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The first book of Biblical Hermeneutics written in the West (380 AD) has the signature of a Christian Donatist from the African environment. Tyconius’ name remained in the history of Biblical Hermeneutics strictly related to the comment that was dedicated to him by Saint Augustine in De doctrina christiana (III, 30-37), subsequently assumed also by the Medieval exegesis. The original book, written by Tyconius in Latin, was published only at the end of 19th century, due to the endeavour of the English researcher F.C. Burkitt, interested especially in the restoration of the Latin Scripture. The first complete translation into a modern language – an English version of W.S. Babcock – dates from 1989, while the studies of the tyconian hermeneutical precepts are still in progress. Our study aims to take a first step in the reception and analysis of the Tyconius’ hermeneutics in Romanian culture.
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As an important representative of the emerging Christian Theology, Tertulian is famous for his particular way of dealing with some specific themes of the Christian kerygma: Trinity, Salvation, Church, Scriptures. In this paper I’m underlining his opinion on violence and warfare as one of the most Bible-minded perspective on the issue. His disagreement with the political suported violence in the form of warfare is very important from de perspective of the future developments of the issue in the post-constantinian Fathers. This means that finally, the interpretation of the Church concerning the theology of peace cannot be simply identified with Terullian’s perspective as the situation of the Church itself changed during the ages to follow.
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The present study brings to the forefront the moment of the iconoclast crisis, a dark period for the history of religious images in the East, which, after many persecutions directed towards the ones who were worshiping the icons ended with the “Triumph of Orthodoxy” and the preparation of the famous Synodicon, the official document which glorifies the restoration of the cult of icons. Indeed, of all the cultural and Christian expressing ways – Latin, Syriac, Egyptian or Armenian – the Byzantine is the only one where the art becomes inseparable from theology. The disputes during the VIII and IX centuries showed that in the light of Incarnation art cannot have neuter function, but it is called upon to express liturgically the faith of Church.
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This study tries to analyse the derivatives of the concept δικαιοσύνη using either philological, exegetical and theological dimensions of the etimon. In the Old Testament, δικαιοσύνη is synonymous with the concept of “making justice”, and in the ancient greek literature, dresses an adjectival value meaning “righteousness, proper behavior”. The concept brings light on new dimensions into the New Testament area, emphasizing pauline theology, where δικαιοσύνη is the action of God through man, reaching it to he’s aristocratical dignity, the one of God’s Image.
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The knowledge of Russia’s Soviet past has advanced following the partial opening of archives in early 1990s. Ever since, the Russian historical discourse has developed in three main areas: politics, science, and education. The article assesses the role the professional historians are assigned to in the shaping of the historical memory in Putin’s Russia and in constructing the new Russian identity through the redefining of Russia’s Soviet past. It exemplifies this process through a biographical study of Alexander Chubaryan, the regime’s prominent historian.
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This paper examines how the Kameradenkreis der Gebirgstruppe (Mountain Troops Association), one of the last significant German associations of World War II veterans, has dealt with the war crimes perpetrated by the Nazi Wehrmacht. It focuses on the reaction of the Kameradenkreis to a protest campaign organized by antifascist groups and various civic initiatives in Mittenwald, Bavaria, from 2002 to 2009. One of the main aims of the protesters was to disrupt traditional meetings of the former as well as active soldiers to commemorate fallen “comrades” at the Mountain Troops’ Memorial near Mittenwald. The meetings were seen as a symbol of the surviving “tradition of perpetrators.” The study analyzes how the leaders of the Kameradenkreis have changed their attitudes towards the Wehrmacht war crimes.
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The period of the 1960s and 1970s saw profound changes in the Federal Republic of Germany’s Ostpolitik and the cultural diplomacy. Using the methods of political history, this paper analyzes the interconnections between these two significant policy reforms. It answers the following research questions: How did the rivalry between the FRG and the GDR influence the reforms in West German cultural diplomacy? How did this reform change the basis of cultural relations of the FRG towards the GDR? Finally, how did the GDR react to these changes? This study aims to conceptualize the intra-German cultural relations in the period of the Cold War as a dynamic process. It offers not only a historical comparison, but also an analysis of the multiple interrelations and mutual influence linking West and East Germany.
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