЕК В МК „КРЕМИКОВЦИ“

Author(s): Pencho D. Penchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2020

The synthesized review of Kremikovtzi's economic activity during the period of socialism reveals well-known, but also, intentionally or not, forgotten characteristics of the Bulgarian socialist economy. The shortcomings identified in Kremikovtzi are systemic and not so much related to the personal qualities of the people who worked in the individual proceedings. "Kremikovtzi" is a collective image of the economic reality in Bulgaria during the socialism era and indicative of the possibilities and results of the state-implemented industrialization of the country.

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LABOR, MONEY, CONSTITUTIONS AND INTERNATIONAL POLICY MAKING

LABOR, MONEY, CONSTITUTIONS AND INTERNATIONAL POLICY MAKING

Author(s): Krassen Stanchev / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Just before we went into print, the international media outlets popularized the plan for an innovative monetary policy that was already in the making for about a year – the government of China and the central bank launched an emission of a digital currency.

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Banglascapes in Southern Europe: Im-mobilities, emplacements, temporalities

Banglascapes in Southern Europe: Im-mobilities, emplacements, temporalities

Author(s): / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

This special issue stems from a panel we organised at the European Conference on South Asian Studies in 2018, under the title ‘Banglascapes in Southern Europe: comparative perspectives’. Not all the panel participants from that conference feature in this special issue, and not all the authors included here were present at the conference. Nevertheless, the panel represents a first important moment in which we began to collect case-studies and insights on a relatively new aspect of the so-called Bengali, or Bangladeshi, ‘diaspora’.

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Structural Convergence of the CEE Countries with the Euro Area: Evidence from the Distribution of Employment between the Economic Sectors

Structural Convergence of the CEE Countries with the Euro Area: Evidence from the Distribution of Employment between the Economic Sectors

Author(s): Kristina Stefanova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

This paper examines the structural convergence of the CEE countries with the euro area with respect to the distribution of employment between the economic sectors. The existence of such a process contributes to the synchronization of business cycles and the efficiency of monetary policy. The purpose of the paper is to explore in which member states a convergence process with the euro area exists and smaller dissimilarities are observed over the period 2000 – 2018. Through the evaluation of the divergence index and the application of sigma convergence analysis it is identified that employment structure convergence of most CEE countries towards the euro area exists. However, considerably less dissimilarities with the euro area are observed over the whole period in countries that currently use the euro.

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EU-Mercosur Agreement: Developments and Prospects for Bulgarian-Brazilian Economic and Trade Relations

EU-Mercosur Agreement: Developments and Prospects for Bulgarian-Brazilian Economic and Trade Relations

Author(s): Juliana Hadjitchoneva,Daniel Moura da Costa Teixeira / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

As the signing of the Free Trade Agreement between the European Union and the Southern Common Market is a fact, the paper aims at revealing the impacts and the prospects of it on the Bulgarian-Brazilian economic and trade relations. After presenting the EU-Mercosur trade context briefly, it discusses the dynamics of the bilateral trade flows both between the European Union and Mercosur and, Bulgaria and Brazil and, emphasises on the novelty of the features and opportunities. The prospects for future economic developments are stated.

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Bulgarian GDP Expenditure Structure: Growth Impact and Convergence with Eurozone

Bulgarian GDP Expenditure Structure: Growth Impact and Convergence with Eurozone

Author(s): Stela Raleva / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The study represents an analysis of the Bulgarian GDP expenditure structure and its dynamics in the period 2000-2019. This structure is examined through two perspectives – its impact on economic growth in the short and long run, and its convergence with the one in the Eurozone. The relevance of structural convergence is interpreted in the context of its relation to the business cycle synchronization and the effectiveness of the future common monetary policy. The research methodology includes the assessment of the impact of GDP’s various components on the economic growth rate, the measurement of the rates of accumulation and consumption, and the evaluation of structural convergence through the indices of dissimilarity and divergence. Based on the empirical analysis, the conclusion is drawn that the high economic growth rate prior to 2009 was largely determined by the significant increase in investments, while during the following years there was a trend of growing decapitalization in the economy which had unfavorable implications for economic growth. At the same time the expenditure structure of the country’s GDP manifested an ever increasing convergence with the one in the Eurozone, which comes to show that the economy’s structural convergence appears to run counter to real convergence.

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Environmental Fiscal Policy for Sustainable and Efficient Renewable Energy

Environmental Fiscal Policy for Sustainable and Efficient Renewable Energy

Author(s): Neda Muzho / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The article is focused on the appropriate factors for the effective implementation of fiscal policy instruments that lead to more efficient and competitive models for the production of renewable energy. These models became an efficiency tool for value creation and delivery for the customers as part of the transition management for sustainable development. The analysis is based on in-depth case studies in Bulgaria and Belgium and compares the polycentric approaches for governance.

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Notas desde la Dirección Editorial

Notas desde la Dirección Editorial

Author(s): Rodolfo García Zamora,Pascual G. García Macías,José Salvador Cueto Calderón / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 1/2020

Yeiyá (“caminar” en wixárica, grupo étnico de México), revista de estudios críticos sobre ciencias sociales de los problemas y retos más importantes del mundo, y en particular de América Latina, hace su aparición a finales del 2020, año de enorme incertidumbre por la pandemia del capitalismo global que de forma inédita presenta la sincronía con una crisis civilizatoria multidimensional evidente desde los años setenta del siglo anterior, que se profundiza con la Gran Recesión económica de 2007-2010 y ahora con la doble pandemia mundial, sanitaria y económica, muestran la enorme vulnerabilidad de la humanidad y del planeta de seguir bajo los dictados del modelo de la muerte neoliberal y la financiarización de todos los aspectos de la economía, la sociedad, la naturaleza y la vida. Los impactos planetarios a nivel sanitario, económico, de desigualdad social creciente y de mayor ecocidio frente a un acentuado proceso de concentración de la riqueza de las corporaciones financieras, informáticas, de la salud y la industria militar obligan a promover un debate profundo sobre nuevas propuestas de organización social, de estrategias diferentes de desarrollo con la seguridad humana, el bienestar y la sostenibilidad ambiental como prioridades centrales. Lo que implica, entre otras tareas, definir el regreso del Estado al frente de las políticas sanitarias y económicas en todo el mundo como única estrategia para enfrentar los impactos y construir la salida de la doble pandemia, se convierte en una etapa de transición hacia la construcción de escenarios de posdesarrollo que erradiquen la explotación, la desigualdad, la depredación de la naturaleza y el aniquilamiento de las diferentes expresiones de la vida.

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Informal, ilegal, artesanal, tradicional, ancestral: desentrañando el entramado de los extractivismos por el oro en los ríos sudamericanos

Informal, ilegal, artesanal, tradicional, ancestral: desentrañando el entramado de los extractivismos por el oro en los ríos sudamericanos

Author(s): Eduardo Gudynas,Axel Rojas / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 1/2020

Alluvial gold mining corresponds to extractivism. Beyond its different labels, such as informal, illegal, artisan, traditional or ancestral, an analysis following the modes of appropriation perspective shows that it is a diverse and heterogeneous set. Considering three key criteria, twelve different modes were identified. Some highlights of these modes are presented, and a case study in southern Colombia is offered as an example. We estimate that more than 1.3 million people participate in these activities in at least eight South American countries. These activities have severe social and environmental impacts, they are geographically extensive in a patchy pattern, and are frequently associated with human rights violations and violence. This heterogeneity affects the proposals for alternatives.

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Extractivismo, neoextractivismo y commoditties de ilusión desarrollista

Extractivismo, neoextractivismo y commoditties de ilusión desarrollista

Author(s): Elizabeth Concha / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 1/2020

2020 is the expression of the cumulus of consequences caused by a rapacious capitalism. The degradation of the environment due to the exploitation of natural resources is growing exponentially and at a rate never seen in any other time in economic history. So, make known the alternatives to economic development and sharing knowledge of their intertwining with society are necessary in discussions anywhere, from research centers to a small community or locality, what is extractivism and neo-extractivism as a form of social relationship of economic growth based on the exploitation and destruction of natural resources, emphasize that although certain products such as minerals can be a means of economic growth, their exploitation is immersed in a developmental illusion, dominated by financialized capital, and finally its consequences and manifestations of those who recognize the importance of the land, water, air and who announce to us that without the recovery of that ancestral connection of these elements, there will be no economic development.

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La pandemia COVID-19: desafío al discurso de desarrollo bajo el modelo económico neoliberal

La pandemia COVID-19: desafío al discurso de desarrollo bajo el modelo económico neoliberal

Author(s): A. Fabiola Urquizú Solís / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 1/2020

El modelo capitalista neoliberal que rige el mundo en el siglo XXI, no puede negar la alarmante situación de muertes por COVID-19, así como tampoco su incapacidad para responder ante el impacto económico que está generando dicha pandemia. No tener el control hasta estos momentos de lo primero pone fuera de sus manos el control de lo segundo. La dinámica de libre mercado queda restringida ante epidemias mundiales o crisis ambientales de alto nivel. El desarrollo pensado desde “arriba” no alcanza a explicar las consecuencias que el fenómeno de crisis sanitaria mundial está ocasionando a nivel económico, social y político. El post-desarrollo empieza a tener sentido, al cuestionar el concepto de crecimiento económico y sus metas, pugnando por incluir una cosmovisión como fundamento de un nuevo modelo de desarrollo a nivel mundial. Este trabajo tiene como propósito evidenciar la necesidad de incluir nuevas formas de desarrollo que contemplen múltiples universos.

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Extractivismos, conflictos mineros y desarrollo desigual en América del Norte

Extractivismos, conflictos mineros y desarrollo desigual en América del Norte

Author(s): Federico Guzmán López / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 1/2020

Extractivisms and large-scale mining in the North American region made up of Canada, the United States of America and Mexico, were promoted in the hands of transnational private capital, from the neoliberal period 1982-2020. We found two turning points, the first during 1994 with the entry into force of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the second during 2020 with the trade renegotiation through the Agreement between Mexico, the United States and Canada. (T-MEC) and the global pandemic of COVID-19. The results register seven trends: increases in mining conflicts, international prices and gold reserves in central banks, unequal capital-labor ratio, strengthening of China in mining, continuing operations during the pandemic and Corporate Social Responsibility.

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„Тесният изкуствен интелект“ в контекста на въвеждането на изкуствения интелект, трансформацията и края на част от професиите

„Тесният изкуствен интелект“ в контекста на въвеждането на изкуствения интелект, трансформацията и края на част от професиите

Author(s): Mariana Todorova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2020

The article reviews how the appearance of the “artificial narrow intelligence”, which is already a fact, will participate in the processes of the transformation, the disappearance of some jobs and the creation of others. The aim of the text is to reveal two scenarios: optimistic and pessimistic as well as the basic theses in the debate of these problems. The tasks of the article are to draw the chances and to warn for the risks at the same time that follow of the implementation of AI in different human realms. The methodology of the research includes: a comparative analysis, key trends tracking, building of two alternative scenario forecasts. The originality of the text contains in the concrete placement of the Narrow AI in the context of the transformation of one the key human activity as labor is.

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Структурна Σ-конвергенция на износа на България и страните от ЦИЕ, членове на Еврозоната

Структурна Σ-конвергенция на износа на България и страните от ЦИЕ, членове на Еврозоната

Author(s): Vera Pirimova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2020

The study focuses on the structural σ-convergence of the export of Bulgaria and the five CEE countries, members of the euro area. By systematization of theoretical concepts basic characteristics of economic, trade, club and structural convergence are summarised. Presented and adapted to the structural σ-convergence of exports are two index methods, which are applied by their authors to study economic convergence. The values of the J. Von Hagen and J. Traistaru dissimilarity index and C. Van de Coeving divergence index are determined. They are calculated by commodity groups (according to SITS, Rev. 4) in exports of Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Slovakia and Slovenia, and as aggregated for all exports during the period 2002-2018. The results are presented in graphic form. On the index values basis, commodity groups in exports were derived, on which Bulgaria and the other five CEE countries achieved convergence or differences with the similar structural indicators for euro area exports, entered as reference values. Leading aggregated trends in the divergence and/or convergence of exports of the six countries are outlined. It is concluded that the five member states of the Eurozone have achieved greater convergence than Bulgaria, which in many cases is unstable and is neutral to the introduced and used common currency, the euro. In the study, methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, methods of empirical index and comparative analysis are applied.

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The Impact of Pensions for Insurance Experience and Age on the Social Insurance System

The Impact of Pensions for Insurance Experience and Age on the Social Insurance System

Author(s): Vladimir Valkov / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

The period under review started in 2010, when the discussion of significant para¬metric changes in the pension system in Bulgaria began in order to improve it, resulting from the changed rates of economic growth, employment/unemployment, income, infla¬tion, parameters and trends of demographic processes and their impact on the social insurance system and ends in 2018, with the inclusion of the latest changes in pension legislation and the available statistics on an annual basis. The article aims to show how the changes in recent years concerning the access to a pension for insurance experience and age and the determination of its amount have affected the number, amount and costs of pensions for insurance experience and age for the period 2010 - 2018.

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Private information in public spaces:

Private information in public spaces:

Author(s): Juliana Novaes / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2021

Cities are the stage of a curious phenomenon in which people feel at the same time at home and like complete strangers. A city provides simultaneously the familiarity of its residents concerning places and people and the possibility of living in relative anonymity. However, the last few decades have been accompanied by an increase in the use of information and communication technologies in the infrastructure and functioning of urban centers around the world. There has been a move towards the development of the commercial ecosystem of so-called smart cities, with the public administration increasingly partnering with private corporations to offer solutions in public services that involve the processing of personal data from citizens. Objectives: This paper aims to discuss the new dilemmas that arrive with the growth of surveillance technologies applied to urban centers and the increasing participation of the private sector in the processing of data whose origin lies within public services. Prior work: In order to accomplish so, this article analyzes this phenomenon from a capitalism surveillance framework perspective, in light of international data protection standards and with a primary focus on the analysis of the processing of citizens' data in the provision of public services Approach: The main approaches used are literature review and case studies. The first section will be dedicated to the discussion about the concept of “smart cities”; the second section will bring up the study of three cases about the implementation of facial recognition in the public transport system of the city of Sao Paulo; and the third and fourth sections are dedicated to the analysis of the legitimacy, risks, political and social implications of this type of surveillance practices. Results: As a result, this paper points to some of the issues that arise with the implementation of surveillance technologies in public services, such as the invasions of individuals’ rights of privacy and freedom of expression. Implications: The study offers an opportunity for researchers and policymakers to have a perspective on how these practical cases reflect some of the academic discussions around surveillance in smart cities. Value: This paper, therefore, offers an original analysis of three existing cases and their insertion into a broader discussion of surveillance in urban centers and some of the risks involved.

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Analysis of local information systems of Ecuador and the importance of urban marketing

Analysis of local information systems of Ecuador and the importance of urban marketing

Author(s): Stefany CEVALLOS / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2021

This article addresses the importance of urban marketing in Local Information Systems in Ecuador. The government with the aim of planning and making decisions in real time should include the perspective of a new model of city in function of the new social needs and the construction of an image for its own country and the international arena to acelereate the local economy development. This research, describes the social impact of urban marketing in the construction of the cities to attract Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Public management, plays a fundamental role in the development of different programs in the field of the digitalization of services to generate viable solutions and try to improve the quality of life of its inhabitants. Urban marketing and the ICT are a fundamental support for these. Citizens, businesses, governments and employees are a policy priority because cities are key factors for the new industrial scenario to converge all segments of society for ICT deployment and use. In addition, the article presents Local Information Systems for highlighting smart governance. The methodology used is secondary data sources including various types of books, journal articles, government reports and implementation plans.

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The participation of citizens to achieve smart people’s
case study:

The participation of citizens to achieve smart people’s case study:

Author(s): Helen Dian Fridayani,Li-Chun Chiang / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2021

The concept of a smart city according to several studies is very feasible to be adopted and developed as a solution to urban problems so far. Six smart city concepts can be adopted by adjusting the conditions of each city. The six concepts are a smart economy, smart mobility, smart environment, smart government, smart living, and smart infrastructure. After all, the most important element of a city area is the citizens of the city itself. The concept of a smart city was born to answer the problems faced by citizens. The concept of a smart city can be realized if coupled with efforts to make smart city residents (Smart Citizen). Intelligence is not just talking about improving the level of academic education, but increasing awareness and awareness of citizens to be directly involved in the process of formulating government policies and programs in their cities. Through the use of current information technology advances, it is very possible to do and be initiated by the government. Therefore, this paper will analyze the participation of the community in Sleman Regency to achieve the smart peoples. The method used in this study is qualitative and quantitative in which qualitative in-depth interviews are conducted with various sources, namely the government and the community and quantitative is done by distributing 100 questionnaires. The results of this study indicate that people are happy with the government's efforts to realize the concept of smart cities and districts. Besides, although the government has made various kinds of complaints channels to be closer to the community, several factors influence the community to use these channels, such as because of education, and inclusion. In the other hand, another factor that the most influence the use of public complaints is the response from the government.

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