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Series:Centar za Sigurnosne Studije - MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS

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Seminar - Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Partnership for Peace
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Seminar - Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Partnership for Peace

Seminar - Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Partnership for Peace

Author(s): Bisera Turković,Jozo Krizanović,Robert Mason Beecroft,George Katsirdakis,Ibrahim Spahić,Boris Shmelyov,Zsolt Rabai,Miroslav Nikolić,Imre Agotić,Ognjen Pribicević,John Hampson,Nikola Radovanović,Martin Frančešvić,Jovan Ostojić,Ivan Nagulov / Language(s): English

Keywords: BiH; peace; partnership; military; defense; security; policy;

At the start I would like to express welcome to all of our esteemed guests both domestic and coming from abroad. I would especially like to thank Mr. Krizanovic, who will be officially opening this seminar, His Excellency Ambassador Beecroft, Head of the OSCE Mission, Mr. George Katsirdakis, also well known to all of us, a distinguished personality who I may so is a person that is of the most significance at this moment in relation to the Partnership for Peace (PfP). I will not be too long and take too much of your time, but allow me to perhaps clarify why are we organizing this seminar. You know that the Presidency of BiH has expressed its wish by sending a Letter of Intention, in which it is stated that Bosnia and Herzegovina would like to join the PfP – with Yugoslavia we are the only country that is not a member of this organization. Since parliamentarians should also be informed about the responsibilities once the country has entered the PfP, in the overall process and procedure and what the PfP itself means, then I must say that I am very happy being the Director of the CSS, to see such a great response as well as seeing that we are joined by such distinguished speakers. I am also certain that after their presentations many more things will be clear. I also did not know that there are quite frequent misinterpretations due to the lack of information, and we also know that to BiH we have invited these distinguished speakers who are experts in this subject matter, and who will join and support us. The orientation of armed forces before 1991 was towards a collective enemy; however, today we speak more about threats and risks. The events of the 90s changed the perceptions of security and armed forces. Armed forces lost their territorial orientation, and the question of security was no longer restricted to borders. The defence military strategy was given up in place of an active security policy. This has also meant that in place of numerousness, the impetus has been passed to concentrate on flexibility, mobility and rapid reaction. Indeed, this has been the trend in Western Europe, where in 1989 the Dutch army had personnel number of 100,000 and today this had been reduced to 60,000; the same is with the German army where in 1989 they had 470,000 and today that figure is 282,000. The current situation of the BiH armed forces is that they are founded according to a definition directed towards each other entity. In this manner they currently justify their own existence. Consequently, the nature of change of the armed forces is systemic, really existential.

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Seminar on Economic Aspects of Security (2002)
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Seminar on Economic Aspects of Security (2002)

Seminar on Economic Aspects of Security (2002)

Author(s): Claudio Zappulla,Ignac Golob,Bisera Turković,Anto Domazet,Ljubica Jelušič,Richard Temsch,Paolo Borgna,Dario Carminati,Nidia Casati,Robert Barić,Branislav Milinković,Neset Muminagić,Duško Vejnović,Peter Semneby,Alexander Alekseyev / Language(s): English

Keywords: BiH; policy; economic aspects; security; seminar; 2002;

His Excellency Mr. Golob, Distinguished Ambassadors, Ladies and Gentlemen, it is with great pleasure that I welcome you to this seminar in Portoroz, Slovenia. Before proceeding, I wish to thank the Government of Slovenia for graciously allowing us to hold our seminar in beautiful Portoroz. Why this seminar? Why this topic? And. Why now? Perhaps those questions have crossed your mind as you received your invitation to participate in this seminar. “Why this seminar”. To answer this question I will briefly recall some events over the past few years that have led us to Portoroz today. The Agreement for Confidence – and Security Building Measures in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Article II, Annex 1b, Dayton Peace Accords) contains one particular provision for “voluntary measures”. Under the auspices of this provision we have, over the past few years, conducted numerous seminars on topics such as “Democratic Control of the Armed Forces”, “Military Support to Civilians in Cases of Man-Made or Natural Disaster”. In particular, the seminar on Democratic Control spawned a whole series of initiatives involving NATO and OHR, as well as a number of bilateral initiatives, most notably with Switzerland and Sweden which focussed on members of the BiH government and senior military officials. In tandem with these initiatives, my office, with the gracious help of a number of OSCE countries, has sponsored Code of Conduct seminars targeting junior and mid-level officers. These seminars are an introduction into the OSCE as a body and the Code of Conduct measures adopted by the OSCE. In addition to these efforts, and still under the auspices of the Article II Agreement, the members of the Joint Consultative Commission, the body that oversees implementation of the Agreement on Confidence – and Security-Building Measures in Bosnia and Herzegovina agreed that in the interest of greater confidence and transparency they would allow a team of international auditors to conduct an audit of their respective military budgets. The aim, of course, was to show that the budgets could no longer sustain the relatively large military forces maintained in Republika Srpska and the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. This audit process was hugely successful and evolved into a mammoth initiative that was given to Ambassador Beecroft and his staff. Arguably, it was this initial audit decision that has subsequently led to the tremendous restructuring and demobilization process that is on-going. This is of course a painful process but a necessary one that will lead to a military structure more compatible with actual defense and security needs and will move Bosnia and Herzegovina one step closer to European integration.

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Social Survey - Perceptions and Attitudes of the Citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina towards Terrorism and the Role of International Security Organisations
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Social Survey - Perceptions and Attitudes of the Citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina towards Terrorism and the Role of International Security Organisations

Social Survey - Perceptions and Attitudes of the Citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina towards Terrorism and the Role of International Security Organisations

Author(s): Bisera Turković,Vladimir Obradović,Sanja Ljubičić,Armin Kržalić,Amel Kadić,Arnel Šahurić / Language(s): English

Keywords: terrorism; security; international security organisations; BiH; perceptions; attitudes;

The survey of the perceptions and attitudes of the citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) towards terrorism and the roles of international security organisations (NATO, SFOR) comparatively encompassed subjects from the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH) and the Republika Srpska (RS). Due to the content of the research only male subjects have been included, which we selected by a systematic, stratification sample, dependent upon telephone number in each individual canton. The control of the accuracy of the samples and the analysis of the results afterwards was conducted according to the variables of age, work experience and nationality. Besides this, we conducted focus groups that involved interviewing journalists, officers, professors, faculty assistants and students. The commentary and content of the discussion made possible a qualitative approach in the investigation. The most important findings of this investigatory research are: 1. Subjects from the FBiH and the RS are not differentiated by any statistical significance in the perceptions and evaluations that there is no serious threat from foreign terrorism in BiH, and that it is only possible to speak about internal terrorism towards returnees; 2. Anxiety from terrorism for the majority of the subjects from the older generation has not grown after 11 September 2001. Only within the group of younger subjects from the ages of 18 - 30 has this perception more significantly increased. However, the data from the focus group is interesting, which points towards the significance of the presence of negative perceptions towards the manner in which the US is leading the anti-terrorist campaign and the war against terrorism in Afghanistan; 3. Attitudes towards the accession to the European Union (EU) and the NATO Alliance are expressly positive between subjects in the FBiH, but that picture is diametrically reversed by the opinion in the RS, especially in view of the expressed negative position concerning the accession of BiH to NATO; 4. Confidence in international security institutions has an identical direction and relationship between the citizens of the FBiH and RS. Namely, the citizens of the FBiH have a highlevel of confidence in NATO, SFOR and the Hague Tribunal, while the citizens of the RS have little or no confidence in the Hague Tribunal; consequently, it is possible to speak about "group blindness" for the arguments and evidence concerning war crimes. 5. The attitude towards the downsizing of the military was positively polled by 80% of the subjects in the FBiH and 64% of the subjects in the RS, which is a statistically significant difference. However, the real gulf in attitudes of the citizens of the FBiH and RS is reflected in the level of support for a Joint Military Command, which has the support of 93% of the population of the FBiH and only 33% of the population of the RS.

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Round Table on Democratic Control of Armed Forces: The Role of Parliament, Academia, and the Media
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Round Table on Democratic Control of Armed Forces: The Role of Parliament, Academia, and the Media

Round Table on Democratic Control of Armed Forces: The Role of Parliament, Academia, and the Media

Author(s): Bisera Turković,Željko Mirjanić,George Katsirdakis,Marko Amidžić,Marie Vlachova,Bernd Papenkort,Duško Vejnović,Izet Beridan,Antonio Prlenda,Radomir Nešković,Nerzuk Ćurak / Language(s): English

Keywords: military; BiH; armed forces; Parliament; role; academia; media; round-table; 2002;

Ladies and Gentlemen: At the beginning I would like to wish a warm welcome to everybody present at today's seminar. I would especially like to express gratitude to George Katsirdakis, Deputy Director of the NATO Defence Partnership and Co-operation Directorate, who is a person of great importance for BiH on the road to membership in the Partnership for Peace. Today with us are representatives from the BiH Parliamentary Assembly - Mr. Zeljko Mirjanic, Deputy Chairman of the House of Representatives; and I would also like to cordially greet the representatives from the entity parliaments. At the same time, I would like to express gratitude to General Bernd Papenkort from the Clausewitz Centre and the professors from the Universities of Sarajevo and Banja Luka who have given up their time to be with us today. I shall not take much of your time, but during the opening of this seminar I would like to explain the significance of this event and why we decided to organise it. The seminar is concerned with the role of parliament, academia and the media in the democratic control of the armed forces. In order for BiH to become a member of the PfP, which is our true intention, among other factors at a state level the country must secure democratic parliamentary control of the armed forces. Democratic control is a necessary condition for acceptance into the Partnership for Peace.

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Seminar on Economic Aspects of Security (2003)
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Seminar on Economic Aspects of Security (2003)

Seminar on Economic Aspects of Security (2003)

Author(s): Bisera Turković,Claudio Zappulla,Mirsad Ćeman,Pierpaolo Tempesta,Heinz Vetschera,Vladimir Matek,Izet Žigić,Slavko Žmarić,Jiri Kalasnikov,Richard Temsch,Emina Kečo-Isaković,Almir Džuvo,Huso Hadžidedić,Mladen Staničić,Branislav Milinković,Marcin Święcicki,Moises Venancio,David R. Nicholas,Nedžad Hadžimusić / Language(s): English

Keywords: BiH; policy; economic aspects; security; seminar; 2003;

His Excellency Mr. Golob, Distinguished Ambassadors, Ladies and Gentlemen, it is with great pleasure that I welcome you to this seminar in Portoroz, Slovenia. Before proceeding, I wish to thank the Government of Slovenia for graciously allowing us to hold our seminar in beautiful Portoroz. Why this seminar? Why this topic? And. Why now? Perhaps those questions have crossed your mind as you received your invitation to participate in this seminar. “Why this seminar”. To answer this question I will briefly recall some events over the past few years that have led us to Portoroz today. The Agreement for Confidence – and Security Building Measures in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Article II, Annex 1b, Dayton Peace Accords) contains one particular provision for “voluntary measures”. Under the auspices of this provision we have, over the past few years, conducted numerous seminars on topics such as “Democratic Control of the Armed Forces”, “Military Support to Civilians in Cases of Man-Made or Natural Disaster”. In particular, the seminar on Democratic Control spawned a whole series of initiatives involving NATO and OHR, as well as a number of bilateral initiatives, most notably with Switzerland and Sweden which focussed on members of the BiH government and senior military officials. In tandem with these initiatives, my office, with the gracious help of a number of OSCE countries, has sponsored Code of Conduct seminars targeting junior and mid-level officers. These seminars are an introduction into the OSCE as a body and the Code of Conduct measures adopted by the OSCE.

More...
Seminar on Economic Aspects of Security (2003)
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Seminar on Economic Aspects of Security (2003)

Seminar - Ekonomski aspekti sigurnosti (2003)

Author(s): Bisera Turković,Claudio Zappulla,Mirsad Ćeman,Pierpaolo Tempesta,Heinz Vetschera,Vladimir Matek,Izet Žigić,Slavko Žmarić,Jiri Kalasnikov,Richard Temsch,Emina Kečo-Isaković,Almir Džuvo,Huso Hadžidedić,Mladen Staničić,Branislav Milinković,Marcin Święcicki,Moises Venancio,David R. Nicholas,Nedžad Hadžimusić / Language(s): Bosnian

Keywords: BiH; policy; economic aspects; security; seminar; 2003;

Uvaženi ambasadori, dame i gospodo, Zadovoljstvo mi je što vam mogu poželjeti dobrodošlicu na seminar u Trstu pod nazivom ¨Ekonomski aspekti sigurnosti¨. Posebnu zahvalnost želim uputiti našem domaćinu Generalu Zappulli na čiju je inicijativu ovaj seminar i organizovan. Sa nama su danas predstavnici OSCE-a, predstavnici zakonodavne i izvršne vlasti BiH, kao i uvaženi eksperti iz ekonomske i sigurnosne oblasti. Posebno zadovoljstvo i čast mi je pozdraviti ambasadora Bosne i Hercegovine u Italiji gosp. Lukšu Šoljana. U svom uvodnom obraćanju željela bih objasniti značaj i motiv organizovanja ovog seminara. Prije svega, željela bih naglasiti da je cilj Aneksa 1B Dejtonskog mirovnog sporazuma podsticanje povjerenja i transparentnosti između BiH (entiteta), Republike Hrvatske i Srbije i Crne Gore. Dosadašnje percepcije bile su usmjerene na vojnu prijetnju kao osnovni oblik nesigurnosti. Međutim, u kontekstu novog sigurnosnog ozračja vojna prijetnja se ne bi mogla smatrati osnovnom opasnošću po državu i društvo, već je tu poziciju sada zauzela ekonomska nesigurnost. Smatram da snažna ekonomija, ekonomija koja je u stanju prevazići sve prepreke sa kojima se suočava, u velikoj mjeri utiče na izgradnju mjera povjerenja, kao osnovne svrhe člana II Aneksa 1B Dejtonskog mirovnog sporazuma.

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Needs Assessment on Small Arms and Light Weapons in Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Needs Assessment on Small Arms and Light Weapons in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Needs Assessment on Small Arms and Light Weapons in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Author(s): Denis Hadžović,Amel Kadić,Armin Kržalić,Dragana Lažetić,Arnel Šahurić / Language(s): English

Keywords: BiH; military; weapons; policy; small arms; light weapons; need assessment;

Following the 1992-1995 war in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), the issue of arms control, their export, and import, destruction of the surplus, and transparent control over this process, has become a highly sensitive issue. The global accumulation of illicit SALW during the past decade has contributed to tremendous human suffering. Without appropriate disarmament-involving the collection of residual small arms and the storage of state-owned weapons in protected areas-programmes for national rehabilitation cannot be sustained. The resulting crime and violence have disastrous effects on the ability of affected countries to implement their nati-onal development programmes. Vital infrastructure needed for development projects is damaged by illicit armsrelated insecurity, while foreign-funded development projects must be cancelled or postponed to prevent the assets from being diverted toward criminal activities. Countries must also allocate large portions of their already limited resources to security measures, thereby decreasing the funds available for development. All these consequences present fundamental obstacles to sustainable human development. Experience however has shown that these dynamics of insecurity can be broken through a set of approaches that simultaneously target weapons availability, the general knowledge about the seriousness and dangers of weapons use as well as state capacity to tackle the issue. Not only that these weapons are obvious threat to individual human lives, but also excessive quantities of weapons in the country do represent a significant source of insecurity. They are not only a direct threat to lives but they are increasingly used in criminal activities and their proliferation is a deterrent to the return of refugees to their homes. Moreover, these arms are a threat to the ongoing peace process.

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Activity Report 2003 - Centre For Security Studies BiH
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Activity Report 2003 - Centre For Security Studies BiH

Activity Report 2003 - Centre For Security Studies BiH

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

Keywords: BiH; Centre for Security Studies; CSS; activity report; 2003; security; defense;

This was the third year of operation of the Centre for Security Studies (CSS). CSS has been envisaged as an independent research, educational and training enterprise dedicated to encouraging informed debate on security matters and on promoting and sustaining democratic structures and processes in the foreign and security policies of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), and in the region of South-East Europe. This report covers the activities of the Centre for Security Studies from January to the end of December 2003.

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Activity Report 2004 - Centre For Security Studies BiH
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Activity Report 2004 - Centre For Security Studies BiH

Activity Report 2004 - Centre For Security Studies BiH

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

Keywords: BiH; Centre for Security Studies; CSS; activity report; 2004; security; defense;

This was the Centre for Security Studies (CSS) fourth year of operating. CSS has been envisaged as an independent research, educational and training enterprise, dedicated to encouraging informed debate on security matters and on promoting and sustaining democratic structures and processes in the foreign and security policies of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), and in the region of South-East Europe. This report covers the activities of the Centre for Security Studies from January 2004 till the end of December 2004.

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Softening of the Visa Regime for Citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina: What are the Requirements that the Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina Needs to Fulfil in Order to Ease the Transfer of Bosnia and Herzegovina from the “Black List” to the “White..
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Softening of the Visa Regime for Citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina: What are the Requirements that the Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina Needs to Fulfil in Order to Ease the Transfer of Bosnia and Herzegovina from the “Black List” to the “White..

Ublažavanje viznog režima za građane Bosne i Hercegovine: Koje uvjete trebaju ispuniti vlasti Bosne i Hercegovine u cilju olakšavanja prelaska Bosne i Hercegovine sa “Crne liste” na “Bijelu listu” šengenskog sporazuma o vizama?

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bosnian

Keywords: BiH; Visas; Visa regime; government; requirements; Black list; White list;

Sa sadašanjim viznim sistemom, koji je uveden za Bosnu i Hercegovinu, nije moguće uspostaviti stabilno i otvoreno društvo bez slobodnog kretanja ljudi, protoka informacija i ideja. Zadatak vladinih struktura je da svojim građanima obezbijede mogućnost putovanja u inostranstvo bez ograničenja i omoguće uključivanje društva u političke, ekonomske i kulturne sfere evropskog života. Ovo istraživanje, kroz detaljnu analizu stanja u ovoj oblasti, ima za cilj da napravi prikaz objektivne situacije o mogućnostima ublažavanja viznog režima za građane Bosne i Hercegovine. Bosna i Hercegovina se do danas nalazi u tzv. Aneksu I, na nepopularnoj “Crnoj listi” šengenskog sporazuma kojim se propisuje posjedovanje vize za prelazak vanjskih granica Evropske unije. Imajući u vidu da je odluka o ukidanju viznog režima za određene države primarno političko pitanje, ipak postoje uvjeti koje svaka vlada treba ispuniti da bi ostvarila ublažavanje viznog režima za svoje građane (prelazak sa “Crne liste”na”Bijelu listu” ili iz Aneksa I u Aneks II sengenskog viznog sporazuma). Prema izjavi bivše zamjenice ministra vanjskih poslova Bosne i Hercegovine gđe. Lidije Topić, specijalnog predstavnika BiH pri Evropskoj komisiji u Briselu, ne postoji precizan popis uvjeta ili kriterija za liberalizaciju viznog režima čije ispunjenje zahtijevaju države članice EU. Stoga je ovo istraživanju prvo započelo sa proučavanjem acquis-a EU koji se primjenjuje u tim državama. Oblast slobode, pravde i sigurnosti u EU je veoma kompleksna i stalno se razvija u svim svojim komponentama. Slobodno kretanje lica je ključni element u “oblasti slobode, sigurnosti i pravde”. Uvažavajući ovaj princip, EU je Ugovorom iz Maastrichta uvrstila politiku azila, prelazak vanjskih granica Unije i imigracionu politiku u pitanja od zajedničkog interesa za države članice, da bi Ugovorom iz Amsterdama ove odredbe uključila i u Ugovor o Evropskoj Zajednici. Samim tim, u fokusu ovog istraživanja našla su se pitanja vezana za institucionalna i administrativna rješenja u oblasti granica, viza, azila i imigracione politike u Bosni i Hercegovini. Iz iskustva Rumunije sa njenog puta na prelasku iz Aneksa I u Aneks II, odnosno uvrštavanja na “Bijelu listu” šengenskog sporazuma u januaru 2002. godine, možemo izvući korisne lekcije o metodi kreiranja potrebne strategije za acquis koju trebaju primjeniti države aplikanti. Usklađenosti sa šengenskim acquis-em prethodilo je regulisanje propisa unutar široke oblasti azila i imigracione politike, kao i oblasti unutrašnjih poslova i pravosuđa. Uporedo sa provođenjem unutrašnjih reformi, Rumunija je bila veoma aktivna i u procesu međunarodne saradnje sa akcentom na odnose i potpisivanje sporazuma sa susjednim državama. Odluka država članica EU u vezi sa ukidanjem strogog viznog sistema za Rumuniju desila se u periodu kada ova država nije bila u mogućnosti ispuniti sve uvjete, ali je svoje politike u ovim oblastima uspjela postaviti na pravi kolosjek te izraziti spremnost za implementaciju i daljnji razvoj svojih institucionalnih i administrativnih kapaciteta. Proširenje EU sa deset novih zemalja dodatno je zakomplikovalo situaciju u ovoj oblasti, pa je bilo potrebno uložiti veliki napor da bi se omogućila integracija i proširenje vanjskih granica EU do kraja 2007. Događaji od 11. septembra drastično su promijenili sigurnosnu situaciju u svijetu i dodatni pritisak, uočljiv posebno sa strane SAD-a, zahtijeva povećan stepen sigurnosti putnih dokumenata (npr. biometrijski pasoši). U proteklih nekoliko godina, institucije Bosne i Hercegovine su postigle odgovarajući napredak kako bi dostigle potrebne predpristupne standarde EU. U oktobru 2005. godine Bosni i Hercegovini je odobren pregovor o Sporazumu o stabilizaciji i pridruživanju sa EU. Konstantan razvoj demokratskog društva i institucionalno jačanje su, zajedno sa poboljšanjem sigurnosne situacije u državi, važna pitanja za liberalizaciju viznog režima. Bosna i Hercegovina je uspjela uspostaviti i razviti održive državne strukture koje omogućavaju administrativni okvir za implementaciju politike u oblasti viza, azila, migracije i granica. Neke od konvencija EU koje se odnose na ljudska prava i osnovne slobode su već ugrađene u postojeći Ustav Bosne i Hercegovine ili su prenesene na osnovu sukcesije zajedno sa drugim državama bivše Jugoslavije. Istraživanje je pokazalo da je donošenje legislative i uspostava pravilne strukture tek početna tačka u željenom pravcu. Stvaranje pretpostavke za funkcionalan i efikasan sistem zahtijeva dodatni napor uključivanja svih struktura vlasti. Do sada, institucije nisu na zadovoljavajući način pratile provođenje usvojene legislative. Nedostatak adekvatnih finansijskih i ljudskih resursa stvorio je mnogo problema u vezi sa primjenom potrebnih zakona u sektoru azila i migracije. Uprkos napretku koji je Bosna i Hercegovina postigla ona se i dalje suočava sa problemima, od kojih su neki zajednički za region a neki jedinstveni za Bosnu i Hercegovinu. Usvajanje i provođenje legislative u sektoru pravosuđa i unutrašnjih poslova Bosne i Hercegovine mora biti jedan od prioriteta da bi država napredovala u procesu pridruživanja Evropskoj uniji i osigurala slobodu kretanja za svoje građane. Hipoteza ovog istrazivanja bila je definisana u sljedećem pitanju: "Da li postoji mogućnost ukidanja viznog režima za sve građane Bosne i Hercegovine u roku od naredne dvije godine?" Gosp. Renco Davidi, zamjenik šefa Delegacije Evropske komisije u Bosni i Hercegovini odgovorio je na ovo pitanje, što se također može zaključiti i nakon obavljenog istraživanja: “Još uvijek nema političke volje i spremnosti za takav korak u EU i to uglavnom zbog sporog provođenja procesa reformi i razvoja demokratskog društva u svim segmentima u Bosni i Hercegovini.”

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Private Security in Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Private Security in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Stanje privatne sigurnosti u Bosni i Hercegovini

Author(s): Armin Kržalić / Language(s): Bosnian

Keywords: BiH; security; private security; companies; status;

Istraživanje „Stanja privatne sigurnosti u Bosni i Hercegovini“ nastalo je kao rezultat stalnog prećenja trenda privatnih sigurnosnih kompanija, i njihovog uticaja na sigurnost uopće, a uređeno je prema zahtjevima naučnog i emprijskog pristupa. Ovo istraživanje karakteriše otklanjanje uočenih nedostataka iz prethodnih istraživanja, kao i proširivanje nekih novih polja istraživanja. Tako su djelovi zakonske regulative dosta sistematičnije obrađeni, obim i stanje privatnih sigurnosnih kompanija dosta opširnije, dok su komparativni pristupi ovog sektora sa zemljama Europske unije napravljeni na osnovnim, ali važnim poljima. Osnovni cilj istraživanja je da se javnosti predstavi brojnost privatnih sigurnosnih kompanija, osoblje koje radi za njih, kao i oružje koje cirkluliše među njima. Isto tako od velike važnosti je to što istraživanje donosi i rezultate odnosa privatne sigurnosti sa drugim društvenim sektorima. Na taj način, istraživanje treba da doprinese boljem upoznavanju javnosti i boljoj informiranosti o sadržaju privatne sigurnosti, stanju i obimu kao i javnosti rada, odnosno da ovoj problematici da što realniju dimenziju i ukaže na probleme i sadržaje koji do sada nisu bili u potpunosti sagledani. Od velike koristi su svakako i preporuke za poboljšanje ovog sektora. Prilikom sprovođenja istraživanja nailazio sam na niz problema, od kojih sam neke, po ličnom sudu, uspješno, a neke manje uspješno rješio. Posebno zbog toga što je u ovom slučaju riječ o novoj oblasti u Bosni i Hercegovini, kao i zbog nepostojanja centralnih baza podata i različitih pravnih rješenja. Poseban problem predstavljao je izbor metodologije za odabir utvrđivanja stanja i obima privatnih sigurnosnih kompanija, koji je proizvod složenosti društvenog i političkog života naše države. Analizirao sam veoma širok spektar sadržaja iz oblasti sigurnosti, a težište je bilo usmjereno na kritičku obradu dosadašnjih slabosti i protivriječnosti između normativnog i stvarnog. Za potrebe analiza predočenih sadržaja, korišćeni su podaci iz domaće i strane literature, podaci javnih institucija, naučna saznanja naših i stranih eminentnih stručnjaka iz ove oblasti, te podaci prikupljeni tokom terenskih istraživanja. Istraživanje sadrži pet poglavlja povezanih u jednistvenu i zaokruženu cjelinu, kojom su obuhvaćeni skoro svi sadržaji privatne sigurnosti. I pored napora, da se ispune određeni stručni, naučni i pedagoški pristupi, ovo istraživanje vjerovatno nije bez propusta. Svaka sugestija i kritike bit će od velike pomoći u daljim istraživanjima.

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NATO from a Security Alliance to Modern Challenges
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NATO from a Security Alliance to Modern Challenges

NATO od sigurnosnog saveza do savremenih Izazova

Author(s): Bisera Turković / Language(s): Bosnian

Keywords: NATO; security; alliance; modern times; challenges; BiH;

Activities of Bosnia and Herzegovina related to Euro-Atlantic security structures, with the ultimate goal of institutionalizing relations with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, officially began in 2001 with the expression of the intention of the highest officials of our country to join this organization and activities primarily aimed at the inclusion of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the NATO Partnership for Peace program. This publication presents NATO and its policy in partner countries in order to offer the interested audience more detailed information about NATO with the aim of faster and easier integration into this defense structure. One of the motives for publishing this publication is the chronic lack of information on this matter available in the languages of the peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Human Rights In The Armed Forces Of Bosnia And Herzegovina
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Human Rights In The Armed Forces Of Bosnia And Herzegovina

Ljudska prava u oružanim snagama Bosne i Hercegovine

Author(s): Denis Hadžović,Lada Sadiković / Language(s): Bosnian

Keywords: BiH; military; armed forces; human rights; 2010;

Ratifikacijom Evropske konvencije za zaštitu ljudskih prava 12. Jula 2002. godine država Bosna i Hercegovina se obavezala da će svim licima pod njenom jurisdikcijom osigurati sva ljudska prava i osnovne slobode sadržane u Konvenciji i protokolima uz nju. Ova obaveza države Bosne i Hercegovine podrazumijeva naravno i zaštitu ljudskih prava za sve pojedince pod njenom jurisdikcijom, bez obzira na to kojim društvenim sferama ili oblicima organiziranja pripadaju. To znači da pored svih onih ljudskih prava koja se jednako odnose na sve pojedince pripadnike bosanskohercegovačkog društva postoje i oblasti djelovanja koje po svojoj prirodi ne omogućavaju takvu jedinstvenu primjenu i zaštitu ljudskih prava. Jedna od takvih kategorija svakako su ljudska prava u oružanim snagama. Naime, pojedinci pripadnici oružanih snaga imaju sa jedne strane sva prava i osnovne slobode iz Evropske konvencije ali, sa druge strane, usljed specifične prirode i karaktera profesije koju obavljaju nužno imaju i brojna ograničenja tih ljudskih prava. Normalno je predpostaviti da se u Oružanim snagama BiH, s obzirom na visok stepen subordinacije i centralizacije te funkcije, neće moći osigurati sva ona ljudska prava koja su karakteristična za pripadnike u različitim oblicima civilnih djelatnosti. Delikatnost našeg zadatka upravo je u tome da se na skladan način pomire i sintetiziraju ljudska prava koja pripadaju svim pojedincima i obaveza njihove restrikcije koja proizlazi iz karaktera vojne djelatnosti. Sukladno praksi savremenih evropskih država postoji potreba da se za pojedince i u toj sferi društvenog djelovanja osiguraju ona ljudska prava koja je moguće u tim uvjetima ostvariti a da se istovremeno, ni na koji način ne naprave zapreke uspješnom djelovanju oružanih snaga u ostvarivanju njihove odbrambene funkcije. Polazeći od navedenog, cilj istraživanja je da se u Bosni i Hercegovini takođe istraži odnos između slobode pojedinca – pripadnika Oružanih snaga Bosne i Hercegovine i potrebe da se uspješno ostvaruje osnovna zadaća Oružanih snaga Bosne i Hercegovine. Ovaj zadatak posebno je suptilan zbog toga, što se prvi put u Bosni i Hercegovini uveo princip profesionalnih oružanih snaga umjesto ranije klasične vojne obaveze. Ovom prilikom svakako, imat će mo u vidu iskustva razvijenih demokratskih zemalja Evrope, koje su i u ovom smislu postigle već određene rezultate i izvršile određena istraživanja u uvjetima postojanja oružanih snaga i ljudskih prava za pojedince koji vrše tu funkciju. To znači, da će biti tretirane uglavnom one oblasti ljudskih prava koje su već istražene u evropskim državama u namjeri da se ukaže na specifičnosti i posebnosti naše situacije. Najmarkantnija specifičnost naše situacije u ovoj oblasti jeste da se oružane snage ne spominju u Ustavu Bosne i Hercegovine (Aneks 4 Općeg okvirnog sporazuma za mir u BiH) nego u Aneksu 2 tog Sporazuma. Svakako da će predstojeće ustavne promjene dovesti i do ustavnog normiranja oružanih snaga. Međutim, ovo istraživanje bit će usmjereno na sadašnje stanje, bez obzira na okolnost što se u Daytonskom mirovnom sporazumu razdvaja implementacija vojnog dijela mirovnog sporazuma od tzv. civilne implementacije toga Sporazuma i postojanja Visokog predstavnika međunarodne zajednice koji je zadužen za tu oblast prema Aneksu 10 Daytonskog mirovnog sporazuma.

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Overview of Policing in Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Overview of Policing in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Overview of Policing in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Author(s): Denis Hadžović,Armin Kržalić,Alma Kovačević / Language(s): English

Keywords: BIH; security; police; policing; overview;

The results of this research are based upon the analysis of adequate laws and regulations prescribing the work of the Ministries of Interior and police organizations, the information on the budget resources obtained from official sources of the government institutions, and the interviews with the officials from the Ministries of Interior, Brcko District Police of BiH and other police organization in BiH. Over the working period we faced certain limitations, mostly related to the inaccessibility of the public to the legislative regulations, particularly those of Cantonal police organizations; this is why this research was partially limited to the work of those organizations which either make their legal regulations and bylaws accessible to the public, or which provided them to us at our request. This research project on police reform in BiH represents our modest contributions to the aspirations for embracing the highest democratic principles in this area of the state government. This research is comprised of five chapters: historical overview of police system reform in BiH; organizations, numbers and competencies; financing of the police system in BiH; structural analysis of jurisdictions in legislation and in practice; internal and international cooperation and final conclusions.

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Overview of Policing in Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Overview of Policing in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Pregled stanja u oblasti policije u Bosni i Hercegovini

Author(s): Denis Hadžović,Armin Kržalić,Alma Kovačević / Language(s): Bosnian

Keywords: BIH; security; police; policing; overview;

The results of this research are based upon the analysis of adequate laws and regulations prescribing the work of the Ministries of Interior and police organizations, the information on the budget resources obtained from official sources of the government institutions, and the interviews with the officials from the Ministries of Interior, Brcko District Police of BiH and other police organization in BiH. Over the working period we faced certain limitations, mostly related to the inaccessibility of the public to the legislative regulations, particularly those of Cantonal police organizations; this is why this research was partially limited to the work of those organizations which either make their legal regulations and bylaws accessible to the public, or which provided them to us at our request. This research project on police reform in BiH represents our modest contributions to the aspirations for embracing the highest democratic principles in this area of the state government. This research is comprised of five chapters: historical overview of police system reform in BiH; organizations, numbers and competencies; financing of the police system in BiH; structural analysis of jurisdictions in legislation and in practice; internal and international cooperation and final conclusions.

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Study of Organised Crime in Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Study of Organised Crime in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Studija o organizovanom kriminalu u Bosni i Hercegovini

Author(s): / Language(s): Bosnian

Keywords: BiH; organized crime; study; EU;

Studija o organizovanom kriminalu u Bosni i Hercegovini bazirana je na potrebi da se donosiocima odluka u institucijama vlasti olakša identifikacija prioritetnih strateških područja u borbi protiv organizovanog kriminala. Inicirana je željom da se popune eventualne praznine koje se mogu pojaviti prilikom donošenja javnih politika baziranih isključivo na informacijama i podacima koje su u posjedu institucija vlasti. Analiza stavova i percepcije građana o pitanjima koja su u djelokrugu rada nadležnih službi, trebala bi biti jedan od izvora informacija kojem će zvaničnici posvetiti adekvatnu pažnju, posebno imajući u vidu da je vezana za oblast vladavine prava, odnosno ugrožavanju ljudske sigurnosti. Rezultati predstavljeni u ovoj studiji nastali su kao proizvod analize kvalitativnih i kvantitativnih podataka, pri kompleksnom pristupu fenomenu pojave organizovanog kriminala koji se morao sagledati s više aspekata. Stoga je i pristup realizaciji istraživanja morao biti višedimenzionalan, pridajući podjednak značaj institucijama iz oblasti pravosuđa i sigurnosti, ali i izvorima koji nisu dio zvanične vlasti, ali su prirodom svojih poslova veoma upućeni u oblast borbe protiv organizovanog kriminala. Predmetna studija ne predstavlja dokument koji zadire i ukazuje na pojedine slučajeve istražnih kriminalnih radnji koje su provodile ili provode nadležne institucije, već ima za cilj da iz perspektive civilnog društva identifikuje područja realnih prijetnji koja bi se trebala uzeti u obzir prilikom izrade strateških državnih strategija uz preporuke za konkretne operativne planove borbe protiv organizovanog kriminala. • Mnoštvo različitih inkriminacija koje obuhvata u svom ispoljavanju organizovani kriminal, raznorazni pojavni oblici njegovog manifestiranja, te niz drugih karakteristika koje nosi sa sobom, doveli su do toga da danas ni u teoriji ni zakonodavstvu ne postoji opći konsenzus o tome šta se sve podrazumijeva pod pojmom organizovani kriminal. • Većina domaćih i stranih autora smatra da organizovani kriminal uključuje komponentu nužnosti postojanja veze kriminalne organizacije s državom i njenim autoritetima, kao bitnim elementom organizovanog kriminala. • U stranoj literaturi postoji mnoštvo definicija organizovanog kriminala. Među njima se posebno izdvaja definicija UN-a, prema kojoj se organizovani kriminal definiše kao "proširena i kompleksna kriminalna aktivnost koju vrše grupe lica, bilo labavo ili čvrsto povezane, u cilju ilegalnog obogaćivanja na račun društvene zajednice i njenih članova”. • Evropska unija nije prihvatila model izrade jedinstvene definicije organizovanog kriminala, već je usvojila listu od 11 njegovih karakteristika, od kojih treba da postoji šest kako bi se moglo govoriti o organizovanom kriminalu. • Prema Krivičnom zakonu Bosne i Hercegovine grupa za organizirani kriminal definisana je kao organizovana grupa ljudi od najmanje tri lica, koja postoji neko vrijeme, djelujući u cilju činjenja jednog ili više krivičnih djela za koja se po zakonu može izreći kazna zatvora tri godine ili teža. • Autori iz naše zemlje i regiona dijele zajednički stav da glavnu motivacijsku snagu organizovanog kriminala, kao heterogene i složene pojave, čini finansijska dobit, odnosno munjevito sticanje mega profita, kao i nemogućnost otkrivanja u vršenju ovih kriminalnih aktivnosti. • Analizirajući značajan broj međunarodnih dokumenata koji tretiraju pitanja organizovanog kriminala, može se reći da postoji izuzetno veliki broj djelatnosti organizovanog kriminala, ali se među onim najdominantnijim svakako ističu: trgovina narkoticima, pranje novca, trgovina ljudima i autokriminal. • Bosanskohercegovački institucionalni kapaciteti za borbu protiv organizovanog kriminala postoje. Oni su prisutni u velikom broju i sa dosta širokim dijapazonom kapaciteta, od zakonodavnih, operativnih, preko savjetodavnih i kontrolnih kapaciteta. Na nivou BiH postoje 142 institucije koje imaju svoje mjesto i ulogu u borbi protiv organizovanog kriminala.

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Overview of Security Sector Reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Overview of Security Sector Reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Pregled reforme sigurnosnog sektora u Bosni i Hercegovini

Author(s): Denis Hadžović,Armin Kržalić,Emsad Dizdarević,Sanja Mihajlović / Language(s): Bosnian

Keywords: BiH; security; reform; overview; government;

Starting from the fact that security as a category has always been the main goal of every individual, state and social community, and consequently a necessary precondition for their survival, it is necessary to point out the importance and role of security institutions in creating an adequate environment as a precondition for the overall development of society. Various findings from historical and other researches of the development so far point to the fact that security institutions are the basis of every meaningful human existence in society, its need to establish, preserve, develop and design, both its existence and the better functioning of the state.

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Corruption Risk Assessment in the Security Sector of Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Corruption Risk Assessment in the Security Sector of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Procjena rizika korupcije u sigurnosnom sektoru Bosne i Hercegovine

Author(s): / Language(s): Bosnian

Keywords: BiH; security; politics; corruption; transparency; risk assessment; 2015;

Prisutnost korupcije u sektoru sigurnosti veoma je ozbiljan problem za društvo, jer se institucije sektora sigurnosti pojavljuju i kao objekti i kao subjekti u tom odnosu. Kao značajan potrošač budžetskih sredstava, institucije sigurnosti predstavljaju izazovno područje za koruptivno ponašanje, dok su na drugoj strani ove institucije glavni organi državnog aparata u borbi protiv korupcije. U kojoj mjeri su ove institucije sposobne da se odupru izazovima korupcije i efikasno rade na otkrivanju, istraživanju i procesuiranju slučajeva korupcije, ako su i same zahvaćene i podložne korupciji? Ova procjena pokušava doći do vjerodostojnog odgovora na ovo pitanje, putem analize kredibilnih izvora i prikupljenih kvalitativnih i kvantitativnih podataka. Kvaliatativna analiza pokazuje da pojava korupcije u sektoru sigurnosti nije uzrokovana nagomilanim problema u društvu, već je zapravo posljedica nedovoljno uređenih odnosa, ali i odraza cjelokupnog stanja države u tranziciji. U cilju procjene obima korupcije u sektoru sigurnosti, ostvarili smo uvid u norme i praksu vezanu za pojavu korupcije unutar sektora sigurnosti. Kvantitativni podaci do kojih smo došli putem istraživanja na reprezentativnom uzorku, ukazuju da se od pet oblasti u okviru sigurnosnog sektora, po mišljenju ispitanika najviše korupcije dešava u oblasti policije i to čak 42,8% od ukupnih koruptivnih djela za koja znaju ispitanici. Zatim, 14% građana smatra da se korupcija najviše dešava u sektoru pravosuđa, carini/graničnoj službi 10,9%, sektoru odbrane 4,5%, te skoro zanemarljivih 0,5% u obavještajnom sektoru. Pored rezultata kvalitativnih i kvantitativnih podataka procjena identifikuje rizike za koruptivno ponašanje u sektoru sigurnosti, te preporuke za unapređenje borbe protiv korupcije unutar ovog sektora za koje smo procijenili da postoje realne pretpostavke da se mogu implementirati u postojećem društveno političkom ambijentu i ne tako dugom vremenskom periodu.

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Women's Security in Local Communities
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Women's Security in Local Communities

Women's Security in Local Communities

Author(s): Sabahudin Harčević,Lajla Leko / Language(s): English

Keywords: women; security; local communities; survey: 2023;

The Centre for Security Studies (CSS) has the honor to present a publication „Security of women in local communities“ which unifies findings and the results of research conducted within the six-month project "Improvement of Women's Safety and Security in Local Communities - AwareBiH". This project is financially supported by the Government of Canada through the Canada Fund for Local Initiatives (CFLI). The aim of this project is to sensitize society, especially representatives of the security sector, as well as the legislative and executive authorities on the perception of security from a woman’s perspective. This would contribute to greater visibility and the introduction of a gender perspective in security, especially when it comes to policy creation and the process of its implementation. The project included three key activities. The first project activity was related to research, precisely, surveying a representative sample of women from Sarajevo, Banja Luka and Mostar. The questionnaire was focused on factors influencing the respondents' feeling of safety in their local communities. In addition, the research included women's perceptions of police officers and other relevant security issues. As part of the first activity, online interviews of women in BiH have been conducted, through which we asked them to make a recommendations on how they consider their fellow citizens can contribute to a better feeling of safety in their local communities/places of residence. The second activity included writing a report on the findings of the conducted research. The third activity included a public campaign aimed at presenting the findings of the conducted research. In summary, the project seeks to contribute to the improvement of women's safety in local communities, pointing out issues that affect women's safety based on their experiences and presenting the results of the analysis to the key actors and the general public. We would like to thank the Government of Canada for the financial support of the realization of this project through the CFLI.

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Women's Security in Local Communities
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Women's Security in Local Communities

Sigurnost žena u lokalnim zajednicama

Author(s): Sabahudin Harčević,Lajla Leko / Language(s): Bosnian

Keywords: women; security; local communities; survey: 2023;

Centar za sigurnosne studije (CSS) ima za čast predstaviti publikaciju „Sigurnost žena u lokalnim zajednicama“ koja objedinjuje nalaze i rezultate istraživanja sprovedenog u okviru šestomjesečnog projekta „Unapređenje sigurnosti žena u lokalnim zajednicama - AwareBiH“. Projekat je finansijski podržala Vlada Kanade putem Kanadskog fonda za lokalne inicijative (CFLI). Cilj ovog projekta jeste da senzibilizira društvo, posebno predstavnike sektora sigurnosti, zakonodavne i izvršne vlasti na percepciju sigurnosti iz pozicije žene. To bi doprinijelo većoj vidljivosti i uvođenju rodne perspektive u sigurnost, posebno kada je u pitanju kreiranje politike i njeno implementiranje. Projekat je uključivao tri ključne aktivnosti. Prva aktivnost projekta se odnosila na istraživanje, tačnije anketiranje reprezentativnog uzorka žena iz Sarajeva, Banja Luke i Mostara. Upitnik je bio fokusiran na faktore koji utiču na osjećaj sigurnosti ispitanica u njihovim lokalnim zajednicama. Osim toga, istraživanje je uključivalo i percepciju žena o policijskim službenicima i drugim relevantnim sigurnosnim pitanjima. U okviru prve aktivnosti su obavljeni i online intervjui žena u BiH, putem kojih smo pitali da navedu način na koji one smatraju da njihovi sugrađani mogu doprinijeti boljem osjećaju sigurnosti u njihovim lokalnim zajednicama/mjestima boravka. Druga aktivnost se odnosila na pisanje izvještaja o nalazima sprovedenog istraživanja. Treća aktivnost uključivala je javnu kampanju s ciljem predstavljanja nalaza sprovedenog istraživanja. U konačnici, projektom se nastoji doprinijeti unapređenju sigurnosti žena u lokalnim zajednicama, ističući pitanja koja utiču na sigurnost žena na osnovu njihovih iskustava i predstavljanjem rezultata analize ključnim akterima i široj javnosti. Zahvaljujemo se Vladi Kanade koja je kroz finansijsku podršku omogućila realizaciju ovog projekta putem CFLI.

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