Научният Еверест - мечта или реалност

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Russian

The academic forum “Literature of the Recent Past (1944-1989)”, organized by the Faculty of Philology at the South West University, combined the efforts of literary theorists of several generations to reflect on that part of Bulgaria’s recent past which has already turned into history. However, this history has not been completed yet in a comprehensive and objective manner. The aim of the forum was to create the proper discourse in which the history of literary theory writing will be attributed a multifaceted pluralistic ring. The project was a part of the attempt to reveal the Bulgarian literary history not only from the point of view “the history of generals”, but from the perspective of cultural identity manifestations on a national scale.

СВЕТЪТ Е СЛОВО, СЛОВОТО Е СВЯТ

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Russian,Polish,German,Serbian

In 2016 we have celebrated two significant events: a Silver jubilee to mark the 25th year of the establishment of the Faculty of Philological Studies and the 40th anniversary of the foundation of the South West University in Blagoevgrad. Both events are loaded not only with the symbols of the anniversaries but also with the hard work, perseverance, commitment and emotions of a few generations of scholars and researchers, who devoted their time and work to the elevation of the philological and university knowledge in South-west Bulgaria to the highest ranks in the country. The Collection of articles, offered to the readers’ attention, has been named after the National conference with international participation: “The World is the Word and the Word is the World” since our admiration for the words is in the base of our love to philological knowledge. It comprises most of the conference papers, presented in the event, organised as part of the celebrations of the two anniversaries – of the Faculty of Philological Studies and of the South-West University in Blagoevgrad. The event evoked significant interest, which is a clear sign for the fact that philology and our faculty have a great number of loyal friends not only in our country but also abroad. Our conference attracted more than a hundred philologists from over ten countries – Norway, The Czech Republic, Slovakia, Macedonia, Ukraine, Poland, Serbia, Greece, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and, certainly, Bulgaria. Articles by prominent scholars from the major Bulgarian universities – SU ‘St. Kliment Ohridski’, St Cyril and St Methodius University of Veliko Turnovo, PU ‘ Paisii Hilendarski’, BU ‘ Prof. Dr Asen Zlanatarov’ as well as a number of research institutions such as the Bulgarian Language Institute ‘Prof. Lyubomir Andreychin’, the Literature Institute of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), the Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Studies and the Ethnography Museum of BAS, the Institute of Solid-state Physics ‘ Acad. Georgi Nadvakov’ of BAS, the Cyril-Methodius Research Centre of BAS, etc – stand out among the contributions to the Collection. Research papers were presented by scholars from a number of European centres of learning: the University of Oslo, Norway; the University of Eastern Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Macedonia University in Thessaloniki, Greece; Trnava University in Bratislava, Slovakia; Charles University in Prague, the Czech Republic, etc. The multiple contributions present a large diversity of research topics coming from nearly all spheres of philological knowledge – from linguistics and the social nature of language, through philosophy, semiotics and the pragmatics of language to the problems of Bulgarian and European literature and literary theory, of folklore, ethnology, ethnography and the preserving of cultural heritage. The order of the papers, published in the proceedings, follows the conference programme so the reader will be able to choose from the following seven topical areas: 1. Linguistics: synchronic and diachronic research; 2. Language and culture. Language and subculture; 3. Sociolinguistics, folkloristics and ethnology; 4. Modern Bulgarian and world literature; 5. Media, communications and manipulation; 6. Translation and interpretation: theory and practice; 7. Methodology and didactics. One of the main purposes of such publications is the “meeting” and exchange of a multitude of scholarly ideas, as well as ideas of how we as philologists and humanity scholars can continue our work in a world set on the fast track and full of challenges, where the pragmatism of thought would often put established models on trial. The proceedings are printed on 537 pages and each text is accompanied by an annotation in English with keywords, for easier orientation in the topic area, and author’s E-mail contacts. Foreign language texts are printed in the original so that their meaning and ideas would not be lost in translation. The editors and authors of the conference proceedings, entitled “The World is the Word and the Word is the World”, hope that the present publication is compatible with modern philological research, matches the pragmatic ideas for the development of philology as a science, as well as satisfies the insatiable thirst for knowledge and explanation of philological issues, phenomena and facts from the world around us.

Йероглифите

Author(s): Bratislav Ivanov / Language(s): Bulgarian

The book I'm offering to the readers’ attention includes two parts - a brief introduction to the Chinese hieroglyphs in order to clarify their function in Japanese writing and etymology of one hundred Chinese hieroglyphs. The hundred hieroglyphs are selected by the Chinese Ministry of Culture in a way that is representative of the hieroglyphs as a whole. I hope this book will be useful to all who are interested in hieroglyphic cultures. – Bratislav Ivanov

Rodno osjetljiva upotreba jezika

Author(s): Sandra Zlotrg / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Raspravu o rodno osjetljivoj upotrebi jezika u našoj nauci o jeziku možemo pratiti još od polovine prošlog stoljeća. Zlatko Vince u zagrebačkom časopisu „Jezik“ 1954. godine u naslovu donosi dilemu Drugarica direktor, gospođa profesor ili drugarica direktorica, gospođa profesorica? Osvrćući se na postojeću praksu da žene, posebno poslije Drugog svjetskog rata, stječu zvanja i titule koje su nekada bile rezervirane za muškarce, primjećuje kako jezička praksa ne prati stvarnost tako da u raznim društvenim sferama možemo čuti i pročitati oblike kao Ana M., profesor, Marija Z., liječnik-pripravnik i sl. Do tada je doktorka i ministarka značilo suprugu doktora i ministra, i umjesto da se nađe novi naziv za zvanje koje obavlja žena, „kancelarijski, razgovorni, a za njime i književni jezik pošao je drugim putem. Službeni je naziv za žene, kao i za muškarce: profesor, doktor, inženjer, agronom, kapetan, major, pilot i t. d.“ (Vince, 1954, str. 116).

Jazyková biografie Bedřicha Smetany a jazyk jeho korespondence se zřetelem ke gramatickým jevům

Author(s): Lucie Rychnovská,Marek Nekula / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The paper deals with specific sources and methods of historical sociolinguistics and with the possibility of using historical language biographies to reconstruct a language situation: in this paper the specific aspects of the language situation in Bohemia of the 19th century. The paper presupposes that especially private correspondence is a prominent source for historical sociolinguistics because of its interactivity. It holds true also for the narration of language biographies introduced in the correspondence with respect to a specific addressee. The language biography method and its applicability as a method of historical sociolinguistics are demonstrated with the language biography of Friedrich/Bedřich Smetana. In the second part the paper deals with a grammatical analysis of Smetana´s received correspondence. The aim of the analysis is to show which Czech grammatical phenomena are problematic for Czech-German bilingual speakers, who began to learn standard Czech only as an adult.

Подходи при периодизацията на историята на чешкия книжовен език

Author(s): Borislav Borisov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Periodization is a method of categorizing systematically the processes in a given field with regard to its historical past. The central issue that emerges here is how to approach the task so as to bring to the fore those phenomena that delineate one period from another. This text outlines the various visions of eminent Czech scholars who have aimed to charter the periodization of Czech literary language.

Човекът и земята в средновековния Земеделски закон

Author(s): Mariyana Tsibranska-Kostova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The author aims at analyzing a group of lexical variants in three thematic areas, namely names for land surface and natural relief, for tools and equipment and for persons engaged in agricultural activity, according to the most important Slavonic witnesses of the Byzantine Farmer’s Law. These are the Russian compilation Law Books, and Ms. Slav. 466 from Hilandar monastery, both dating from the 15th century. Despite they attest two different translations, the author argues that they could represent the continuity with the more archaic state in the written dissemination of the Code, conditions for whose translation first arose in the 10th century Bulgarian kingdom.

Древнеболгарская основа славянской письменной традиции: к истории вопроса

Author(s): Lyudmila Karpenko / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

The article is devoted to the problem of understanding the Old Bulgarian basis of the Slavic written tradition in Russian philology. The relevance of it is due to the importance of assessing the continuing debate on the origin of Slavic writing, in particular the writing of the East Slavs. The aim of the article is to show the patterns of the dynamics of the views reflected in the literature on the question of the roots of the East Slavic script. The author traces the evolution of ideas about the origin of the Old Russian literary language and writing – from the establishment and recognition of the Old Bulgarian basis in the works of Russian Slavists of the 19th century – up to the hypotheses about the “own roots” of Old Russian writing and literary language in the Soviet period and the subsequent criticism of these hypotheses.

Косвени свидетелства за формалните облигации в римското право

Author(s): Maria Kostova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Roman jurists defined an obligation as iuris vinculum, i.e., a legal relationship or bond between persons governed by legal norms other than those established on the basis of religious, moral, or social patterns of behavior. The Roman poet Horace (65-8 B.C.) frequently used legal terms and situations as artistic embellishments. This preference to combine or dress up the poetic image with a legal idea or concept made his style lively and original, but not only that. He also provides indirect evidence of legal practice in ancient Rome.

Старобългарският език като даденост

Author(s): Iwan Martschewsky / Language(s): Bulgarian,German Publication Year: 0

ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ СДВИГИ В ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИИ РУССКИХ ПАДЕЖНЫХ И ПРЕДЛOЖНО-ПАДЕЖНЫХ ФОРМ

Author(s): Aleš Brandner / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

Phrases and their syntactic meanings in Old Russian were very different from contemporary language. In the course of the historical development there were shifts of meaning of some cases. These changes were caused the attempt of the language to express certain relations in a more accurate way. Expressing of certain meanings by simple, non-prepositional cases was gradually reduced; simple cases were replaced by prepositional cases. Historical study of genitive form´s use enables us to hypothesise their original semantics.

Gjuha shqipe përballë sfidave të lirisë Pararealitet gjuhësor

Author(s): Mehmet Elezi / Language(s): Albanian Publication Year: 0

U duk sikur bora e bardhë, e bukur, mik fort i rrallë për një qytet bregdetar si Durresi, filtroi edhe më ajrin e detit dhe bëri më të tejdukshme konferencën shkencore që organizonte Qendra e Studimeve Albanologjike (Shqipja në etapën e sotme, politikat e përmirësimit dhe të pasurimit të standardit, Durrës, 16-17 dhjetor 2010). Pjesëmarrësit qenë hulumtues e dijetarë me emër prej të gjitha trojeve shqiptare dhe prej mërgatës.

Писмото на чипровчани от 1658 г. до папата

Author(s): Liliya Ilieva,Margaret Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This paper analyses – on the basis of the surviving documents – the context in which in September of 1658, citizens of Chiprovtsi sent a letter to the pope asking him to secure the salary for the teacher in their catholic school Ivan Lilov/Lilich. A facsimile edition of the document written in Venetian Cyrillic in Illyrian is provided, accompanied by a translation into present-day standard Bulgarian.

За видовете писма според Никола Михайловски

Author(s): Kina Vachkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Nikola Mihaylovski is best known in the history of the modern Bulgarian literary language as a co-founder, along with Ivan Momchilov, of the Tarnovo School of Linguistics and Spelling. His contribution to the formation of the epistolary style of the modern Bulgarian literary language has not been studied so far. The article examines his book Little Bulgarian Letter book, 1868. His theories about the types of letters are presented. The etiquette of letter templates that he presents in his textbook is analysed, as is the specific terminology used.

Учебниците по българска стилистика на границата XIX/XX век

Author(s): Bistra Dikova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article is dedicated to three textbooks in stylistics, published at the turn of the twentieth century, which marks the beginning of modern Bulgarian stylistics. The book of R. Puhlev contains a short theoretical part. The books of B. Angelov and V. Yordanov are impressively modern with regard to the included problems, as well as the used terms and their definitions. The two texts are juxtaposed and some of the theoretical accomplishments of the authors are highlighted. Both books have been written for didactic purposes, yet they are fundamental for the development of stylistics in Bulgaria.

Союзы чтобы и дабы: русская синтаксическая особенность в церковнославянской норме

Author(s): Tanya Neycheva / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

The Conjunctions chtoby ‘so that, in order to’ and daby ‘so that, in order to’ arose almost simultaneously in Russian (the first, most likely, in Church Slavonic texts), moreover, in the period from the 15th to the 17th centuries there was no strict distinction between them, although there had already been a tendency for more frequent use of chtoby in administrative and everyday texts, and of daby in Church Slavonic texts. On the other hand, the data of modern languages (19th – 21st centuries), both Russian and Church Slavonic, indicate that at some point chtoby was finally ousted from the “synodal” Church Slavonic, and daby in Russian already was already perceived as a “bookish” and archaic conjunction. The author puts forward the thesis that the roots of the named functional and stylistic differentiation should be sought in the 18th century, the period when separate Church Slavonic and Russian literary languages were born.

Смесеният език на виенските българи между виталността и отмирането

Author(s): Ana Kocheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Language death occurs within unstable bi- or polylingual communities because of the linguistic dominance of the new language and the retreat of the minority language. The article draws some significant conclusions regarding the vitality and prospects for the existence and development of the mixed language that can be registered in many places among the larger Bulgarian-speaking migrant communities around the world. In this case, the conclusions are drawn on the basis of the mixed language of the Austrian Bulgarians. The mixed language has a more stable character in the first generation of Bulgarian migrants in Austria. In the case of the representatives of the second generation of Austrian Bulgarians, the process of Germanization is very advanced and they together linguistically oppose the representatives of the first Bulgarian generation with their already stabilized German lexical elements and grammatical constructions. While in the informants of the first generation the Austro-Germanisms have a variable character, in the second generation they have become almost the norm and the duplicity with Bulgarian elements is less inherent for them.

Прякори от село Калугерово, Пазарджишко през ХХ век

Author(s): Maria Razhankova-Petrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Nicknames in the village of Kalugerovo are part of the personal name system, related to people's social life and present in their everyday life. Nicknames are mostly used in colloquial speech and have different connotations. The research analyzes the collected nicknames that existed in two socio-political eras – before 09/09/1944 and during socialism. Their typology is determined according to their semantic motivation and linguistic models for their formation.

Думите за ‘страх’ в старобългарския и църковнославянския на фона на индоевропейската етимология

Author(s): Bilyana Mihaylova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In this article, we discuss the origin of the words meaning ‘fear’ in the Old Church Slavonic language against the background of the Indo-European etymology. Fear is one of the universal human emotions, key to survival. Etymological research in this area is important for understanding the essence of emotion itself, for studying the history of emotions and the history of thought.

Klisura – A “Balkan Latin Remnant”?

Author(s): Orsat Ligorio / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Greek κλεισούρα ‘narrow passage: mountain pass’ and its continuants (Church Slavonic клисоура, Bulgarian клисỳра, Macedonian клисýра, Alb. klisyrë and, perhaps, SCr. клùсура) are shown to reflect Late Latin CLŪSŪRAM > Proto-Romanian *kľisură ‘closure’ rather than the Late Latin CLŪSŪRAM itself, as is almost universally assumed.