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Contribution to the research of Yugoslav military policy 1958-1961.

Прилог проучавању југословенске војне политике 1958–1961. године

Author(s): Ivan Laković / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3-4/2013

Keywords: Josip Broz Tito; Yugoslavia; USA; USSR; military aid, military policy

A new constellation of its international relations emerged from signed Balkan Pact with Greece and Turkey, de facto solved Trieste question, successful détente with USSR, and overall consolidation of country’s position in the region, allowed Yugoslav leadership to step out from the program of US’ military aid. Despite the fact that the mentioned program presented the only reliable source for modernization of Yugoslav armed forces, they judged its political price as too heavy. During the next three years, a material stagnation of the army was risked in order to achieve more balanced position between the blocks. Yugoslavia retained the close economic relations with West and continued the military cooperation with western countries on the commercial base, but also opened a door for the acquisition of the Soviet military equipment. Diversifying the directions of the most important international relations, Yugoslavia strengthened its middle position between the confronted blocks of powers, having been very careful not to endanger it by any kind of getting too close to any of them.

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NATIONAL POLITICS OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF YUGOSLAVIA 1918–1928: THE MONTENEGRIN QUESTION

НАЦИОНАЛНА ПОЛИТИКА КОМУНИСТИЧКЕ ПАРТИЈЕ ЈУГОСЛАВИЈЕ 1918–1928: ОТВАРАЊЕ ЦРНОГОРСКОГ ПИТАЊА

Author(s): Dušan Bojković / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3-4/2013

Keywords: Montenegro; Montenegrins; tribe; people (ethnic group), nation; Serbia; Serbs; Communist Party of Yugoslavia; Kingdom of Serbs; Croats and Slovenes; self-determination; hegemony; imperialism; revolution

Stimulated by the signals from the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, at beginning of the twenties, Yugoslav communists had begun revision of their stand on Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians. Primarily, during the years 1920 and 1921 the act of creation of unified state was stripped of its progressive character and the thesis about the supremacy of Serbian bourgeoisie in the country was adopted. During the debate about the Yugoslav issue, the idea of national unity of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes was declared as surpassed. As soon as the next year, the Macedonian issue was being observed in the context of national oppression of non- Serbian peoples in Vardar Macedonia. At the same time, demands in the spirit of the restoration of independence of Montenegro were brought up. Montenegrin national issue was opened during the twenties. However, except for the few columns in Party’s newspaper, it didn’t present an object of wider discussion within the CPY. At the Third Congress of the Party, in 1926, strengthening of the national movement in Montenegro was mentioned, but no clear stand was taken concerning the national difference of the people of Serbia and the people of Montenegro. By the adopting of the phrase ’’Montenegrin people’’, during the Fourth Congress of the CPY, in 1928, national identity of Montenegrins was completely affirmed.

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