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,,Revenirea” la Ortodoxie în zona Năsăudului

Author(s): Alexandru Dărăban / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 2/2013

The year of 1948, representing „the return” of the Greek Catholic Church within the Eastern Orthodox Church, mainly due to political pressures made by the Communists, was and is still a sensitive issue and a topic insufficiently capitalized by historiographic research. On the basis of documents from the archives of the Romanian Orthodox Archdiocese of Vad, Feleac and Cluj-Napoca, but also from published sources, the article describes this „phase of return”, in one of the areas of Transylvania, namely Bistrița-Năsăud county. Although author is an orthodox theologian, the article’s aim is to reveal the historical truth, without any myths and exaggerations.

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Adjectivul niger în opera vergiliană

Author(s): Maria Subi / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 51-52/2013

The adjective niger (3) ‘black, wretched, sinister, fatal’ occupies an important place amongst Virgilian chromatic terms, as its dark tone harmonizes with the atmosphere of melancholy and sorrow found in the work of the Latin poet. Used in opposition to albus(3) – the white of light, the white of day – niger(3) symbolically relates to the black of night (gloomy, ominous) or to the vast Hell, equally dominated by the same dark colour. An attribute of the night and of Hades, niger takes on a markedly negative value which is noticeable in all its contextual uses (e.g. its association with other elements, such as the dust, the darkness of woods, the clouds or the storm), just as black always remains a symbol of ugliness, destruction and evil.

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Alfabetyzacja jako szkoła wolności. „Uczenie się przez całe życie”

Author(s): Katarzyna Nowaczyk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 124/2014

Katarzyna Nowaczyk raises the issue of adult illiteracy in European countries, seen not only through the context of education, but also in the spheres of culture and the economy. The author is interested in educational initiatives which use non-artistic theater as creative working tools, as in the work of the Nuovi Linguaggi organization. Nowaczyk primarily focuses on her experiences that came with participating in workshops at the Alcatraz center (Libera Università di Alcatraz) led by Jacopo Fo. She describes exercises carried out in the framework of the adult literacy project, as well as theatrical inspiration in the teaching process.

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Atomowa menażeria. Epizody z życia „potwornego”

Author(s): Patrycja Cembrzyńska / Language(s): / Issue: 127-128/2015

The phantom of a traumatic, post-nuclear landscape haunts the culture, even in its popular manifestations. Patrycja Cembrzyńska recalls a range of tragic historical events associated with nuclear/atomic attacks, accidents, or experiments, and goes on to analyze texts that show their impact, or even remote echo. The author ponders the role of man, animals, and various mutations in this post-apocalyptic reality. Her deliberations also focus on issues tied to the functions of various cultural products that address this subject in the reader's/audience's consciousness.

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Az alárendelt helyzettől az önmegvalósításig? Oscar-díjas fi lmek női karaktereinek elemzése a magánszféra és a nyilvános szféra viszonylatában

Author(s): Emese Bíró / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 01/2014

This paper presents the analysis of female characters in leading roles and important supporting roles in films that have won the Oscar Best Picture Award from 1970 to 2013. It concentrates on the chosen female characters’ activity, goals, goal attainment and hierarchical relations with male characters and other female characters, in the private and public spheres. Looking into the women character’s perception of the border between their private and public spheres, I am interested in whether they experience the passing of this border as easy or difficult, as a one way possibility or as flexible, and how they reconcile their activities in the public and private spheres. A further question is which female characters occupy more favorable power positions and have better goal attainment: those who are active either in the public or in the private sphere, or those who take part in both. I conducted qualitative content analysis of the films based on a previously elaborated analysis schema and on narrative film analysis aspects.

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BERNHARD HÄRING NA II. VATIKÁNSKÉM KONCILU – JEHO VÝZNAM A VLIV

Author(s): Jan Czudek / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 3/2014

The article seeks to describe the role and impact of B. Häring on Vatican II. The beginning focuses on the phase before the Council, when Häring published his first systematic work Das Gesetz Christi (The Law of Christ), in which he offered an overview of moral theology. In his work he attempted to renew this discipline by detaching it from Canon Law and directing it towards other disciplines, such as Spiritual Theology, Sacramental Theology and Pastoral Theology. Some examples of his different approach to moral theology include the areas of theological anthropology – particularly regarding questions of conscience. The article goes on to describe the time of the Council consultations, during which Häring worked as a secretary in the preparation of important documents such as Lumen gentium, Gaudium et spes, Optatam totius, etc. The author of this article uses Acta of Vatican II, Häring’s autobiographical works, and materials which are still unpublished for sources – including Häring’s notes, which were still in the monastery where he died. Häring’s voice was not silent after the Council. He continued with public discussion about moral problems – even exploring further the idea that there are no questions solved once and for all. (After the Pope published his encyclical Humanae vitae, for example, Häring used his moral theological reasoning to express his dissent.) The entire article summarizes Häring’s concept of renewed moral theology and underscores his personal legacy, a legacy which forces us even at present to discover, discuss and change our way of life by asking challenging questions.

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Brak i nadobecność. O obrazie polskiego doświadczenia Marca ’68 w filmach Andrzeja Wajdy

Author(s): Marta Bryś / Language(s): / Issue: 126/2015

Marta Bryś analyses two films by Andrzej Wajda, both created in 1968: Everything for Sale and Layer Cake. According to the author, both productions are comments on the contemporary experiences of Polish society. Giving a detailed account of selected scenes and devices, Bryś points out that even though the films are very different, they contain traces of the dissolution of social bonds resulting from the mass emigration of Jews and the consequences of the government's usage of anti-Semitic rhetoric.

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Cântarea Cântărilor, discurs alegoric şi imaginar religios

Author(s): Doina Butiurcă / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 51-52/2013

The first great hymns of love – which differ from one another on a linguistic and referential level – are The Song of Songs and the Apostle Paul’s First Letter to Corinthians – chapter 3. The present study focuses on the former, and argues that it ought to be interpreted as an allegory of God’s love for His people, the Israel. In the introduction, we underline some aspects regarding the history of the spiritual hymn, the ongoing polemic concerning the period when it might have been created, and its paternity. Further on, we briefly introduce the most prominent interpretations of The Song of Songs, before focusing on the attempt to reinforce the allegorical reading and understanding of the text, in chapters like The Epiphanies of Jahve, The Sheppard and His Flock, The Topography of the Divine Space.

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Carta stalinismului naţional: Declaraţia PMR din aprilie

Author(s): Vladimir Tismăneanu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2014

The Declaration of April 1964 is known as a document that epitomized Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej’s policy of autonomy from Kremlin. At the same time, it provided the theoretical foundation for the foreign policy initiatives pursued by Dej's successor, Nicolae Ceauşescu. Although N. Ceauşescu avoided mentioning the Declaration in his post-1965, he remained faithful to its principles. In fact, Ceauşescu’s international stances were the direct continuation the political line spelled out in the Declaration. The Declaration proclaimed that all communist parties were equal within the international communist movement, that patronizing attitudes need to be rejected, and that all communist parties were free to choose their own path toward communism. Gheorghiu-Dej did not live long enough to see the outcomes of the major shift represented by the Declaration of April. Later, N. Ceauşescu turned Gheorghiu-Dej’s embryonic ethnic nationalism into increasingly chauvinistic policies. This synthesis of Leninist dogmas (first and foremost the leading role of the communist party) and resurgent far-right themes and motifs resulted in a national Stalinist experiment. Only apparently forgotten, the Declaration was in fact Ceauşescu’s national Stalinist Charter.

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Choreografia jako sieć neuronowa

Author(s): Katarzyna Lemańska / Language(s): / Issue: 127-128/2015

Katarzyna Lemańska reviews Tomasz Ciesielski's book The Dancing Mind: The Theater of Movement and Dance from a Neurocognitive Perspective (Łódź, 2014) devoted to the neuroaesthetics of dance. The author describes the structure of the publication in detail, noting that it facilitates two reading strategies – linear and issue-based. The book is addressed both to dance theorists and practitioners, and, as the author himself stresses, part of it remains debatable. Ciesielski states that his research method confirms the dancers' abilities, but is incapable of explaining the phenomenon of dance and movement.

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Conceptualizarea antonimică – modalitate de structurare discursivă

Author(s): Daniela Gheltofan / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 51-52/2013

In this study, we argue that antonymy is a universal linguistic and cognitive phenomenon that points to general or national pattern behaviours that are difficult to identify and clarify. To decipher these cultural and linguistic behaviours, we have focused on cognitivism, delimiting the “antonymic concept”. We have suggested interpreting antonymic conceptualization as a way of conceptual-discourse structuring. This was applied to the postmodern fiction text Nepoata lui Dali by Simona Constantinovici (2009). Thus, by analysing the antonymic concept viaţă-moarte (life-death) as a discourse macro-intention we show that narrative expansion and text construction are also done on a conceptual-antonymic basis, which shows the importance of antonymic cohesion in discourse structuring. Finally, based on the conceptual-literary plane provided by the antonymic contexts and the corpus of conceptual phrases excerpted from the novel, we have succeeded in isolating conceptual-auctorial metaphors concerning “viaţa” (life) and “moarte” (death) and conceptual-literary networks of “viaţă” (life) and “moarte” (death). Based on them, we supply a model of discourse configuration based on the antonymic concept in the novel analyzed.

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Contribuţii la istoria meşteşugurilor din Galaţi, în a doua jumătate a secolului al XIX-lea

Author(s): Emeric Mihaly,Sara Mihaly / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 2-3/1969

Dans la première partie de leur travail, les auteurs nous présentent le tableau du développement de l'industrie roumaine à cette époque en précisant qu'en dépit des succès obtenus à la fin du XIX-ème siècle et au début du siècle suivant, des nombreux manufactures, ateliers capitalistes, ateliers artisanaux et même une industrie ménagère continuaient d'exister. Ensuite, les auteurs traitent du développement de l'industrie, voire des métiers, à Galaţi pendant la deuxième moitié du XIX-ème siècle, utilisant un matériel riche et varié, pour la plupart inédit. Ils font observer que durant la période susmentionnée le nombre des artisans a sensiblement augmenté à Galaţi. En effet, si en 1845 il y en avait plus de mille, en décembre 1889 leur nombre s'élève à 4558. Ainsi, de ce point de vue, la ville de Galaţi vient tout de suite après Bucarest, voire après Craiova. Les auteurs soulignent le fait que malgré l'augmentation en nombre de la majorité des métiers, quelques uns — comme la meunerie, la peausserie et les tanneries — marquent une régression assez notable à cause de la concurrence des artisans étrangers et surtout à cause des marchandises industrielles autochtones et étrangères. Néanmoins les métiers non seulement ne déchoient pas à Galaţi mais, bien au contraire, ils connaissent un essor remarquable.

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Dane symboliczne w analizie regionalnego zróżnicowania sytuacji gospodarczej

Author(s): Justyna Wilk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 331/2014

Symbolic data are applied in the spatial analysis of economic situation. They enable to take account of the structure of a phenomenon within compared regions, especially if significant regional disparities occur. The objective of the paper is to discuss the concept of symbolic data and their applications in describing the economic situations of territorial units. The paper shows the problems in measuring the economic situation in comparative research and the concept and construction of symbolic data for describing the situations of territorial units, as well as the methods of their analysis. The article also presents an empirical example of applying symbolic data in the analysis of regional disproportions of the economic situation in Poland.

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Digital Immortality vs. “The Right to be Forgotten”: A Comparison of U.S. and E.U. Laws Concerning Social Media Privacy

Author(s): Cayce Myers / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2014

This paper examines the contrast between United States and European Union laws concerning social media users’ right to remove their online presence permanently. Currently, the United States and European Union represent two distinct approaches to the right of individuals to permanently remove personal content from social media. U.S. law favors social media companies keeping profile content within the digital sphere even when that person no longer wants it there. The European Union’s approach social media privacy gives users more rights to remove themselves entirely from social media permanently (General Data Protection Regulation, Article 17, 2012). Using Myres McDougal’s (1959) legal theory of international laws’ effect on national policy, this legal study examines the social media privacy laws of the United States and European Union concerning user control of personal content. From this analysis, future implications of this international conflict, specifically the legal delineation of public and private spheres in the 21st Century, are suggested

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Dobra wróżka gafa. Mała antologia lapsusów literackich Jana Kotta

Author(s): Jerzy Timoszewicz / Language(s): / Issue: 127-128/2015

An anthology of Jan Kott's blunders preceded by an introduction by Maryla Zielińska which describes the relations between the former editorial team of Didaskalia magazine with Jerzy Timoszewicz. Timoszewicz's list was a present for the eighty-fifth birthday of his professor and close friend. Zielińska recalls that the editors did not accept the text for publication, because it did not “aim for the jugular and thus tripped over its own feet.” The present publication is a symbolic farewell to Jerzy Timoszewicz, who passed away on 24 March 2015.

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Ellici în kazaua Hârşova (sec. XVI). Precizări asupra unei instituţii

Author(s): Anca Popescu / Language(s): / Issue: 1/2014

The Ellici of the Kaza of Hârşova (sixteenth century). Observations on an Ottoman Institution. The fiscal category of the ellici peasants was linked in the Ottoman Empire to the military institutions which operated under the eşküncü-yamak system, under which a group of ten to thirty persons subsidized a number of three to five soldiers serving in imperial campaigns. The system was similar to the military organization of the yürük and the müsellem, and also to that of the Balkan voynuk and Vlachs. The ellici are also documented for the region of Dobrudja in an unpublished Ottoman sultanic ordinance from the last quarter of the sixteenth century.

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Ethics and Responsability in Public Management

Author(s): Daniela-Tatiana Agheorghiesei / Language(s): / Issue: 2/2015

The public values are currently a mark in the decision-making process in the public management sector. The theory of Public Value (or the New Public Service) confers an important role to managers that are seeking "to maintain the organization's legitimacy in the eyes of the public". Its essence consists to assume full responsibility by the managers and the organization that they lead, both for the citizens and for the politicians who formulate the public policies. This paper brings into focus the importance of the concept of responsibility in the public management and its relationship with ethics.

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GOD’S LOVE FOR HUMANITY – IN MUSIC

Author(s): Petruţa-Maria Măniuţ / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2008

We have witnessed the most accurate artistic expression of the religious feelings, namely the deepest type of love “which never falls away”, God’s love for His creatures. Most of the musicians dared to express their love for God artistically, by means of musical masterpieces, but not every composer could define himself as a creative witness of this very personal and uncovered aspect.

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Du mythe à la critique sociale dans Les Sosies de Jean de Rotrou

Author(s): Diana-Adriana Lefter / Language(s): French / Issue: 07/2010

Notre travail propose une analyse de la présence et de l’exploitation du mythe dans la comédie Les Sosies de Jean de Rotrou. Considéré le quatrième grand classique français, Rotrou trouve sa source d’inspiration dans l’Amphitryon de Plaute et propose une exploitation peu novatrice de la matière mythique de la pièce sus-mentionnée; pourtant, la pièce de Rotrou a le grand mérite de mobiliser le savoir mythologique du récepteur, aspect qui la fait souvent difficilement décodable par le lecteur/spectateur moderne. Classique par le modèle textuel abordé – prologue suivi de cinq actes – et dans la manière aristotélicienne de classification des personnages mythologiques – dieux, héros, humains – cette “pièce de cour” de Rotrou touche, même si timidement, le problème de la critique sociale, notamment la rivalité de classe qui commence à se faire sentir dans la société française du XVIIe siècle, se montrant par cela une anticipation de la plus critique Amphitryon de Molière.

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Popularyzacja lektur szkolnych na portalach społecznościowych na przykładzie strony Kamienie na szaniec na portalu Facebook

Author(s): Sylwia Polcyn,Anna Michniuk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3/2014

There has always been a lot of controversy over the list of obligatory school books. It may cause many ambivalent and negative emotions, especially among students. Today some of the new applications can change this situation. The social media like Facebook can help because of books' fanpages, which are created on social media sites. The article presents how teachers can use books fanpages and social media on Polish lessons. The authors referred to the fanpage of „Kamienie na szaniec” written by Aleksander Kamiński and methods which were used by one of the Polish teachers during lessons about „Wesele” written by Stanisław Wyspiański.

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