Provisional Results of Population and Housing Census of October 2011 Romania has a Usual Resident Population of 19 Millions Only

Rezultatele provizorii ale recensământului populaţiei şi al locuinţelor din octombrie 2011 România are doar 19 milioane de locuitori

Author(s): Vasile Gheţău / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2012

Keywords: population and housing census; provisional results; usual resident population; population decline; components of population change by county; ethnic structure of population

Recently published provisional results of Romanian Population and Housing Census of October 2011 uphold the downward trends of population by ceaseless natural decrease and, mainly, by external migration. Following the EC recommended definition of the place of usual residence, at the time of census, persons living or expected to live outside the place of enumeration for one year or more were not considered temporarily absent and have been therefore excluded from the total population. By consequence, 2.2 millions of Romanians being abroad for more than 12 months have not been included in country’s usual resident population. Adding a natural decrease of 400 thousand persons, Romania’s population at the census of October 2011 was 19 million only, comparing with 21.7 million at the previous population census in 2002. This change of population number is further decomposed, at county (judet) level, into three components: natural increase, net internal migration and net external migration. Strong differences can be identified and explanation is not enough relevant by available data. Decrease of population of main cities is presented. The structure of population by main ethnical groups preserves the previous canvas but an increase of Roma population is recorded.

The Third Age Between Autonomy and Vulnerability

Vârsta a treia între autonomie şi vulnerabilitate

Author(s): Roxana Mureşan / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2012

Keywords: old persons; autonomy; vulnerability; at home; institution

In the contemporary world, because of the aging of the population, the diminution of the weight of the active population and of the contributors, the states have more and more difficulties to assure the minimal income and decent conditions of life for the retired people. In these conditions, the prolongation of the period of autonomy of the elderly, the finding of solutions, in the family or in the care institutions, in order to reduce their vulnerability, appear as stringent necessities. The present article synthetize the results of a research regarding the quality of life of 570 persons in the County of Cluj. A questionnaire with 63 questions and a set of 30 interviews permited the accumulation of important information regarding the sources and quantum of the incomes, the alimentation, the health status and the acces to the health services, the conditions of life, the satisfaction of the quality of life, the relationship with the family a. s. o. The interpretation of these data leads to interesting conclusions concerning the difference of life between the persons at home and those institutionalized, the categories of needs on age groups, the needed actions in order to assure an equilibrium, support and help for the aged people – as fundamental duties of the family and of the society.

Children’s Health Issues in Romania – Present and Expectations

Aspecte ale sănătăţii copiilor din România – realităţi şi deziderate

Author(s): Ecaterina Stativă,Alin Stănescu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2012

Keywords: early childhood development; infant mortality; children at risk; national health programs

Infant mortality is the most sensitive indicator for the health status of child population, being also a global parameter for economical and social development as well. Despite its slow decreasing, this indicator maintains Romania on the last place in Europe (11%o). The main causes of infant mortality are perinatal diseases, respiratory diseases and malformations. There is a strong relationship between the infant mortality and the low weight at birth, due to health and nutrition problems of the pregnant women. The mortality under 1 year is higher in rural areas (14%o) and among children belonging to mothers with a low educational level. High-rate for the deaths at home due to respiratory diseases indicates the lack of parental skills and the failure of primary care as well. Specialized medical services are not able to provide surgical solutions for all congenital heart diseases. In order to improve the children health, the investment in early childhood is needed. This is the key for the development of humanity, because it is based on the development of a sustainable resource witch is the human capital. To improve children health condition is necessary a mean-term strategy, coherent and wide-open, versus only narrow individual interventions.

The Social Protection of Children with Disabilities and their Families. A case study of the Bihor county

The Social Protection of Children with Disabilities and their Families. A case study of the Bihor county

Author(s): Claudia Bacter / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2012

Keywords: disability; needs; public policies; services

The issue of disability is a complex one, with multiple implications both for the disabled person and for the members of their family. The great number of children with disabilities at country level makes us give a particular attention to the way we deal with this problem. Preparing services to protect children with disabilities and their families is a top priority in democratic countries around the world. In order to make sure that disability is taken into consideration when public policies are developed, we must look into the true needs of people with disabilities. This paper presents the results of an extensive study conducted in Bihor county that focused on access of children with neuromotor disabilities and their families to social, medical and educational services. Access to such services represent a key element when we speak of protection measures for this social category that faces a high risk of social exclusion

Costs of administration of public levies in Poland.

Koszty administracji danin publicznych.

Author(s): Jacek Kulicki / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 15/2013

Keywords: Poland; the costs and financing of public levies administration; Ministry of Finance; tax offices; tax chambers; customs offices; customs chambers; treasury control offices;

The article looks at the issues related to the costs and financing of public levies administration in Poland (Ministry of Finance, tax offices, tax chambers, customs offices, customs chambers and treasury control offices).

Interpretation

Tłumaczenie

Author(s): Marcin Rulka / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 13/2012

Australia: orzeczenie Sadu Najwyższego z dnia 30 sierpnia 2007 r. w sprawie prawa do głosowania więźniów (sygn. HCA 43)

THE AUTHORITARIANISM OF THE LANGUAGE USED IN THE 2011 PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS CAMPAIGNS

Apodyktyczność języka kampanii wyborczej (na materiale z kampanii 2011)

Author(s): Barbara Kudra / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 13/2012

We might differentiate the deliberation and authoritarian communication. It might appear that they stand at the opposite ends. The author of the article through the analysis of the political discussions look from the conceptual perspective, from which any kind of communication is authoritarian in its character. On of the tools of the authoritarian communication are the conceptual figures.

"LOCOMOTIVES" OR “VACUUM CLEANERS”? - ABOUT THE RESULTS OF THE LEADERS ON THE ELECTORAL LISTS. THE POLEMIC WITH WOJCIECH PESZYŃSKI

Lokomotywy” czy „odkurzacze”? – O wynikach liderów list wyborczych. Polemika z Wojciechem Peszyńskim

Author(s): Maciej Rakowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 13/2012

The author presents the analysis of the role of the leaders of the electoral lists in the Polish parliamentary elections. He presents the opinion, that the candidates who get the highest numbers of votes on the list, rather don’t contribute to the better result of all the list, but first of all they take votes from the other candidates from the same list – so they act not as “electoral locomotives”, but as “vacuum cleaners”. At first voters choose the party they vote for, and only later they choose the person from this list who gets their vote. If there is a popular political leader on the list, it is really difficult for the rest of the candidates to convict voters that they are worth voting for them, so they get the seats with the relatively low numbers of votes. The opinions presented in the article are supported by the results of the elections held in Poland in the last years. This text is the polemic with Wojciech Peszyński, who – on the columns of Studia Wyborcze – presented his thesis of the great role of the party leaders and wrote about the “passenger without tickets”, who are the deputies, who were on the electoral list with the party leader and who were elected to the parliament despite of getting the small number of votes.

Reviews

Recenzje

Author(s): Krzysztof Skotnicki,Joanna Kielin-Maziarz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 13/2012

Kodeks wyborczy. Wstępna ocena, red. Krzysztof Skotnicki, Wydawnictwo Sejmowe, Warszawa 2011, ss.295 Optimálny model volebného systemu do Európskeho Parlamentu, Bratislava 2010, ss. 171

THE NEW HUNGARIAN ELECTORAL SYSTEM

Nowy węgierski system wyborczy

Author(s): Timea Drinóczi / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 13/2012

In the paper the new Hungarian constitutional rules on suffrage and the new act on election are examined so as to give a general overview about the main changes brought by the new constitutional arrangement in 2011. These changes, however, cannot be analysed in their complexity as new electoral procedure act has not been adopted yet, nor we have any experiences about the implications of the new electoral system. There are, however studies claiming its bias feature. And indeed, there is a great chance to be like that, but it can only be evaluated, in a justified manner, after the adoption of the procedure act and the conclusion of the first election based on the new laws.

Reports

Sprawozdania

Author(s): Paweł Raźny / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 13/2012

Sprawozdanie z obchodów Światowego Dnia Wyborów. Toruń, 2 lutego 2012 r.

POLES ON ELECTORAL LAW AND THE MECHANISMS OF THE CAMPAIGN. TESTS BEFORE THE PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS 2011 YEARS

Polacy o prawie wyborczym i mechanizmach kampanii. Badania przed wyborami parlamentarnymi 2011 roku

Author(s): Beata Roguska,Jarosław Zbieranek / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 13/2012

A few days before parliamentary elections in 2011 Institute of Public Affairs and Public Opinion Research Center made a research about knowledge and opinions of Poles about electoral system. It covered following topics: gender quotas on electoral lists, single-member districts, postal voting, proxy-voting and sources of information about candidates and election used by potential voters. The research showed that the awareness of new voting mechanisms and instruments is very low among society. The reason for that could be limited time to inform people about changes in electoral law, due to introduction of new rules few months before the elections. The majority of respondents claimed that they do not have any knowledge about gender quotas on electoral lists, postal voting, proxyvoting. The research showed also that single-member districts are highly valued. The common notion says that the best solution is first-past-the-post system, under which in the constituency wins juts one candidate. The most important source of information about elections in the entire population are television programs, apart from young people, who mostly use Internet.

Results of elections and referendums throughout the world

Wyniki wyborów i referendów na świecie

Author(s): Marcin Rulka / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 13/2012

WYNIKI WYBORÓW PARLAMENTARNYCH, PREZYDENCKICH I REFERENDÓW NA ŚWIECIE W OKRESIE OD PAŹDZIERNIKA 2011 ROKU DO MARCA 2012 ROKU W okresie wyborczym od października 2011 roku do marca 2012 roku na całym świecie przeprowadzonych zostało 18 wyborów prezydenckich, 30 wyborów parlamentarnych oraz 8 referendów. Zwraca uwagę bardzo niska liczba referendów, co jest tendencją, którą można zaobserwować już od dłuższego czasu. Zmianie ulegają również kwestie poddawane pod referendum; zwykle są to sprawy o najwyższym znaczeniu dla państwa, które dodatkowo znajdują swoje miejsce w konstytucji.

FINALMENTE NOS REVERDECiÓ .... Pavel Vilikovsky Vert et Florissant

FINALMENTE NOS REVERDECiÓ .... Pavel Vilikovsky Vert et Florissant

Author(s): Martina Šimová / Language(s): Spanish / Issue: 2/2005

POR FIN SE PUEDE LEER A LOS CLÁSICOS ESLOVACOS EN ESPAÑOL (Conversación con el traductor español de prosa eslovaca Salustio Alvarado)

POR FIN SE PUEDE LEER A LOS CLÁSICOS ESLOVACOS EN ESPAÑOL (Conversación con el traductor español de prosa eslovaca Salustio Alvarado)

Author(s): Salustio Alvarado / Language(s): Spanish / Issue: 2/2005

Ivan Kolenič Daj zbohom básneniu (Di adiós a la poesía)

Ivan Kolenič Daj zbohom básneniu (Di adiós a la poesía)

Author(s): Alexander Halvoník / Language(s): Spanish / Issue: 2/2005

No esperando a Godot

No esperando a Godot

Author(s): Milan Lasica,Július Satinský / Language(s): Spanish / Issue: 2/2005

Poetry

Poetry

Author(s): Ján Zambor / Language(s): Spanish / Issue: 2/2005

Michal Hvorecky PLYŠ (FELPA)

Michal Hvorecky PLYŠ (FELPA)

Author(s): Alexander Halvoník / Language(s): Spanish / Issue: 2/2005

Pavel Hrúz Okultizmus (Ocultismo)

Pavel Hrúz Okultizmus (Ocultismo)

Author(s): Patrik Oriešek / Language(s): Spanish / Issue: 2/2005