Restructuring of the insurance market in Belarus

РЕСТРУКТУРИЗАЦИЯ СТРАХОВОГО РЫНКА РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ

Author(s): T. A. Verezubova / Language(s): Belarusian / Issue: 33/2006

Insurance is a necessary element of reproducing process and one of the major financial institutions of the state. The insurance market in Belarus has developed since 1991, when Belarus became an independent country. Today this market is constantly being restructured. It is expressed in the quantitative and qualitative structure of the insurance companies, in structural redistribution of collected insurance premiums in addition to the obligatory kinds of insurance (over 70% in 2005), which has no analogues in the world. The author analyzes tendencies in the development of the insurance market and characterizes the prospects.

Fair Value in predicting a crisis of a company

Wartość godziwa w przewidywaniu kryzysu jednostki gospodarczej

Author(s): Alicja Mazur / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 33/2006

Financial statements data based on historical cost have a limited ability to indicate a threat of crisis because of its reference to the past and not to the present time. Therefore an additional valuation of assets and liabilities based on their fair values would be useful in indication of crisis, especially one resulting from market conditions. However, it is important to remember about problems with the fair value measurement.

Accounting and tax aspects of companies restructuring in the way of dividing

БУХГАЛТЕРСКИЙ УЧЁТ И НАЛОГООБЛОЖЕНИЕ ЕСТРУКТУРИЗАЦИИ ХОЗАЙСТВЕННЫХ ПОДРАЗДЕЛЕНИЙ

Author(s): Anna Medne,Vita Zarina / Language(s): Latvian / Issue: 33/2006

Restructuring involves expiration of legal personality or other changes in legal status, creating transition of rights and responsibilities from one legal person to another. The restructuring process of enterprises in Latvia is defined in Commercial Law of the Republic of Latvia. According to general business practice of the world restructuring recognised as rightful when it takes in account the interests of all parties involved. To organise this process in the right way, the entrepreneurs are obliged to manage tax legislation and regulations of accounting. In the balance-sheet of a company being restructured assets are to be valued their fair value. The fair value of long-term material assets (of every single asset) is estimated by the estimator, taking into consideration the market situation in the country. Evaluation of current assets is to be carried out according to the possibilities of realisation in the fair value. In the case of restructuring, the obligation of payment of taxes and duties is transferred to the successor to the rights.

Bankrupting companies and anti critical management

БАНКРОТСТВО ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ И АНТИКРИЗИСНОЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЕ

Author(s): Česlovas Hristauskas,Vilma Kazlauskienė / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 33/2006

The article presents two most widespread approaches to viewing bankruptcy: ¨ From the perspective of economists and politicians, companies’ bankruptcy is an inherent element of the market that promotes technical, industrial and social improvement. ¨ From the other point of view, a bankruptcy is damaging not only for a company itself, but also for the whole society as a failing company does not account for its creditors, its employees lose their jobs etc. The problem of a diagnostics of a company is essentially focused on the determination of the fact whether a company is insolvent and what the timing of its bankruptcy case is. There are two aspects of the diagnostics of the bankruptcy question: 1. First of all, it is important for a company itself to have definite criteria that would enable us to judge the approach towards the critical point. 2. Next, a definite criterion is needed in order to define the outer indicators from the market perspective. Most commonly used models of bankruptcy probability forecasting are those of E. Altman which integrate the influence of two, five or seven factors.

Multimedia: Rebuilding Osh

Multimedia: Rebuilding Osh

Author(s): Nicolas Tanner / Language(s): English / Issue: 12/20/2011

Keywords: Kyrgyzstan; Uzbeks; ethnic violence; neighbors; houses; children; minority; Danish Refugee Council; UN High Commissioner for Human Rights;

Reconstruction of neighborhoods shattered by ethnic violence signal that many in southern Kyrgyzstan are looking forward, not back. A TOL slide show.

People: Vaclav Havel, 1936-2011

People: Vaclav Havel, 1936-2011

Author(s): Jeremy Druker / Language(s): English / Issue: 12/20/2011

Keywords: Obituary; Vaclav Havel; Czech Republic; president; dissident; Velvet Revolution; Charter 77; playwright; writer; human rights;

The currents of history and the dictates of conscience made him the Czechs’ philosopher-president.

Around the Bloc: Roma Students Doing Just Fine in UK Schools, Kuchma Trial Abruptly Halted

Around the Bloc: Roma Students Doing Just Fine in UK Schools, Kuchma Trial Abruptly Halted

Author(s): Jeremy Druker,Ioana Caloianu,Joshua Boissevain / Language(s): English / Issue: 12/20/2011

Keywords: Slovakia; Czech Republic; UK; Roma; Roma Education Fund and Equality; minority-rights; students; education; integration; Leonid Kuchma; Ukraine; Kaliningrad; government; Russia; Poland; visas; EU; SEEMO; Romania; witches; witchcraft; Croatia; Romania;

Plus, Croatian journalist again a target of death threats and witches run amok in Romania. Around the Bloc is TOL's daily digest of the important, the trivial, the tragic, the weird, and the sober from its coverage region.

Society: The New Underground Scene in Almaty

Society: The New Underground Scene in Almaty

Author(s): Dariya Tsyrenzhapova / Language(s): English / Issue: 12/20/2011

Keywords: Kazakhstan; subway; public transportation; metro; jobs; retirement; President Nursultan Nazarbaev; 20th anniversary of Kazakhstan’s independence; Hyundai-built trains;

The city’s very long wait for a very short ride is finally over.

Editors' Blog: In Moscow, the Rules Have Changed

Editors' Blog: In Moscow, the Rules Have Changed

Author(s): Barbara Frye / Language(s): English / Issue: 12/20/2011

Keywords: Russia; protests; United Russia party; election; Central Election Commission; corruption;

We've read about why Russians have finally had enough. But why have the authorities reacted as they have?

Middle Europa: A Protest Contagion

Middle Europa: A Protest Contagion

Author(s): Martin Ehl / Language(s): English / Issue: 12/20/2011

Keywords: Central Europe; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; doctors; wages; health care; hospitals; patients; economy; budget; medical workers; protests; strike; pre-election campaign;

Across Central Europe, doctors’ campaigns for better wages are spreading.

Editors' Blog: Anti-corruption Mania!

Editors' Blog: Anti-corruption Mania!

Author(s): Jeremy Druker / Language(s): English / Issue: 12/20/2011

Keywords: Czech Republic; politics; anti-corruptionl ODS; TOP 09; Petr Nečas; ČSSD; Transparency International; Andrej Babiš; Action of Dissatisfied Citizens (ANO) movement; CVVM;

Nowadays it seems that everywhere you look corruption is the buzzword of Czech society.

The Fourth Estate: Difficult Year in Store for TV Giant CME

The Fourth Estate: Difficult Year in Store for TV Giant CME

Author(s): Marius Dragomir / Language(s): English / Issue: 12/20/2011

Keywords: Central and Eastern Europe; Central European Media Enterprises (CME); television; advertising; Romanian Adrian Sarbu; journalism; economy; Bulgarian station bTV; Czech TV Nova; Markiza

The broadcast group with operations across Central and Eastern Europe is in another tight spot. No great loss for responsible journalism or intelligent programming.

Economy & Business: Russia Sees No Alternative to Oil and Gas

Economy & Business: Russia Sees No Alternative to Oil and Gas

Author(s): Anna Geroeva / Language(s): English / Issue: 12/20/2011

Keywords: Russia; renewable energy; wind; solar; World bank; ifc; oi; gas; Prime Minister Vladimir Putin; Energy Ministry; Finance Ministry; biomass; Russian Academy of Sciences; northern Caucasus; wind turbine; environmental protection; Dmitry Medvedev; plants;

Before the financial crisis, renewable energy was a priority for the Kremlin. The trimmed-down plans now count on private investment into the sector. But where are the investors?

Around the Bloc: Supporters Give Tymoshenko Nobel Nod, Major Upset in Transdniester

Around the Bloc: Supporters Give Tymoshenko Nobel Nod, Major Upset in Transdniester

Author(s): S. Adam Cardais,Natasha Kirshina,Barbara Frye,Joshua Boissevain / Language(s): English / Issue: 12/20/2011

Keywords: Kyrgyzstan; prison; protest; human rigths; Ukraine; Yulia Tymoshenko; justice; trial; nobel prize; RFE reports; Moldovan Prime Minister Vlad Filat; Transdniester; Serbia; Russia; media; asylum seekers; European Parliament; visa-free travel; D. Medvedev;

Plus, Kyrgyz prisoners on hunger strike and will the EU bring back visas for Serbians? Around the Bloc is TOL's daily digest of the important, the trivial, the tragic, the weird, and the sober from its coverage region.

Around the Bloc: Polish Right Links Communism and EU, Bulgaria Debates Genetically Modified Food

Around the Bloc: Polish Right Links Communism and EU, Bulgaria Debates Genetically Modified Food

Author(s): Ky Krauthamer ,Ioana Caloianu,Joshua Boissevain / Language(s): English / Issue: 12/20/2011

Keywords: Poland; Donald Tusk; Jaroslaw Kaczynski; Macedonia; elderly; health care; Uzbekistan; human rights repor; Kazakhstan; Islam; women; head scarves; university; education; religion; GMO food; Bulgaria; Nikola Gruevski; EU; regulations; martial law; treaty

Plus, a new report on Uzbekistan’s human rights abuses and Kazakh students demand the right to wear headscarves. Around the Bloc is TOL's daily digest of the important, the trivial, the tragic, the weird, and the sober from its coverage region.

Editors' Blog: Bosnia - A Fresh Perspective

Editors' Blog: Bosnia - A Fresh Perspective

Author(s): S. Adam Cardais / Language(s): English / Issue: 12/20/2011

Keywords: In the Land of Blood and Honey; film; Angelina Jolie; Association of Concentration Camp Survivors; Women Victims of War Association; war reportages;

In her controversial directorial debut, Angelina Jolie examines the 1992-1995 Bosnian conflict through the eyes of those who lived it.

Around the Bloc: High Stakes for Journalists in Dagestan, State of Emergency in Kazakh Town

Around the Bloc: High Stakes for Journalists in Dagestan, State of Emergency in Kazakh Town

Author(s): Natasha Kirshina,Barbara Frye,Ioana Caloianu / Language(s): English / Issue: 12/20/2011

Keywords: Russia; Dagestan; jouralist; Kazakhstan; Kosovo; Hungary; Khadzhimurad Kamalov; murder; strike; MTV; freedom of media; government; oil rig; accident; Serbia; EULEX; NATO; Committee to Protect Journalists; Interfax; Prime Minister Viktor Orban; EU;

Plus, Hungarian reporters go on hunger strike and another Russian transport disaster points to unsafe practices.

Around the Bloc: Tymoshenko Refuses Medical Care, Latvian Bank Survives Depositor Panic

Around the Bloc: Tymoshenko Refuses Medical Care, Latvian Bank Survives Depositor Panic

Author(s): Ky Krauthamer ,Ioana Caloianu,Joshua Boissevain / Language(s): English / Issue: 12/20/2011

Keywords: Croatia; Ivo Sanader; Tudjman; Yugoslavia; War; crimes; Kosor; Ukrainia; Yulia Tymoshenko; imprisonment; justice; trial; Russia; elections; results; Vladimir Putin; Latvian Prime Minister Valdis Dombrovskis; economy; bank; Kyrgyzstan; language; Google;

Plus, another “liberal” party born in Russia and Kyrgyz language lovers set their sights on Google. Around the Bloc is TOL's daily digest of the important, the trivial, the tragic, the weird, and the sober from its coverage region.

Multimedia: In Belarus, Life on $58 a Month

Multimedia: In Belarus, Life on $58 a Month

Author(s): Andrei Yeliseyeu / Language(s): English / Issue: 12/20/2011

Keywords: Belarus; inflation; poverty; President Alyaksandr Lukashenka; currency; devaluation; salaries; prices; living standard; pension; economic crisis; IMF;

Inflation and devaluation put even macaroni out of reach.

The Baltic and the birth of a modern English maritime community: the Muscovy Company and nautical cartography, 1553-1665

The Baltic and the birth of a modern English maritime community: the Muscovy Company and nautical cartography, 1553-1665

Author(s): Alistair Maeer / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2012

Keywords: Muscovy Company; Charts; England; nautical cartography

English merchants and navigators began developing their skills in the late sixteenth century to reach Baltic shores and in the process birthed a distinct English nautical charting tradition which continued to service and reflect English interests for over a century. Specifically, the efforts of the Muscovy Company and the emergence of a distinct master-apprentice relationship of chart makers within the Drapers’ Company instigated the emergence of a modern maritime community in England replete with the financial structures, ships, and skills necessary to encompass the globe. As a result of various setbacks in the late-sixteenth century, English merchants and mariners shifted from coastal trading ventures to direct long-distance overseas commerce. This transformation was initiated through the efforts of the Muscovy Company and its accompanying introduction of marine charts for navigating distant shores. The introduction and expansion of direct long-distance overseas trade and modern navigational techniques then spurred the creation of a domestic charting industry to service these English navigational needs, the Thames School of English marine charting. Born out of a close association with English commerce to the Baltic, members of the Thames School continued to produce nautical charts of the globe that reflected ever-expanding English interests until the early-eighteenth century. This paper argues that trade to and from the Baltic acted as a proving ground, the venue, within which both the origins of English long-distant overseas trade and nautical cartography emerged—two fundamentally necessary components for the Empire which followed.