Around the Bloc: Saakashvili Launches New Political Movement
The former president of Georgia and recently resigned Odessa governor vows to ‘make Ukraine great again.’
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The former president of Georgia and recently resigned Odessa governor vows to ‘make Ukraine great again.’
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Critics say under-25s lack experience for high positions in Ukrainian government, while their bosses say fresh faces are needed.
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The purpose of this article is to present the problems of factors shaping the structure and functioning of the public administration, in particular classifications and categories of these factors in terms of methodology and real, as well as the effect of selected factors on the quality of the legal nature of the administration. In the literature, it is assumed that the determinants of public administration shape the structure, functions and competences of administration and organizational sphere of administration. The issue of these conditions is important in the context of the quality of administration, particularly in the area of meeting the needs of citizens and society. The reasons for this state of affairs can be divided into legal and non-legal. The first group of reasons due to the obligation of public administration within the powers set out in the legal standards. The result is that all of its activities must be pursuant by legal regulations in force. those regulations are the standards of its activities.Constitutional, competence, and procedural legal norms determines not only the requirements for the construction and organization of the administration, but also shapes an assessment of the administration. The second group of reasons concerns the non-legal factors, such as political, social, cultural, which, together with the rapidly changing environment of administration, constantly affect the functioning of the administration.
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More than 20 years after the 1989 Revolution, the Romanian society continues to be patriarchal – and implicitly less democratic for women. This fact becomes more obvious if one looks towards the political sphere and at the way in which women’s interests are represented at the political decision level. In this social environment, civil society and especially the feminist movement have a particularly important role in terms of promoting women’s specific civic and political agendas. Our paper is an exploratory investigation of the strategies of political and civic actions used by the feminist movement in Romania during the post communist period. We will try to identify and categorize these strategies. Our aim is to explore a way of formulating a sort of typology (a methodological exploration) of the civil and political models of action used by five Romanian feminist NGOs, while trying to assess their activity. This study is one of a prospective nature, in other words, it is not an exhaustive attempt to analyze the entire specter of feminist organizations, but rather an attempt to test the methodological apparatus and to adapt the theoretical framework to the realities found in the field.
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The main research problem is the analysis of the Polish policy with regard to Lithuania in 2009-2013. Some factors which influenced the crisis in mutual relations are presented. The initial dividing line is connected with worsening the mutual relations in 2009. The sources are based on the Minister of Foreign Affairs speeches, reports, press materials and professional books and articles. The author analyses the source materials. The problems of the Polish minority in Lithuania had a major impact on the relationship between the two countries. The difficulties in solving the problems were connected to their different perception by the Polish and Lithuanian sides. Despite the difficulties in fixing those matters, the cooperation in other fields, like economy or military, was continued.
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The following article highlights the drafts upon which the Polish President’s order, dated 22nd of March 1928, was based. Administrative proceedings were thought to be a new and complicated subject. Therefore it was very important to set the law ruling the administrative proceedings in order for the administrative authorities to function properly. The lack of these law rules caused long delays and errors in the administrative proceedings. The President’s order was a result of the urgency for the administrative proceedings to be equal as they were different in the counties and were showing the lack of unity. There were cases where the Supreme Court of Administration was turning down administrative judgements because of their failure to comply with the correct administrative proceedings. As there were no equal rules as far as the administrative proceedings are concerned the officials and government authorities had to seek the solution in other statutes and law orders.President’s order, dated 22nd of March 1928 came into life during a very busy legislation time. The law making was very chaotic and the reasoning is very superficial. However that very complex act of law which was based on the experience of the government officials and vast Supreme Court of Administration judgements was sufficiently outlining the subject and rules of administrative proceedings.
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Former lawmaker Onyshchenko, facing embezzlement case, releases recording allegedly proving Poroshenko’s dirty dealing.
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Dissenters in parliament and on the streets have been baying for change since the conservative government took office last year.
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- Art. 11 of the Convention - "Freedom of assembly and association". The Court considers that the reason relied upon by the Government to ban peaceful assembly planned by the petitioner is not sufficient to be associated with an acute social need. Therefore, it was no demonstrated that the prohibition was necessary in a democratic society to achieve the objectives. Accordingly, the art. 11 of the European Convention on Human Rights had been violated. - Art. 8 of the Convention - "The right to respect for private and family life". The Court recalls that Article. 8 should not be interpreted as meaning that its provisions would require that the state general obligation is to respect the possibility of married couples to choose their country of residence and to allow family reunification in the territory of that country. Therefore, in a case aimed at both family life and immigration extent of the State's obligation to admit to its territory of persons residing close there varies depending on the particular situation of the persons concerned and the general interest. The Court concludes that, in this case, has not achieved the right balance, meaning that permanent prohibition to enter Greek territory, applied petitioner was not proportionate to the aims pursued. Therefore, a violation has occurred of the art. 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights.
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Strategic management focuses on future development of organizations, based on a vision and a strategy. If strategic leaders demonstrate epistemic competencies, business can take place not according to the zero sum game rule, where there are always winners and losers, but to a non-zero sum game rule, where there could be only winners and no losers. Epistemic competence is given by the scientific nature of knowledge, it breaks down the mental automatism generated by common day to day personal experience and it uses mathematical models and other specific methods. Strategic management and its practical content can best be understood within the context of the theory of organization, for organizations are indispensable for the general human and civilizational progress.
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Serious political crises observed in the Arab world since 2011 have resulted in the overthrow of or attacks on several dictatorships, but it is interesting to note that deep crises of state structures were observed in the Arab republics, while the monarchies retained a political and social stability. The author observes that this is hardly a coincidence, as the monarchs rely on the traditional legitimacy of power, with the reigning dynasties depend either on their descent from Prophet Muhammad or on their contribution to the renewal of Islam. The authority of these monarchs is close to absolute, even in Jordan, where many European arrangements have been adopted (constitution, parliament, elections). The text examines several decades in the development of Jordan, focussing on the crises of authority in 1951, 1956–1957, 1967–1970 and 1989–1991. At the time of crises the Hashemites draw on their prerogatives as absolute rulers and on the concept of the ruler in Islamic tradition, so the history of Jordan may be quoted as example of the stabilising role of the monarchy in the Arab world.
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1. Art. 8 of the Convention - "The right to respect for private and family life";The absence of cooperation between parted parents is a circumstance that cannot exempt the authorities from their positive obligations under article 8. The government did not offer any explanation for the delay in examining the petitioner's claims. The Court concludes that, despite the margin of appreciation recognized to state, the Polish authorities have no made efforts to ensure adequate and effective implementation of the parental rights of the petitioner and his right to keep in touch with his child. Therefore, Art. 8 of the Convention was violated. 2. Art. 10 of the Convention - "Freedom of Expression";The Court notes that the complainants were not forbidden to make public the miscellaneous facts. Their conviction was based solely on possession and use of radio equipment used in order to obtain information faster by police interception of communications, which were confidential under domestic law. The Court notes that the Milan Court of Appeal ordered the suspension of execution of sentence of imprisonment, and in the case file there is no evidence to indicate that the complainants would have made these punishments. Therefore, sanctions petitioners do not seem to be disproportionate. The domestic courts made an appropriate distinction between petitioners debt to respect law, and exercise of their journalist work. The court ruled unanimously that in this case there occurred not a violation of art. 10 of the Convention.
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The paper deals with the issue of national interest, analyzed from an internal perspective, with implications on the manifestation of the state at European level. Internally, at the level of the state, the most common phrase is “national interest”, but at regional level, the term “general interests” is employed. In practice, national interest may vary from one state to another, being influenced by the changes occurring on the international scene. Relevant for the support, promotion and defense of the national interest is the cooperation between the President, the Government and the Parliament in the field of European affairs. The paper also tackles the parliamentary control over Romania’s representation at the European Council meetings, as a way of supporting and defending the national interest.
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The article presents powermetrics as a basic element of geopolitical analyses. Modeling and measurement national power is an important technique in the study of international relations. Geopolitical point of view and quantification of power can be crucial for global forecasting and can result in greater chance of better decision-making
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The paper examines the evolution of US‑Brazilian relations at the turn of the 20th and 21st century. Factors such as the divergence of geopolitical views held in both countries after the end of the Cold War, Brazil’s longstanding aspirations to become a major power in a multipolar world, new tensions that arose after September 11 and the US “war on terror” as well as president Lula da Silva’s (2003‑2010) engagement in a fuel swap deal with Iran led to a complicated relation between the United States and Brazil in the first decade of the 21st century. Lula da Silva’s successor Dilma Rousseff (2011‑2016) declared to continue his policy. An analysis of her rule allows to claim that mutual relations were to a large extent overshadowed by controversial topics such as a UN Security Council reform and the NSA spying controversy. Yet, Mrs Rousseff ’s administration also managed to show visible efforts to focus on more pragmatic issues of economic and technological cooperation contributing to a possible improvement of future U.S.‑Brazil relations.
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The author analyzes the increasingly frequent analogy in both journalism and academic literature between Atlantic slavery and the system of manorial serfdom. While the comparison is in his opinion justifiable on moral grounds, it is of little use intellectually because it does not help us understand the specifics of serfdom. Without doing so, we cannot understand where there is continuity between that regime and contemporary Polish society, nor can we come to terms with the stigma of history. The reason we still treat serfdom as “Polish slavery” is, according to the author, Westernism, namely, the belief that the West has been the locomotive of global history. A brief analysis of the “real” slavery that prevailed in Poland in the era of the first Piasts, and which was a consequence of exporting slaves to the Islamic world, shows how we can talk about the people’s history of Poland without the burden of Westernism.
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In a first for Serbian courts, eight former Bosnian Serb policemen stand accused of slaughtering 1,300 Muslim civilians in 1995.
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Putin’s only serious challenger may be forced to sit out next year’s presidential election.
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The region of Caucasus proves to be very interesting field of research. It is especiallytrue after year 1991. The fall of USRR opened the region (especially SouthCaucasus) for international influences. Three new-founded nations of Georgia, Armeniaand Azerbaijan became a background for clashing interests and rivalries ofGreat Powers. Difficult situation of aforementioned nations is deepened by their political,social, ethnic and economic problems. Author tries to describe those problemsand their causes. In the beginning article shortly characterizes the Caucasusregion, its history, political situation and place in international relations. Author indetail analyzes chosen aspects of relations between Russia and South Caucasian republicsincluding Russian intervention in Georgia in 2008 and Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh. The importance of the region in Russianforeign policy is also analyzed.
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