Council for the Polish Language in the period 2015–2018 Activity report of the Society of Friends of the Polish Language in 2014, by Jakub Bobrowski Departments of the Society of Friends of the Polish Language Information for authors of papers sent to Język Polski Publishing novelties
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Keywords: Bakunin; revolution; anarchy; federalism; collectivism; Marxism; socialism of the 21sl century
The article is devoted to the views and activities of the outstanding social thinker Mikhail Bakunin. Bakunin - man three centuries. First, he was a brilliant representative of the 20th century - the century of philosophizing, barricades, romantic uprisings. Secondly, Bakunin predicted many of the phenomena of the twentieth century, such as social depth and breadth to the Russian revolutions and the basic features of totalitarian regimes. Thirdly, he created the project of a new society in which there will be neither capitalist nor state oppression, where will prevail friendly communication and self-government employees. 21st century raised questions about a new society, and futurologists have to reopen what Bakunin and others close to him theorists
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Keywords: Alexander Herzen; Mikhail Bakunin; freedom; anarchism; Hegel; act; negation; morality
The presented article is a comparative study of the output of the two 19th century Russian thinkers, Alexander Herzen and Mikhail Bakunin. The author indicates the similarities and differences between theoretical concepts elaborated by both of them, trying to prove - sometimes at odds with other scholars - that the views of Herzen and Bakunin reveal more convergence than divergence.
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Keywords: anarchism; state; creative works; freedom; evolution; revolution; globalization; humanity; ways of political thinking
The article contains general characteristics of M.A. Bakunin as a political thinker and a philosopher. The author of the essay considers Bakunin as a great thinker whose works contain certain prophecies, as a representative of ideas and processes relating to global integration of the human civilization, as an outstanding mouthpiece of revolution acted as an occasionally repeated phase of development in the historic human evolution. The article mentions that Bakunin's criticism carries danger to a person hided in the phenomenon of the state and finally contributes to the development of the state, its modernization and formation of bodies relating to institutes (i.e. law) protection, human rights and freedom. This criticism favoured working out some modern theoretical and constitutional doctrines, political institutions intended for the control of negative potential of the state and encouragement of its positive activity.
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Keywords: Bakunin; Italian theory; Bergson; negation; Aufhebung (sublation); difference; political theology; resistance; class
The ideas of Bakunin are usually dismissed as eclectic, unoriginal, and superficial. Post-anarchist philosophers, inspired by post-structuralism tend to neglect Bakunin's legacy and look to other anarchist classical thinkers, Max Stirner mostly. Those of contemporary anarchist writers who return to Bakunin to oppose post-anarchism, present „liberal" and „marxist" interpretations of his thought, both unconvincing. The aim of this paper is to show that Bakunin's philosophy has much more to offer, when given re-reading informed by the so-called Italian theory, and analysed in terms of combining dialectical (post-Hegelian) thinking of power and materialist, pluralist view of multiple points of resistance. Bakunin's thought is presented in the context of the political theology and class-oriented theory of exploitation.
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Keywords: does not exist
does not exist
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Keywords: philosophy; theory; practice; epistemology; Hegel; Marx; subject; object; ethosophy
The content of this dissertation is an examination of the Marx theory understood not as philosophy, but as a special way of describing reality in which it is not important only to interpret the world, but to change it. Such a position cannot be treated as a mere philosophy, because philosophy has always described the world from the observer point of view, while Marxism wants to be a member of the reality that is being known. And that is why it draw a completely new methodological perspective, in which the thing which seeks to know something become at once the thing that is being known. The author refers to his theoretical propositions laid out in the book Theses on ethosophy, where a similar perspective is being created
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Keywords: Karl Marx; Antonio Negri; socialization; real and formal socialization of property; productive labor; capital; capitalism; socialism
The article contains analysis of the problems associated with the translation of Karl Marx piece of work devoted to the real and formal socialization of property, real and formal submission of labor to capital in capitalism and the real and formal subordination of labor in the process of socialization of private property in a socialist society. In next part contemplated are the consequences of interpretating the productive labor as every kind of labor which takes part in the process of the accumulation of capital.
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Keywords: waste; capitalist formation; commodity; labour; exchange value; use value
The idea of waste is used by left thinking authors rather incidentally. In the text author tries to conceptualise category of waste and shows main critical moments when waste phenomenon is actualized. Hereby the idea of waste is introduced to left thought dictionary. Author underlines two main areas of waste in modern capitalism. First is commodity waste which is caused by too big supply and/or demand. Second is waste of labour force. It includes such phenomena as unemployment, house work and ineffective work. Author concludes that capitalism is wasteful economical system. Although we can not think abut systems that are not wasteful at all because it does not exist. We can analyse level of waste and its function. In capitalist society its function is maintenance of principle of profit and private property.
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Keywords: not available
not available
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Keywords: not available
not available
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Keywords: Bauman; socialism; contemporary; society; future; culture; counterculture; dignity
According to Prof. Zygmunt Bauman, the first and fundamental step towards a new social order should be instilling the public belief that the status quo can be negated. He highlights the lack of new ideas, not even any sense of direction when it comes to a search for new paradigms. He makes the public realize that the contemporary socialist thought is to advance further towards new horizons, the ones that remove restrictions which were imposed to counterculture by socialist capitalist era. Bauman considers the issue of finding answers to the following questions to be the most important challenge of the twenty-first century: where to get a new, better multiplanetary principles of social life that could be widely accepted and respected? Where to find their creators and implementors, those who know how to introduce the new creed to guide the humanity? Hypothesis that Bauman puts, is the claim that the future of socialism would be decided upon a cultural level. He puts an emphasis not so much on a formal change of ownership, but on new culture and new philosophy with different patterns of relationships
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Keywords: not available
not available
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Keywords: regional federalism; integral federalism; centralism; sovereignty; revolution
The subject of the following paper is the issue of federalism, which was absorbing Bakunin's attention since he met J. P. Proudhon - the 19th century creator of ideological foundations of federalism theory. One of the main components of Bakunin's doctrine was the concept of decentralisation. Projects of communities which were meant to work basing on the federalist principles were being opposed to growing centalisation of nation-states, additionally accused of cultural uniformisation, monopolising the power, destruction the social fabric and appropriation of regional commons. The link between religion and the institutions of the state was, in Bakunin's mind, clearly obvious, as he saw the religion as an ideological base of power and exploitation apparatus. The paper clashes two different models of federalism. Both - the theory of intrastate decentralisation and federalism as a model for peaceful European integration - are opposed to state-sovereignty theory. Both of them are visibly incoherent with 19,h century origins of federalist idea, which inspired Bakunin.
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Keywords: shame; personality
Shame is treated as a socially disturbing emotion. It appears when there is big difference between real and ideal self. The main aim is to study the relationship between susceptibility of shame experience and personality variables including sex variable. High level of shame experience among women is connected with higher level of neuroticism and lower level of conscientiousness in comparison with others. On the other hand the high level of shame experience among men is connected with the higher neuroticism, but also with extraversion. The other aim of study was to explore obtained experience obtained in the relationship with parents and connected with learning the feeling of shame. The new method (Questionnaire on the Susceptibility of Shame Experience) was used during the research.
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Keywords: change; transformations; readiness for change; personal and situational determinants of readiness for change; reactance
The current article deals with issues related to organisational behaviours, as perceived in the light of social and economic transformations that are going on in our country. The author claims that a change in an organisation should be analysed from the point of view of an individual. Thus, the author points at the whole spectrum of individual behavioural reactions to the process of transformations – from resistance, through indifference, to enthusiasm andco-operation. These views lead the author to suggest a theoretical model of personal and situational determinants of readiness for change in organisation, which constitutes the basic theme of the article.
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