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DEVELOPMENT OF NEW ECONOMY AND HUMAN CAPITAL

Author(s): Emília Krajňáková,Sergej Vojtovič / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: Innovations; new economy; human capital; economic and social changes.

Civilizational changes taking place in the second half of 20th century (predominantly 70s and 80s) have been called within the professional communication as a welfare society, post-industrial society, and “third wave” etc. The attention has shifted from the society to the economy during the 90s, and these basic changes in the social development began to be explained through such economic terms as “knowledge economy” or “new economy”. This study analyses historical, technological, economic and social conditions present during the above mentioned period, when the need for innovations arose; and it also looks into the influence of these innovations on the economic development and on the process of forming of knowledge and new economy

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Trial of hopelessness theory by the use of modelling. New psychometric data on the Hopelessness Depression Symptom Questionnaire

Author(s): Mihai Marian / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2012

Keywords: hopelessness; life experiences; attributional style; negative emotion

The hopelessness theory claims the existence of hopelessness depression, a subtype of depression which supposedly has a characteristic causal profile, a set of symptoms and a certain course. The study analyses from an experimental point of view the Hopelessness Depression Symptom Questionnaire (HDSQ; Metalsky & Joiner, 1997) on the Romanian population and it also establishes its psychometric parameters. The results of factorial analysis in the case of the 315 participants support the initial factors of the HDSQ but they also reflect a distinct symptom of hopelessness depression. Diathesis-stress results, explained by the means of structural equation modelling, confirm the theoretic hypotheses issued by Abramson, Metalsky, and Alloy (1989) regarding the onset of depression. We confirm the efficiency of the HDSQ as a clinical instrument for the evaluation of hopelessness depression and the hopelessness theory of depression.

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Social and psychological implications of bullying in schools

Author(s): Teodora Chirilă / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2012

Keywords: literature review; bullying; group influence; social and psychological consequences; school environment

The aim of the present article is to emphasize social and psychological implications of bullying in school contexts. In order to accomplish this aim, 10 articles were reviewed. Psychological consequences of young students experiencing bullying in schools are discussed from a social psychology framework of group influence in shaping individual’s own personality development. Also this article answers the question: Can bullying be seen as a disfunctional group phenomenon?

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Romanian adaptation of the Satisfaction With Life Scale

Author(s): Iuliana Lambru ,Andreea Butucescu ,Lavinia Uscătescu ,Petru-Mădălin Constantinescu,Cristina Gabriela Sandu ,Michael J. Stevens / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2012

Keywords: subjective well-being; Satisfaction with Life Scale; test adaptation

Quality of life and well-being are key ingredients of mental health. There are several conceptual models and derivative measures of well-being. Subjective well-being is, perhaps, the most prominent perspective on well-being, with the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) constructed in line with this perspective. Regrettably, the SWLS has not been adapted for use in scientific research and applied practice in Romania. In our initial study, we translated the SWLS using transliteration and back-translation procedures, and tested the equivalence of Romanian and English versions of the SWLS with the bilingual retest technique. In our second study, we established some of the psychometric properties of the Romanian SWLS, including its factor structure. Preliminary results revealed high test-retest and internal consistency reliability, convergent validity, and a single factor similar to that found in other cross-cultural adaptations of the SWLS. Future research will entail further examination of the psychometric properties of the Romanian SWLS and the development of national norms so that the instrument can be used in research and practice.

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Adaptation study of the student version of the general Procrastination Inventory on the romanian population

Author(s): Gabriel Roşeanu ,Mihai Marian / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2012

Keywords: procrastination scale; exploratory factor analysis; confirmatory factor analysis

Procrastination is defined as an irrational tendency to delay the beginning and/or completion of different tasks. In the present study we focused on validating the student version of the Procrastination Inventory, developed by Lay (1986), on the Romanian population. A sample of 125 first year students participated in the study. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicated that from the original 20 items only 13 were adequate for the Romanian population. Two negatively correlated factors were obtained and identified as assignment procrastination and general promptness.

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Personality traits and psychopathological factors with predictive value for delinquent behavior

Author(s): Radiana Marcu,Delia Podea,Diana Chisăliţă,Anca Mustea / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2012

Keywords: delinquency; conduct disorder; personality; psychopathology; prevention

There is a wide range of studies linking Eysenck’s model of personality with delinquency. Nevertheless, the results are contradictory and less well documented for adolescents. In this paper we aim to explore the link between the personality traits of the Big-Five model and the presence of a conduct disorder. In order to develop efficient prevention programs for delinquent behavior, we also realized a regression analysis in order to identify significant predictors for conduct disorder. The results obtained for 266 subjects with delinquent and non-delinquent behavior confirm some of the results in the literature, emphasizing the importance of a reduced consciousness and high emotional instability for the development of a conduct disorder. Other significant predictors for conduct disorder proved to be: social problems, thinking problems, rule braking and aggressive behavior.

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Teachers’ attitude toward the concept of discrimination and its effects in reality

Author(s): Carmen Popa,Simona Laurian,Laura Bochiş / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2012

Keywords: discrimination; minority group

The purpose of this study was to identify the opinion regarding discrimination of 50 teachers that are working in public schools, from different backgrounds (both urban and rural). The questionnaire we created for this study refers to aspects connected to the fundamental opinion regarding discrimination of the targeted group and also to different activities that take place in different schools regarding the integration of every minority group of children into collectivity, regardless of their ethnicity, their race, or their religious beliefs. The results obtained proof an insufficient correspondence between the subjects’ opinions regarding discrimination and the concrete measures they take for reducing the actual discrimination among children.

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