XXI a. pradžios lietuvių tarm<ės: geolingvistinis ir sociolingvistinis tyrimas. Žemėlapiai ir jų komentarai, red. D. Mikulėnienė, V. Meiliūnaitė,

XXI a. pradžios lietuvių tarmės: geolingvistinis ir sociolingvistinis tyrimas. Žemėlapiai ir jų komentarai, red. D. Mikulėnienė, V. Meiliūnaitė,

Author(s): Mirosław Jankowiak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 39/2015

Keywords: dialectology; Lithuanian dialectology; geolinguistics

This text is a review of the Lithuanian language monumental work entitled XXI a. pradžios lietuvi tarmės: geolingvistinis ir sociolingvistinis tyrimas. Žemėlapiai ir ju komentarai published in Vilnius in 2014. It is the result of long-lasting studies by famous linguists conducting research on the Lithuanian dialects, on the Polish language of the Northern Borderlands and on the Belarusian and Russian languages in Lithuania. The publication presents some theoretical aspects of contemporary dialectological research in Lithuania, geolinguistic research in Lithuania, geolinguistic situation of the Lithuanian dialects in the 21 century and the optimisation of the eld study points, description of other languages and dialects spoken in Lithuania (the Polish and Russian languages, the Belarusian dialects) and the dynamics of dialectal changes. The publication under review is of paramount importance for the Lithuanian dialectology – not only enormous and valuable dialectal material was collected but also its professional linguistic analysis was carried out.

Baltu valodu atlants. Leksika 1: Flora, red. D. Mikulėnienė, A. Stafecka, Vilnius: Lietuvių kalbos institutas,

Baltu valodu atlants. Leksika 1: Flora, red. D. Mikulėnienė, A. Stafecka, Vilnius: Lietuvių kalbos institutas,

Author(s): Mirosław Jankowiak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 39/2015

Keywords: Baltic languages and dialects; lexicon; dialectal atlases

This text is a review of the work entitled Baltu valodu atlants. Leksika 1: Flora (Eng. Atlas of the Baltic Languages. Lexis 1: Flora), published in Vilnius in 2013. The publication was prepared by linguists from the Institute of Latvian Language and the Institute of Lithuanian Language. The Atlas presents vocabulary from the second part of the 20th century on the territory of Latvia and Lithuania and partly second part of the 20th century on the territory of Latvia and Lithuania and partly of Belarus and Poland. e authors prepared 46 maps and descriptions of 26 words (connected with ora), which showed di erent phonetic variants of derivatives, linguistic parallels between the Latvian and Lithuanian dialects (lexical, semantic, geographical) and common Slavic-Baltic zone of interference.

Irena Maryniakowa, Dorota K. Rembiszewska, Janusz Siatkowski, Różnojėzyczne s ownictwo gwarowe Podlasia, Suwalszczyzny i północno-wschodniego Mazowsza

Irena Maryniakowa, Dorota K. Rembiszewska, Janusz Siatkowski, Różnojėzyczne s ownictwo gwarowe Podlasia, Suwalszczyzny i północno-wschodniego Mazowsza

Author(s): Michał Głuszkowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 39/2015

Keywords: dialects; Podlaskie voivodship; language contact; multilingual dictionary

The monograph »Różnojėzyczne s ownictwo gwarowe Podlasia, Suwalszczyzny i pó nocno-wschodniego Mazowsza« is a result of an innovative, holistic approach in lexicography. e authors are not interested in separate languages, but in a specified linguistic area as a whole. e contact of Polish, Lithuanian and Eastern-Slavonic dialects in North East Poland lasts several centuries and it is impossible to set the borders between these codes. us, the holistic approach is the best theoretical solution in question.

In Memoriam Prof. Mladen Jovanović, Ph. D.

In Memoriam Prof. Mladen Jovanović, Ph. D.

Author(s): Vladimir Ž. Jovanović / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2014

THE FUNCTIONING MECHANISM OF ATTRIBUTIVE METONYMY IN ENGLISH FICTIONAL DISCOURSE

THE FUNCTIONING MECHANISM OF ATTRIBUTIVE METONYMY IN ENGLISH FICTIONAL DISCOURSE

Author(s): Elena V. Anashkina,Olimpiada F. Ivanova / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: attributive metonymy; discourse; contiguity; syntagmatic shift; asymmetric relations; recategorization; conceptual integration; mental space

This paper deals with discursive attributive metonymy. This linguistic phenomenon is clearly opposed to lexical metonymy as it occurs only in discourse and as such has some distinguishing features: non-frequency, denotation of a situation, semantic discord between the modifier and the modified noun and expressiveness. This research attempts to provide a comprehensive analysis of the functioning mechanism of discursive attributive metonymy. The findings reveal that metonymic transferences in adjectives are based on different types of contiguity between objects and their attributes and in some cases such contiguity is contextually determined. The functioning mechanism involves asymmetric relations between syntactic and semantic functions of an attribute and a syntagmatic shift. Also, in attributive metonymy there is recategorization, i.e. adjectives sometimes change their lexico-grammatical class. In terms of cognitive linguistics, the functioning mechanism is based on the mapping of different mental spaces resulting in conceptual integration and blending. In fictional discourse attributive metonymy is a means to create new occasional meanings and expressiveness.

ETHOS IN TED TALKS: THE ROLE OF CREDIBILITY IN POPULARISED TEXTS

ETHOS IN TED TALKS: THE ROLE OF CREDIBILITY IN POPULARISED TEXTS

Author(s): Giuseppina Scotto di Carlo / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: TED talks; Credibility; Scientists-Audience interaction; Communicative competence; Popularisation; Knowledge Dissemination

This paper investigates the importance of credibility in TED (Technology, Entertainment, Design) talks, which are popularising speeches aiming at Knowledge Dissemination. Drawing upon Gili’s (2013) theory on credibility, which grounds credibility on the three roots of knowledge, affectivity, and shared values, this work analyses how credibility is established in this new tool of popularisation that breaches the typical ‘scientist-mediator-audience’ triangularisation, bringing scientists directly into contact with their audiences. Through the analysis of the use of personal stories and anecdotes, familiar language, visuals, exemplifications, and reference to everyday life, this study shows how these techniques are used by TED speakers to establish on-the-spot trustworthiness by appealing to emotions and values, revealing that in this genre of popularisation, credibility is achieved more through trustworthiness and similarity, connected to Gili’s normative and affective roots of credibility, than through authority and reputation due to mere knowledge. The work further suggests that the success of these talks depends on how the speakers are listened to, remembered, and perceived as credible promoters of knowledge dissemination, but also on how they contribute to the audience’s approach to science, not as something distant and separate, but as a heritage belonging to both professionals and layperson.

THE N1 V (N2) (TO-)INFINITIVE CONSTRUCTION IN ENGLISH IN VIEW OF THE CLOSENESS IS STRENGTH OF EFFECT METAPHOR

THE N1 V (N2) (TO-)INFINITIVE CONSTRUCTION IN ENGLISH IN VIEW OF THE CLOSENESS IS STRENGTH OF EFFECT METAPHOR

Author(s): Vladan Pavlović / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: to-infinitive; bare infinitive; meaning-based approach to syntax; conceptual metaphor; metaphor giving meaning to linguistic form

The paper analyses the examples such as I helped them to carry the load / I helped them carry the load, I knew it to be untrue / I've not known anything like this happen in the College before, I saw him to be obnoxious / I saw him cross the street, etc., namely those in which one and the same main lexical verb, as well as, in some cases, the N2 element, are followed by either a full or a bare infinitive, with a consequent change in meaning (cf. also I helped them to carry the load by having my secretary get them a cart and *I helped them carry the load by having my secretary get them a cart). While this change in meaning has been aptly analyzed in sources such as Wierzbicka 1988, Dixon 1991 [2005] or Duffley 1992, the paper puts forward the view that those analyses, all of which employ a meaning-based approach to syntax (just as this paper does), may also felicitously and insightfully be approached via the CLOSENESS IS STRENGTH OF EFFECT metaphor posited in Lakoff / Johnson 1980, i.e. in terms of a metaphor that attempts to make a link between the form of a sentence as it is conceived of spatially, on the one hand, and its meaning, on the other hand.

THE DIFFÉRENED IN PAUL AUSTER’S CITY OF GLASS: A LYOTARDIAN APPROACH

THE DIFFÉRENED IN PAUL AUSTER’S CITY OF GLASS: A LYOTARDIAN APPROACH

Author(s): Nasser Maleki,Mohammad-Javad Haj’jari / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2015

Keywords: Différend; City of Glass; Duty; Justice; Lyotard; Language Game

Postulating on Quinn and the Stillmans’ state of dissipation at theend of Auster’s City of Glass, one can align it with what Lyotard dubs as astate of différend. Lyotard defines différend as a state of clash between twoparties over the distribution of justice which is conventionally made through metanarratives.Since the concept of justice, in Lyotard’s view, has always been in such a waythat there is always justice to one party and injustice to the other one,Lyotard holds that there can be no true justice. Hence Lyotard claims that the appropriatestate of justice in such a condition is the différend, a state of the sublime,of simultaneous pleasure and pain, in which there is no resolution for eitherparty and the clash is always on the run. Extrapolating on this issue, thispaper argues that Quinn and the Stillmans are left in such a state at the endof Auster’s City of Glass, and it is in accordance with the inability oflanguage to signify or to convey meaning effectively as presented by Auster.Quinn develops madness, a consequence of his pain over his identity crisis,while merging as a “Private eye” in the urban world of his pleasure; StillmanSr, suffering the corrupt state of language, finds pleasure and relief in committingsuicide; and Virginia and Peter just vanish, their pleasure or pain being unrepresented,since there is no medium of articulation for their rights. The findings pointto the incommensurability of justice among and specific to these characters alongwith the inability of language to convey any meaning which highlights the stateof the différend that Auster presents. The case remains open as neither party achievesan appropriate justice. Their final disappearance hints to their unpresentablepresences or final painful pleasures.

THE AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL DISCOURSE IN AUTOBIOGRAPHY BY MARKO CEPENKOV

THE AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL DISCOURSE IN AUTOBIOGRAPHY BY MARKO CEPENKOV

Author(s): Jovanka Denkova / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2015

Keywords: autobiography; autobiographical discourse; Marko Cepenkov; Macedonian literature

This paper explores the question of autobiographical discourse in the work "Аutobiography" by Marko Cepenkov. Firstly, we will determine the basic theoretical settings according to which a text can be said to be autobiographical or it contains autobiographical elements. Then, we will specifically indicate the presence of the explicit and implicit techniques or elements in certain works that are used by the author in addition to which his work can be called an "autobiographical text". Even though his theoretical model will be used, in the same time the inconsistencies in this model will be indicated as well as its modification in the literary works of autobiographical discourse. In that context, the "Autobiography" by Marko Cepenkov will be reviewed, in which, joining the private and the socially-public, depicted through the whole relevant Balkan situation in that time, he created a specific autobiographical – biographical discourse of memoirs. In that manner, the uncertain theoretical status of autobiography will be confirmed, the previous definition of autobiography as "dogmatic" will be unmasked and a notion that autobiography cannot be seen isolated from the other genres will be created, i.e. the existence of hybrid genres will be confirmed.

TOWARDS MONTENEGRO: A LAND OF GIANTS AND PANTHERS

TOWARDS MONTENEGRO: A LAND OF GIANTS AND PANTHERS

Author(s): Marija Krivokapić,Neil Diamond / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2015

Keywords: Montenegro; history; travel writing; fiction; tourism

This paper problematizes the caricatural presence of Montenegro on the symbolical map of travellers from the contemporary Anglophone world. To depict the contours of this paradoxical presence, we propose a brief look at the romantic image of the country developed in the last two centuries. While avoiding politicizing, essentializing, and self-stigmatization, we conclude that the absence of the country as a real historical, socio-political, and cultural complexity has been conditioned by its long and manifold isolation. We provide examples from travel writing, tourist and media representations, fiction, and film. Our analysis mostly relies on authorities on the travel-writing genre.

MEDIATION AND DECONSTRUCTION OF BINARY HIERARCHY IN ARAVIND ADIGA’S THE WHITE TIGER

MEDIATION AND DECONSTRUCTION OF BINARY HIERARCHY IN ARAVIND ADIGA’S THE WHITE TIGER

Author(s): Marija Knežević / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2015

Keywords: Aravind Adiga; binary hierarchy; mediation; deconstruction

The paper discusses binary opposition, one of the most explored concepts in post-colonial criticism, as used in The White Tiger (2008) – Aravind Adiga’s debut novel placed, due to its topic as well as the issues it raises, in the tradition of post-colonial literature. Since the binary theory was first used by the movement of structuralism, and later developed by the famous post-structuralist and post-colonial theorist Jacques Derrida, the aim of this paper will be to implement the structuralist concept of binary opposites, as well as Derida’s binary theory, on the novel. The paper explores the mediation as the means of overcoming the polarities, indicated by the structuralist theorist Claude Lévi-Strauss, as well as the deconstruction of the hierarchy created by the system of opposites, suggested by Derrida’s theory. In addition to analyzing the primary binary concept, it also explores the parallel secondary analogies which serve to reinforce and further contrast the polarities, as well as their role in the novel. The findings will reveal that the exploration of binary oppositions in literature can benefit in deciphering messages which may sometimes appear too abstract to apprehend: since contexts usually generate their own semantic systems, we can tremendously benefit from interpreting the system of oppositions and demystifying their semantic value.

Enoch Oladé Aboh, Maria Teresa Guasti, Ian Roberts (eds.) Locality

Enoch Oladé Aboh, Maria Teresa Guasti, Ian Roberts (eds.) Locality

Author(s): Sabina Halupka-Rešetar / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2015

This volume represents a collection of eleven papers dealing with the concept of locality in syntactic theory. The chapters, authored by fifteen eminent generative linguists, explore this key concept in linguistic theorizing, relating to the line of research Luigi Rizzi has pursued for three and a half decades. Various issues pertaining to locality are explored crosslinguistically and in both syntactic and psycholinguistic terms, which makes the present volume an extremely rich and useful reference book both for students and scholars working in the domains of linguistic theory, generative

THE EFFECTS OF EU ENLARGEMENT IN EMPIRICAL MODELS

THE EFFECTS OF EU ENLARGEMENT IN EMPIRICAL MODELS

Author(s): Ivan B. Marković / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: accession process; EU; accession effects; Cecchini report; empirical models of accession

The literature devoted to the EU often points out its hybrid side, which is in the process of constant transformation. The process is comprehensive, in the economic, political, military and safety domain. This complex task is not timed, because it is considered a process and not a one-time act. The original idea that social changes have evolutive development and need time to become quality changes is not abandoned. Although today's EU environment is drastically changed compared to the late fifties of the last century, the main reasons for a country to join the EU have remained virtually the same. All of these reasons basically refer to the same aspirations of potential candidate countries for membership: economic, political, safety, cultural and others. Possession of an appropriate macroeconomic model and relatively useful statistical data is a conditio sine qua non of a successful analysis of the benefit and the cost of joining the EU.

NEW ORGANIZATIONAL FORMS SUPPORTED BY THE INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY: THE CASE OF SERBIAN ICT INDUSTRY

NEW ORGANIZATIONAL FORMS SUPPORTED BY THE INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY: THE CASE OF SERBIAN ICT INDUSTRY

Author(s): Mirjana Petković,Jelena Lukić Nikolić / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: Organizational forms; new organizational forms; information and communication technologies

In today’s business environment which is constantly changing, organizations are faced with the imperative to build their competitive advantage through reshaping existing resources and capabilities and through creating new ones. Therefore, organizational design has been imposed as an important factor in the business success of the modern company. There are many examples that traditional organizational forms have experienced transformation: they have moved from organizational forms toward new organizational forms. It has also turned out that the basic support for this transition was the introduction of the information and communication technology (ICT) in companies’ operations. Consequently, ICT companies, as the most advanced companies, have become the leaders in introducing the new organizational forms in their functioning and facilitate introduction of new organizational forms in other organizations. In this sense, the aim of this paper is to present new organizational forms based on ICT and, on the example of the ICT industry in Serbia, to show how ICT supports their implementation. Special attention will be put on the advantages which new organization forms generate in terms of flexibility and integration of creative potentials, but some disadvantages will be analyzed as well.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMWORK FOR UNDERSTANDING THE INFLUENCE OF EFFICIENT PROTECTION OF PRIVATE PROPERTY RIGHTS ON ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY

CONCEPTUAL FRAMWORK FOR UNDERSTANDING THE INFLUENCE OF EFFICIENT PROTECTION OF PRIVATE PROPERTY RIGHTS ON ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY

Author(s): Vladan Ivanović / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: private property rights; formal institutions; economic efficiency; imperfect political institutions; economic history

Property rights represent one of the most significant structural determiners of efficiency in economic system. Regarding this fact, their content influences the institutional, legal and distribuitive sphere, their effect on economic performances in national economy is complex and substantial. Specific characteristics related to social and economic characteristics of a right holder, making adequate incentives, more complete evaluation, their individuality, exclusivity and free tranferability, combinatory effect, specialisation, productivity, social compactness and organizational complexity, caused private property rights to influence considerable economic potential. Mechanisms for achieving that refer to enabling trade, boosting market and competition forces, reduction of transaction costs and providing adequate motivation for economic agents. Imperfection of political process and the resulting political institutions represent the main causes of inefficient protection and enforcement of private property rights. Specific historical experiencies in developing different national economies distinctly confirm their indesputable characteristics in making national economy to work efficiently and in providing high level of long term economic development and growth.

ANALYSIS OF SERBIAN INNOVATION POTENTIAL IN THE PERIOD 2009-2012

ANALYSIS OF SERBIAN INNOVATION POTENTIAL IN THE PERIOD 2009-2012

Author(s): Slobodan Cvetanović,Danijela Despotović,Vladimir Nedić,Vojislav Ilić / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: innovation; innovation inputs; innovation outputs; innovation efficiency

In this paper a review of significance of country’s innovation potential for its economic growth and development is displayed first. Afterwards, positions and values of the global innovation index for the top 25 most innovative economies, for Serbia and for selected countries from its surroundings, for the period from 2009 to 2012 have been displayed. In order to classify selected countries into two or more groups, based on their similarity according to innovation performances, cluster analysis is conducted. The relations between innovation inputs and innovation outputs have been studied on the example of selected groups of countries (the group of European innovative leaders and Serbia with neighboring countries) through the correlation analysis.

CREATIVE ACCOUNTING AND CASH FLOWS REPORTING

CREATIVE ACCOUNTING AND CASH FLOWS REPORTING

Author(s): Tadija Đukić,Miloš Pavlović / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2014

Keywords: financial reporting; creative accounting; cash flows; operating activities

Financial reporting system has been developed to provide reliable information for its users. However, regardless of how much is striving that financial reporting system provides quality information, yet there are certain circumstances that can lead to misleading financial statements. The occurrence of irregularities is affected by the following factors: complex economic reality, the accounting policies and estimates, participants in the process of financial statements preparation and presentation, specific processes within the recognition and measurement of specific positions in financial statements etc. Creative accounting is performed transformation of the financial statements of what is really and what the subject want to show using the existing rules and/or ignoring some of them. It can affect the amount of reported profit, the amount of reported net assets and the amount of reported net cash flows from operating activities. In this paper, the term creative accounting will be used for labeling of accounting acts made in order to present the desired and not the real picture of cash flows from operating activities.

SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF INTERNAL AUDIT AND LEAN-SIX SIGMA CONCEPT ON BUSINESS PROCESS IMPROVEMENT

SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF INTERNAL AUDIT AND LEAN-SIX SIGMA CONCEPT ON BUSINESS PROCESS IMPROVEMENT

Author(s): Milica Đorđević,Bojana Novićević Čečević / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2014

Keywords: internal audit; lean-six sigma; process improvement

Faced with a series of challenges within the environment in which they operate, companies are more than ever aware of the fact that efforts aimed at improving business processes are some of the basic conditions, not only of growth and development, but also of the survival of the company. Only in this way can the opportunities for achieving different dimensions of competitiveness be created (in terms of costs, quality, delivery reliability, speed of monitoring the changes in demand, introduction of new products, etc.). Business process improvement can be implemented with the support of a number of concepts, among them being lean-six sigma. However, the great potential in this regard also lies in internal audit. In this regard, this paper will first discuss the essence and assumptions underlying the internal audit and lean-six sigma concept, and then review the possibilities of their integration in order to achieve better results.

MULTI-CRITERIA METHODS AND MODELS FOR DECISION MAKING IN PUBLIC PROCUREMENT

MULTI-CRITERIA METHODS AND MODELS FOR DECISION MAKING IN PUBLIC PROCUREMENT

Author(s): Ivana Veselinović / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2014

Keywords: Supplier selection; Analytic Hierarchy Process; Multi-criteria decision making; Public procurement; Criteria Weights

Selection of the best supplier in the public procurement process is a typical example of a multi-criteria decision making problem. The purpose of this paper is to present possible approaches for weights determination in order to facilitate decision making in the public procurement process. Considering the fact that criteria weights can affect the final ranking of the alternatives it is very important to access the process of weights assigning with seriousness and responsibility. Adequately estimated weights reduce the possibility of abuse and fraud in the public procurement system. Determination of weights is done based on a subjective approach (Analytic Hierarchy Process).

COMPLEMENTARITY BETWEEN THE MARKET AND THE STATE AS A FACTOR OF MODERN MARKET ECONOMY EFFICACY: LESSONS FOR REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

COMPLEMENTARITY BETWEEN THE MARKET AND THE STATE AS A FACTOR OF MODERN MARKET ECONOMY EFFICACY: LESSONS FOR REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

Author(s): Vlastimir Leković / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2014

Keywords: market, state; coordination of economic activities; economic performance; complementarity between the market and the state

Market economy is explained as a system characterized by private ownership and self-regulating market mechanism which enables the coordination of the activities of the economic actors. A thesis that only private entrepreneurship ensures economic prosperity is developed based on this concept, given that economic growth is directly determined by the degree of freedom of economic agents. With no intention to challenge the role of the market mechanism, private entrepreneurship and economic freedom, the author, rather, aims to bring to attention the existence of objective factors which in terms of the functioning of modern market economies introduce the need to establish cohesion between the market and the state, as well as the relevant coordination and control mechanisms. This view is based on the experience of the most developed market economies which have achieved their development goals largely owing to an appropriate symbiosis and complementarity of the market and the state. Accordingly, the aim of the research is to, based on different theoretical concepts and economic reality of modern market economies, underline the necessity that the Republic of Serbia should face the reality regarding the creation of its economic system that both the market and the state would be more successful once the complementarity is established.