"Continuities and discontinuities. Educational program of The Planned Parenthood Association in Krakow (1957 – 1993)"

Author(s): Barbara Klich-Kluczewska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2014

The article presents the program of sexual education prepared and offered by Krakow Branch of the Planned Parenthood Association in the wider context of socio-political situation in Krakow (1956 – 1989). Since the beginning of the Association’s existence, the special attention was paid to the development of educational program, which concerned the different aspects of „family life“. The article is going to answer the questions about its goals, the educational tools used to achieve them and its social targets. To accurately determine the position of the Association in the city‘s community I will analyse its foundation and activities in wider context of the pre-war traditions of the organisation and the activities regarding premarital counselling undertaken by the Krakow Catholic Church.

"Demokracija je počela" - demokratski izbori u Općini Bjelovar 1990.

Author(s): Željko Karaula / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2008

The downfall of the communist system in Europe in 1989, during a peoples’ awakening of a kind, was very soon reflected upon the events occurring in Socialist Yugoslavia, where the Yugoslav Communist Union had, until that time, exercised absolute power. Under the pressure of the communist system having fallen down in Eastern Europe, the true power takeover happened in 1990, when – after the introduction of a multi-party system – the Communist Union disappeared from the Croatian political scene. Referring to and based upon articles from local newspapers, publications issued by political parties and other written sources, the author notes how hard the way to democracy had been and indicates to the emergence of political parties in the area of the then Bjelovar Municipality. The paper presents the election results in the Bjelovar area in detail.

"Retragerea la pădure", nu "retragerea la munte"

Author(s): Constantin C. Giurescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/1976

Am ales această temă în cadrul secţiei „Procesul de formare a poporului român", fiindcă mi se pare că are o deosebită însemnătate. Sînt anumite formule care se repetă din generaţie în generaţie; a apucat să le spună o mare personalitate sau se găsesc în lucrări de seamă şi pe urmă continuă a fi spuse fără ca să se procedeze la o cerce­ tare mai amănunţită a lor.

"Нико не сме да вас бије" Слободан Милошевић у Косову Пољу 24-25. април 1987. Историја и мит

Author(s): Kosta Nikolić / Language(s): Serbian

"Свешената книга" в романовата структура на "Хайка за вълци" от Ивайло Петров - релации и трансформации

Author(s): Zapryan Kozludzhov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Ivailo Petrov's novel 'Wolf Hunt' is a dramatic saga with a story covering a long and contradictory period of Bulgarian history, from the first years after World War II to 1965. The fates of Ivan Shibilev, Mona Zhendo, Kalcho, Nikolin, Stoyan Kralev and their sons and daoughters intertwine and grow apart in passions and conflicts. This book is the story of people who are born during a totalitarian regime or die, frequently because of what they love. The hunt is the symbol of their thirst for revenge, the Old Testament 'an eye for an eye', with the outcome/redemption being presented as a pain of the soul caused by the loss of human happiness. The study discusses the presence of biblical motifs and images and the manner in which the author of the novel works with them. The moral categories through which each individual considers his/her life are skilfully woven in the book by the careful use of biblical symbols and messages. The characters in 'Wolf Hunt' fully experience the passions and sufferings of the Old Testament characters, thereby redeeming the original human sin.

"Скорозрейно" и "нетрайно" ли е българското развитие?

Author(s): Hristo Matanov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This paper analyses the critically well-known thesis of Prof. Peter Moutafchiev about the raises and falls in Bulgaria's development. We know that, counting the studies of the Russian scholar Alexander Hilferding, Prof. Moutafchiev came to the conclusion that Bulgaria's development was erratic and did not have periods of "peace" - everything featured rapid progress and equally rapid decline and crises. The Bulgarian scholar cited Serbia as an example of slower for more regular progrss. The author attempts to question the general validity of this opinion. First of all, it was dedicated by the historical period in which Prof. Moutafchiev lived and worked. Then Bulgarian history itself was transmitted under the influence of the notion that it consisted of a series of successes and failures. Serbia could hardly be a comparison factor as the main sources about its development are the vitas of its rulers written by their sons and close relatives. Third, there are hardly societies and countries on a European or world scale that have not been subject to the "historical sine" of which Moutafchiev speaks. The author of the article appeals for abandoning the romantic approach in reconstructing the Bulgarian past, which demands rapid events with a fatal outcome. Instead, he offers a narration based on Fernand Braudel's idea of continuity and longue duree.

"Социалистический реализм" и драма болгарского творца (середина 40-х - середина 50-х годов)

Author(s): Nataliya Hristova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1-2/1998

"Ханска Украйна - Мукатаа Томбасар" (края на XVII-XVIII век)

Author(s): Alexander Sereda / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The aim of the paper is to explore the region of Northwest Black Sea lands in the early 17th-18th centuries, in the context of the Ottoman and Crimean administrative and territorial structure; the political preconditions for the formation of Khan Ukraine - special administrative and territorial unit with the Ukrainian-Kazakh population under Crimean governance; the organization of the economical and fiscal district "Muqataa Tombasar" in the framework of Khan Ukraine. It presents the defter (register) of the revenues and expanses in Muqataa Tombasar and localizes the settlements and their population in the Northwest Black Sea region.

(Nie)pamięć zbiorowa Polaków jako skuteczna regulacja emocji

Author(s): Michał Bilewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2016

Bilewicz applies notions borrowed from the psychology of emotions to understand collective (im)memory in Poland, with a particular focus on defensive reactions to new historical data on Poles’ negative behaviour. Based on James Gross’ concept of emotion regulation, Bilewicz elaborates a model of downregulating collective moral emotions (such as guilt and shame). He then applies this model to the debate on the Jedwabne pogrom. He also outlines systematic social psychological studies that support his proposed emotion downregulation model. The article concludes with a discussion of alternative ways of presenting negative history – ways that overcome those defensive emotion regulatory processes.

(Od)czytywanie losów żydowskich

Author(s): Natalia Aleksiun / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2020

This text introduces a collection of articles which seek to interpret Jewish ego documents and testimonies, broadly defined. Reading these documents facilitates a process of uncovering intimate threads and problematizing Jewish biographies.

(Re)konstrukcija suvremene hrvatske / jugoslavenske povijesti u pregledima / sintezama nakon 1991. godine

Author(s): Damir Agičić / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

The author concentrates on the treatment of contemporary Croatian/Yugoslav history in several monographs, overviews, and summaries of Croatian history published over the past ten years. In addition, he completes a short re¬view of research on contemporary history included in the scientific-historical projects financed by the Republic of Croatia’s Ministry of Science, Education, and Sport. He concludes that when guided exclusively by scholarly criteria, the matrix of Croatian historiography is developing in a satisfactory manner.

(Не)възможната близост между двореца и българското военно командване в края на XIX и началото на XX век

Author(s): Peter Stoyanovich / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

Taking the Bulgarian throne in critical years for the country, Prince Ferdinand I was forced to ensure not only his personal survival, but also to quickly prove his great diplomatic and psychological skills in order to win the battle for the hearts of the largest and most influential stratum – the officer corps. In less than a decade, he was able to displace the talented dictator Stambolov and make dependent on his judgment the bulk of senior army command without directly interfering with army work and training. With this success, Prince Ferdinand proved his talents as a psychologist, ruler and tactician.

„DEZVOLTAREA MULTILATERALĂ” ȘI „FORMAREA OMULUI NOU” ÎN ROMÂNIA SOCIALISTĂ

Author(s): Alina Ilinca,Liviu-Marius Bejenaru / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

"For someone to acquire skill and ability in a particular branch of activity, thus becoming a labor force" – said Karl Marx in Capital – "education is necessary", adding that the communist order will ensure favorable social conditions for the individual qualities of to every man not to be stifled, but to be revealed and developed through education. The expression "multilateral development", applied to both the individual and society, has become one of the most common in Marxist pedagogy or Marxist-inspired theory. The communication aims to present the "multilateral development" and "formation of the new man" during the regime of Nicolae Ceausescu, being composed of two parts. In the first part, the communication will deal with the Marxist-Leninist conception of multilateral education, which was necessary and possible in mass proportion only in the conditions of socialist and communist society. The second part will contain the conception of the Romanian Communist Party about the "multilaterally developed socialist society" and the "multilaterally developed personality" which was to be characterized by "creative spirit and the tendency towards self-improvement and self-improvement". The conclusions will aim at the fact that, in the case of communist regimes, "multilateral development" was only an ideological fiction, because, unlike the liberal regimes, in which education means emancipation and permanent creation, communist education was organized to ensure the strength of work distributed according to socialist planning, the regime emphasizing social and cultural homogenization, in order to create a "working class culture".

100 of the most pressing Issues in the Republic of Moldova in 2007

Author(s): Ion Marandici,Dumitru Lazur,Ion Guzun,Stela Guzun,Nadejda Caprar,Diana Cheianu-Andrei,Olesea Cruc,Alexandru Lesanu / Language(s): English

The peculiarity of 2007 was the fact that it was the last year of the implementation of the EU Action Plan by the Republic of Moldova facing a severe drought. In 2006, the authorities of the Republic of Moldova had put forth the efforts to convince the European officials and the western partners of the possibilities of the country to implement the stipulations of the Action Plan RM-EU, the efforts have been materialized by the creating and sending reports regarding the implementation of the RM-EU AP. In 2007, the Moldovan authorities are facing the situation when they have to prove to the citizens and to themselves that the implementation of the Action Plan RM-EU did not represent just efforts but also clear results in bringing Moldova closer to EU. Or the implementation of this very document represented a capacity and availability test of the Republic of Moldova to approach the European Union. // This smart product offers comparative and analytical elements for the adoption of some superior techniques of evaluation of some decisions that involve important costs for our society. Meanwhile, the intention of the authors of this study is to encourage critical thinking and comparative approach regarding drafting of efficient and effective public policies as well as qualitative growth of the level of public debates on these issues of interest.

100 години Ньойски договор

Author(s): Tzvetozar Yotov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2019

100-th Anniversary of the Treaty of Neuilly

1893 Chicago Exposition and Ottoman Navy

Author(s): İskender Tunaboylu / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2016

International expositions having been started in Europe in the middle of the nineteenth century have shifted to the continent of America from the end of this century. All countries, including Ottoman Empire, have been invited to the expositions held in Chicago for the 400th anniversary of discovery of America by Christopher Columbus. Ottoman Empire defined as the sick man of the Europe has spread on effort to be able to be a member of the developing world by presenting a modern Ottoman look in Chicago Exposition. Turkish participators having shown the Ottoman culture and products in Chicago with their mosque, fountain, and hippodrome have been rewarded with forty five medals by Chicago Exposition Commission. Ottoman administrators have exhibited the technological development of the country with the products manufactured in Tersane-i Amire and Telegraph Surveillance Factory in the Chicago Exposition. The fleet which have been locked in the Golden Horn after ascending of Sultan Abdülhamid have been awarded with five medals. These rewards having contrasted with the existing condition of the navy are the result of the success of Tersane-i Amire in fine processing. Despite its success in the fair, the navy having left to corrode and of which culture have been destroyed was not to be able to fulfil the duties given for defending the homeland in the following period and Ottoman Empire was to pay a heavy price for the negligence. In preparation of the subject, Ottoman Archive documents of the Prime Ministry are benefited from as well as Naval Museum Archive documents.

1945. Kpaj или нови почетак?

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Croatian,Serbian

In 2015, the world celebrated its 70th anniversary since the end of World War II. On the initiative of Dr Dragan Aleksić, the Institute for Contemporary History of Serbia decided to join the commemoration of this significant date by publishing a collection of scientific papers that would not only be of a suitable character but would also represent a scientific contribution to the anniversary. It was an honor for me to be the editor of this collection, and my idea of ​​what it should look like revolved around 1945 as a turning point: a time when the war was ending and a new era was beginning. The end of World War II, to a much greater extent than the end of World War I, also marked the end of an old, pre-war world. After World War I, three empires disappeared, a series of new states emerged, democracy and the right of peoples to self-determination became generally accepted ... The end of World War I sowed, however, the seeds of the next world slaughter. It was incomparably greater than the previous or any other war in history, and its end created a world that people who lived in 1914 would never recognize. Europe was devastated, effectively divided between the two victorious superpowers, while the old European powers were losers or mere formal victors: soon after World War II, and in large part thanks to it, the colonial empires of Great Britain and France began to crumble rapidly, giving birth mainly during the first two postwar decades the world as we know it today. [...]

1968 - четрдесет година после

Author(s): / Language(s): Serbian

1968 – Forty Years Later represents a collection of historiographical works of 26 authors from different countries (Serbia, Russia, Czech, Croatia, Bulgaria, and Germany) about the international relations and the foreign-relation temptations of Yugoslavia and also about the domestic circumstances in Yugoslavia during the years 1967-1969. The first part of the book is dealing with topics like: 1968 as the turning-point for Eastern Europe, „Prague Spring“ after the increase of Soviet pressure on Czechoslovakia (July 1968), „Prague Spring“ and the attitudes of the Hungarian leadership, its influence in Bulgaria, the phenomenon of the Czechoslovak opposition after the defeat of the „Prague Spring“ in 1969-1972, the year 1968 as a point of departure of the new Yugoslav foreign policy orientation, Yugoslav reactions to the crisis in the Middle East and dictatorship in Greece, Yugoslav-Soviet, Yugoslav-Romanian and Yugoslav-Italian relations in the days of the Soviet intervention in Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia relations with the Federal Republic of Germany in 1960s, Yugoslav economic emigration in West Germany and the visit of the crew of Apollo 11 to Yugoslavia in 1969. The second part of the book is consisted from the works about Yugoslavia's activities in domestic and foreign policy after the intervention of the Warsaw Pact in Czecholsovakia in 1968, Yugoslav People’s Army’s ordeals in 1960s, the echo of the global student revolt of 1968 in Yugoslav youth and student press, student demonstrations in Belgrade and Yugoslavia in 1968, the case of Krunoslav Draganovic as one aspect of Yugoslav − Vatican relations, liberalization of Yugoslav theatre, and „rebellious“1968 in Istria. Most works are based on the new historical researches and they, after forty years, try to give a new answer and point of view on the issues connected with the happenings in 1968. The book contains also Chronology of the important events in 1968 and Bibliography of the selected Works on 1968.

1989 г. в диахронна перспектива – Китай и Източна Европа

Author(s): Martin Dimitrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

200 Years from the Establishment of the Superior School of Land Surveying Engineering in the National Language from Wallachia (1818-2018). Remember: Gheorghe Lazăr

200 Years from the Establishment of the Superior School of Land Surveying Engineering in the National Language from Wallachia (1818-2018). Remember: Gheorghe Lazăr

Author(s): Gheorghe Nistor,Cristian Onu,Gabriel Săndulache / Language(s): English Issue: 25/2018

The Superior School of Land Surveying Engineering, the first superior education program in Wallachia, was inaugurated two hundred years ago (1818-2018). This memorable event occurred owe to the arduous efforts of a great patriot, Gheorghe Lazăr, who carved a path for Romanians to pursue science and engineering in their maternal language.