Glasul Minorităţilor. La Voix des Minorités. Die Stimme der Minderheiten. 1933-01+02
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In preparation for the military operation against Ukraine, Russia intensified its disinformation efforts against that country and Western states. By attributing responsibility for the escalation of the situation in the Donbas to the Ukrainian armed forces and accusing them of genocide, Russia has sought to fabricate a justification for its decision to recognise the statehood of the self-proclaimed republics and the subsequent launch of its “special military operation”. The Russian invasion has been accompanied by further disinformation activities aimed at the Ukrainian public, NATO, the EU, and their member states. The aim is to create an image of Ukraine as a failed state that is unable to defend its citizens and lacks the support of the West. An increase in the intensity of Russian disinformation activities against Poland, NATO, and the EU should be expected.
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China has supported Russia during its aggression against Ukraine but is not satisfied with the results of the operation. It describes the invasion as a legitimate response to Russia’s security concerns related to NATO enlargement. China’s support for Russia, although sometimes ambiguous, results from the priority on strategic cooperation between the two countries aimed at undermining the interests of the United States and its partners, both in Europe and in the Indo-Pacific.
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On 28 February, the fifth day of Russian military operations in Ukraine began. From the beginning of Russia’s attack on Ukraine, the fiercest battles have been in the north and southeast of the country. The clear goal of the Russian troops is to capture Kyiv and cut off Ukraine from the Azov and Black seas. So far, the armed forces of Ukraine have managed to keep the largest cities under their control.
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In response, first to Russia’s recognition of the independence of the so-called “People's Republics” in Donbas and then to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the United States has introduced a range of sanctions and restrictions. The goal of the U.S. authorities is to punish Russia for this offensive and at the same time to provide aid to Ukraine, including military and humanitarian aid. The U.S. also increased its military presence in Europe, including on NATO’s Eastern Flank. The U.S. is coordinating its actions with the EU and the G7 countries.
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Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has prompted many of the latter country’s citizens to seek a safe haven in EU territory. The massive influx of refugees is a challenge for the reception systems of the countries bordering Ukraine and a test of pan-European solidarity. It requires ad hoc mobilisation, but also a return to the discussion on broad reform of the EU’s migration and asylum policy.
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Moldova unequivocally condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine and declared its readiness to help refugees. The authorities of the separatist Transnistria, bordering Ukraine, have assured of their peaceful intentions. However, the Russian troops stationed on its territory are beyond their control, which raises concerns that the area may be drawn into the war. Moldova has little to give to support the EU and U.S. actions towards Russia and may need help itself. Poland and its partners from the EU and NATO can help bolster Moldova’s defence and crisis management capabilities.
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In response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Germany initiated major changes in its approach to Russia, both in security and defence policy and in energy policy. At an extraordinary session of the Bundestag on Sunday (27 February), the German Chancellor announced a five-point plan in response to the historic “turning point” marked by what he called “Putin’s war”: (1) continuing political, financial, economic, and humanitarian support for Ukraine and examining the possibility of further supporting it with military equipment, (2) sanctions, (3) fulfilling alliance commitments, (4) investing in security, and (5) ensuring the energy supply.
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On 1 March, Prime Ministers Mateusz Morawiecki and Boris Johnson met in Warsaw. The leaders reaffirmed their support for Ukraine in the face of the Russian invasion and announced the continuation of aid efforts. So far, the United Kingdom has introduced extensive sanctions and strengthened its military presence on NATO’s Eastern Flank. Nonetheless, the effectiveness of its actions will depend on further coordination of efforts with Poland and other allies.
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Russia has already been hit hard by the sanctions imposed for its aggression against Ukraine. They affect especially the rouble exchange rate and the banking sector. In the longer term, the sanctions will limit Russia’s economic development, including by reducing foreign trade and investment. The effectiveness of the restrictions will largely depend on identifying and limiting the possibility of circumventing them.
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In response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Hungary in principle limits its reaction to adopting EU and NATO decisions. However, the Hungarian government has not taken any actions to sanction Russia on the bilateral level. It does not support Ukraine with equipment and it has announced that it will not allow the EU to deliver “deadly weapons” through its territory. Hungarian state media is repeating Russian disinformation. Russia takes advantage of Hungary’s attitude to indicate divisions in the West over the war in Ukraine.
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President Emmanuel Macron strongly condemned Russia’s aggression against Ukraine and called on Russian President Vladimir Putin to end the military operation immediately. Macron expressed solidarity with Ukraine and announced cooperation with partners and international allies to end the war. From the beginning of the invasion, France has consistently supported the expansion of the scope of sanctions imposed on Russia. If Macron is re-elected in April, he will strive even more to build a European superpower, although with the need to coordinate actions between the EU and NATO.
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