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Anxious City: The Fears and Apprehensions of Citizens and Tourists in Modern Urban Areas

Anxious City: The Fears and Apprehensions of Citizens and Tourists in Modern Urban Areas

Author(s): Bożena Kilian / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: anxiety; fear; city; globalisation; tourism

In today’s world numerous dangers seem to threaten human lives. Modern society is claimed to be fearful and anxious, hence it is exposed to perils that are neither comprehensive nor controllable. Both global and local threats, such as economic crises, unprecedented technological advancement, terrorism or climate change and the increasing instability in the job market, crime or otherness influence everyday existence of modern man, who becomes increasingly apprehensive. The persistent atmosphere of fear is additionally nourished and sustained by the ubiquitous message presented by the media, which selectively focus on the negative broadcast. Modern cities, which are now perceived as a location where otherness is to be rather feared than praised and cultivated, are believed to be places which encapsulate almost all contemporary fears. First and foremost, they are scenes where the fear of crime takes its toll. Not only does it shape the structure of the city, as it leads to the establishment of the so-called gated communities, occupying closed and guarded estates, but primarily the relationships among different formal and informal social groups existing within the city. Feared are those of different race, religion, nationality, social status, gender, and even age. Being other, feared are also those coming to cities as tourists. In the face of the fact that city tourism is on the increase one could suspect that this is entirely safe and entertaining pastime; however, the analysis of urban tourism leaves no doubt that it also brings certain dose of fear and anxiety. The article aims at presenting various fears and anxieties experienced within urban area by both tourists and citizens.

More Politics than Business

More Politics than Business

Author(s): Dimitrije Boarov / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

The paper deals with economic relations between Serbia and Russia in the early 21st century in the context of the “European path“ designated by Serbian politics and traditional “political friendship“ between Serbian and Russian peoples on the Slavic and Orthodox basis. The main hypothesis is that, in essence, economic relations between Russia and Serbia are of marginal significance not only for the Russian Federation, but also for the Republic of Serbia, and that they provide almost no basis for the expansion of cooperation between the two countries or, more precisely, do not offer any realistic perspective in which Serbia’s economic cooperation with Russia would be an alternative to its inclusion in the European Union.

THE PENITENTIARY AT SREMSKA MITROVICA

THE PENITENTIARY AT SREMSKA MITROVICA

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Serbia; prison; Sremska Mitrovica; KPZ Sremska Mitrovica; quality of life; security; lawfulness; social resettlement; outside world contact; personnel;

The conditions of life and work of the entire personnel should be improved by raising their pay and providing other incentives for their committed, conscientious and lawful work; Personnel should be stimulated at all times to add to their knowledge and to improve their vocational skills by attending vocational development, training and education courses and seminars and by offering examples of positive management in order to encourage humane treatment and enhance efficiency and commitment; Personnel should be educated or specialists engaged to deal with special categories of prisoners; The acute problem created by the absence of the social worker should be solved by engaging a part-time or volunteer worker or in any other appropriate and feasible manner; Workshops and programmes should be designed to educate personnel in the skills of constructive conflict-solution; In selecting personnel, due account should be taken of the applicant’s social and emotional competence.

THE PENITENTIARY AT SOMBOR

THE PENITENTIARY AT SOMBOR

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Serbia; prison; Sombor; KPZ; quality of life; security; lawfulness; social resettlement; outside world contact; personnel;

The personnel shall be permanently encouraged to upgrade their knowledge and professional capacity through examples of positive management and by attending courses of inservice training, additional training, counselling, etc; The personnel should be trained to deal with special categories of prisoners or specialists should be engaged for the purpose; On selection and recruitment of the staff their personal suitability for the job should be primarily taken into account; At least one women officer should be employed full-time in the security service; More people should be employed full-time in the reformative training service with a view to enabling the existing staff to fully dedicate themselves to the prisoners' reformative training; admission procedures, therefore, should be entrusted to newly admitted professionals who would consult the existing staff whenever necessary; If appropriate to the prison's needs, more people should be engaged full-time in the training and employment service so as to avoid frequent overtime and thus improve relationship among the prison staff; Conditions of life and work of the prison personnel should be improved by providing more adequate salaries and employment benefits in view of the exacting nature of the work.

THE REFORMATORY AT KRUŠEVAC

THE REFORMATORY AT KRUŠEVAC

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Serbia; prison; Kruševac; VPD; reformatory; minors; quality of life; security; lawfulness; social resettlement; outside world contact; personnel;

The personnel should be permanently encouraged to improve their knowledge and professional capacity by attending in-service courses, as well as special training and seminars that would help them to fulfil their duties and obligations in a human, committed, professional, fair and efficient manner; Full-time engagement of professionals qualified to deal with special categories of juveniles such as mentally disadvantaged juvenile or drug users should be considered; More specialists in adolescent problematic (psychologists, educators, social workers, jurists, etc.) should be employed on permanent basis; In the process of personnel's selection and recruitment, particular attention should be paid to candidates' personal and emotional suitability for the job; The personnel's everyday living should be improved through increased salaries and other benefits.

La Belle Dame Sans Merci

La Belle Dame Sans Merci

Author(s): Vilmos Voigt / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Historiographic Analysis of Novi Sad on the Topographic Maps

Historiographic Analysis of Novi Sad on the Topographic Maps

Author(s): Nevena Ćurčić,Vuk Garača,Mlađen Jovanović / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: topographic maps; military surveys; historiographic analysis; Novi Sad;

Novi Sad was presented on a large number of detailed topographic maps since The First Military Survey of the Habsburg Empire (1763–1785) until the second half of the 20th century. Over time, the drawing of maps was improved and, in addition to that, the countries to which Novi Sad belonged had changed. Thus, depending on the time when they were drawn, their publishers and purposes, the topographic maps differed in the way they displayed contents, details, and according to the content that was represented on them. In accordance with that, the need of analyzing the historiographic contents of topographic maps of Nov Sad has arisen, along with connecting them with the historical circumstances and the circumstances of their creation. This paper deals with the topographic maps of Novi Sad, covering the period from the second half of 18th c. to the second part of the 20th c. The aim of this paper is to highlight the differences in presenting the content of topographic maps, depending on various factors. This work aims to analyze each section in details, explain their mutual comparison to the different parameters, and find and explain certain procedures used when presenting the contents on the available topographic maps. In order to complete this work, cartographic, historiographic methods and comparative analysis were used.

Movable cultural heritage. Wisdom of the Earth by Constantin Brancusi: public domain and recovery of possession

Movable cultural heritage. Wisdom of the Earth by Constantin Brancusi: public domain and recovery of possession

Author(s): Cosmin Soare-Filatov / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: national cultural heritage; cultural goods; recovery of possession; public domain; Wisdom of the Earth;

The research and consolidation of cultural heritage legal institutions have only known scarce attention and timid evolution in the past decades in Romania. In turn, the Romanian society in general seems to share the lack of concern. A true national conscience, which embraces the profound values of cultural heritage, seems to be still information after the trials of the past regime. Such a conscience cannot be taken for granted; it must be developed, it must be explained with patience and understood in its essence, it must be nurtured with a drive to know the past and the present and to build a common future. In this context, the present study is intended as a useful and attractive instrument for the review of relevant legal institutions, such as the right of ownership over movable cultural goods, the public domain and the recovery of possession of movable cultural goods. Employing the critical analysis of relevant case law, apt to stir curiosity, this study also brings to the forefront our often times inadequate comprehension of cultural heritage legal institutions.

Topography of Azak Pottery Production

Топография гончарного производства Азака

Author(s): Svetlana A. Kravchenko / Language(s): Russian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Golden Horde; Azak; potter’s workshop; localization; kiln; semifinished items

The article offers data on pottery production topography, based on the results of archaeological excavations of the Golden Horde city of Azak in 1961—2015. The material studied made it possible to single out several pottery production districts located in the north-eastern, south-western, central and south-eastern parts of the city; to establish their approximate borders and preliminary dating, as well as to reveal location peculiarities of the workshops that had belonged to 1st and 2nd group potters, who differed according to technological production level and their genetic origins.

TOWARDS A KOSOVO DEVELOPMENT PLAN. The state of the Kosovo economy and possible ways forward

TOWARDS A KOSOVO DEVELOPMENT PLAN. The state of the Kosovo economy and possible ways forward

Author(s): John Bradley,Gerald Knaus,Besim Beqaj,Andreas Wittkowsky / Language(s): English

Keywords: Kosovo Development Plan; Kosovo economy 2004; Kosovo convergence;

The key priority for this (2004) and future Kosovo governments is to identify ways in which Kosovo can catch up with the rest of Europe. The overriding goal of Kosovo’s economic policy must be to bring about a substantial process of convergence towards European living standards within the next generation.To achieve this objective all government ministries, public institutions and agencies involved in formulating and implementing economic development policy – both at the central and at the local level – need a common strategic focus. The role of UNMIK, the European Union and of international donors is to support this focus on economic and social convergence and to assist with advice and – as part of the process of European integration – economic resources.

CUTTING THE LIFELINE. Migration, Families and the Future of Kosovo

CUTTING THE LIFELINE. Migration, Families and the Future of Kosovo

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

Keywords: post-war Kosovo; money remittances; diaspora;

If there is one universal conviction about post-war Kosovo, it is that its economy is fueled by remittances from the diaspora. Policy makers make the comfortable assumption that the diaspora and its fabled generosity will continue not only to plug a major gap in Kosovo’s balance of payments, but also to provide an informal social safety net for poor households, making up for the lack of a welfare state. || This paper argues that times are changing. Remittances have fallen significantly from their post-war high, when they funded the reconstruction of homes across Kosovo. The reason is clear. Since NATO intervention in 1999, migration has swung into reverse, as more than 100,000 Kosovo Albanian refugees have been obliged to return from Germany in particular. Furthermore, the door to continuing migration is now shut, with only the lucky few with close family in the diaspora still able to go abroad through family reunification schemes. As a direct consequence, fewer than 15 percent of Kosovo families now receive regular remittances, and all the signs are that this is decreasing. The lifeline that kept rural Kosovo afloat for the past generation is being cut. This is the legacy facing a post-status Kosovo. || This report contains an unwelcome message for EU member states: it is simply incoherent to invest hundreds of millions of euros in the stabilisation of Kosovo, and at the same time to slam the door so abruptly on any further migration. It is even more incoherent that this is happening to a small society like Kosovo (less than 2 million inhabitants) at the very moment when millions of Romanians, Bulgarians, Latvians or Poles are finding employment in different parts of the European Union. If Europe is serious about finding a lasting political solution for Kosovo, it will need to identify ways in which rural Kosovars can find temporary work abroad. The alternative is to send ever more policemen to Kosovo to deal with a new generation of angry and desperate young men.

TOWARDS A KOSOVO DEVELOPMENT PLAN. The state of the Kosovo economy and possible ways forward

TOWARDS A KOSOVO DEVELOPMENT PLAN. The state of the Kosovo economy and possible ways forward

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

Keywords: ESPIG; Kosovo economy;

The ESPIG seminar on 15 July 2004 in Mitrovica brought together 120 highranking participants from the Government, UNMIK, the civil society and the international community. In its preparation, ESPIG commissioned the collection of over 400 economic policy documents, which have been compiled on a widely distributed UNMIK EU PILLAR CD. || This initiative has been made possible with the active engagement of the European Stability Initiative (ESI) and the generous support of the UK Department for International Development (DFID). || The seminar was opened by Prime Minister Bajram Rexhepi, followed by a presentation of the Minister of Finance and Economy Ali Sadriu on the Medium-Term Expenditure Framework. Amongst the discussants were the Minister for Culture, Youth and Sport, the Permanent Secretaries of the MFE and the Ministry of Transport and Communications, senior staff of most other Ministries and UNMIK Pillars, representatives from think tanks, civil society, DFID, EAR, USAID, and – last not least – the new consultant team contracted by the EAR to support ESPIG’s further work.

WHY KOSOVO NEEDS MIGRATION. From research to policy

WHY KOSOVO NEEDS MIGRATION. From research to policy

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

Keywords: Kosovo economic development; Cerrce; Lubishte;

In 2005 ESI undertook research on rural poverty, migration and remittances in Kosovo. Our conclusions were published in 2006 in a report called “Cutting the Lifeline” that showed how migration had been a necessity for many generations of young men in particular. The report also examined how after 1999, the European doors to legal work migration closed, and only the lucky few with close family in the diaspora could migrate through family reunification schemes. In the report, we described in detail the economic realities of two villages that are representative of the wider social and economic situation in Kosovo: Cerrce, located in north-west Kosovo on the border with Albania, and Lubishte, situated in the mountainous southeast. Our findings clearly showed that economic development, without significant numbers of people leaving such villages to find work, skills and capital elsewhere, is simply inconceivable. || In the decade after our research was concluded little has changed anywhere in Kosovo. In 2005 a Labour Force Survey showed an employment rate of only 29 percent among 15 to 64 year olds (and only 12 percent among women). The 2013 Labour Force Survey was no less dramatic, with an employment rate of 28.4 percent (12.9 percent among women). Close to ninety percent of adult women are not working and have no prospect of ever finding a job.

From an E-narrative Poem towards an Interactive Work of Art. Media Convergence Illustrated with DOWN by Zenon Fajfer and The Surprising Spiral by Ken Feingold

From an E-narrative Poem towards an Interactive Work of Art. Media Convergence Illustrated with DOWN by Zenon Fajfer and The Surprising Spiral by Ken Feingold

Author(s): Bogusława Bodzioch-Bryła / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: liberature;Zenon Fajfer;Ken Feingold;borderland of media and literature;new media

The text, using the example of a work belonging to the literary style (Spoglądając przez ozonową dziurę [Detect Ozone Hole Nearby] by Zenon Fajfer) and the interactive art (the installation The Surprising Spiral by Ken Feingold) analyses the idiosyncracy of works positioning themselves at the borderland of media and literature, works both literary (textual, narrative and poetic) as well as media ones (changeable, iconic, set in a computer program, double-indirect), paying attention to the meaningfulness of the disciplines borderland (in this case literary and media studies). The author stresses the reasonableness of the question asked by Katarzyna Bazarnik, whether, by accident, the “Darwinian” evolution of species continues. In the author’s opinion, based on her observation of works belonging to the literary style and the discussed work The Surprising Spiral by Ken Feingold, this question should get a positive answer. And possibly, as an effect of initiation, which has already happened, we will soon be entering the museum-gallery space not only in order to look but also to read.

The operational management evolution and its role in the industrial enterprise

The operational management evolution and its role in the industrial enterprise

Author(s): Aneta Deneva,Iskra Panteleeva / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: operational management;production process;good practices in organization;production system;

The topic introduces within the field of operational management from the standpoint of its historical-evolutionary definition context. The essential aspects are clarified, and the levels of operational management are presented. The principles of operational management are formulated in a short, systematized form. The nature and types of production systems are clarified, as well as their main elements. Definitions regarding the production process, organization of the enterprise and its main subsystems, forms of organization of the production process, forms of arrangement of the production units in space are clarified, too. The recommended fields for identifying good practices in the organization of the production process are also defined. It has been presented the main links that need to be made in terms of good practices, derived in theoretical terms and their main contributions to the enterprise to achieve the desired results by applying the good practices.

RETIREMENT ASPIRATIONS OF TEACHERS ALIGNED WITH CURRENT PRIORITIES IN LIFE

RETIREMENT ASPIRATIONS OF TEACHERS ALIGNED WITH CURRENT PRIORITIES IN LIFE

Author(s): Verica Jovanovski,Ivana Barković Bojanić / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: retirement planning; teachers; life aspirations; aging population; society;

Population aging and its repercussions have a powerful impact on the traditional concept of retirement and the established transition patterns from work to retirement. Demographic statistics in the twenty-first century show low fertility and low mortality rates for most countries, leading to the Croatian population aging. Several trends impact the aging population: most people live much longer lives, have better health, and have different personal expectations than generations before us. For example, people now expect to live longer after leaving full-time work. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the retirement and post-retirement attitudes of teachers aligned with the current priorities in life. The paper aims to present the changing perception of aging from biological, economic and social perception and investigate how teachers in the region of Slavonia view their pension plans, life expectancies, and the expected needs in old and retirement age. This paper analyzes part of the data collected in the survey conducted on a sample of 5%of 11,839 teachers employed in elementary and secondary schools in the five Slavonian counties: Virovitica-Podravina, Požega-Slavonia, Brod-Posavina, Osijek-Baranja and Vukovar-Srijem counties. The research results may be beneficial for age-friendly policy-making and administrative reforms needed to accommodate the Croatian „silvering” of economy and society.

The Covid-19 Pandemic and Syrian Women Refugees from a Gender Perspective

The Covid-19 Pandemic and Syrian Women Refugees from a Gender Perspective

Author(s): Senem Gürkan‬,Erkan Perşembe / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Covid-19; Pandemic; Syrian Women Refugees; Gender Perspective; Syrian; Women; Refugees;

The last days of 2019 brought some dramatic changes in all facet of our lives. The world faced with coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which was declared as “pandemic” on March 11, 2020 by The World Health Organization and on the same date, the first case was seen in Turkey (SB, 2020; WHO, 2020). The pandemic had unprecedented impacts all over the world and undoubtedly affected each and every individual, bringing new practices and changes in social life, called “new normal” (Akca and TepeKüçükoğlu, 2020). These impacts can be seen both during the downturn and the subsequent recovery period, constituting the major aspect of the sociology of COVID-19.

Some notes on the commercial concession contract

Some notes on the commercial concession contract

Author(s): Sónia de Carvalho / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: concession; distribution; contracts; commercial law;

The concession contract, to which the majority of legal scholars recognize the legal nature of a framework contract, is a commercial contract, which establishes a complex and long lasting contractual relationship, under which the grantor undertakes to sell to the concessionaire, and the latter to buy from him, for resale, a certain quantity of goods, assuming the risk of marketing the goods. The integration of the dealer, who acts on its own behalf and in its own name, in the grantor's network, is ensured by the compliance with certain obligations, relating to commercial policy and promotional and after sales services, under the control and supervision of the grantor. The concession contract started out as a sales contract concluded between the producer and the trader, who acted in his own name and for his own account, characterised by the existence of an exclusivity clause in favour of the latter, provided that he undertook to purchase a certain quantity of products. This negotiating scheme has, however, undergone alterations as a result of the greater integration of the distributor in the network of the licensor, resulting from the complex web of rights and duties around the parties, with emphasis on the transformation of the exclusivity clause, hitherto considered a social type element, into one of several possible clauses of the contract. Considering that we are dealing with a legally atypical, but socially typical contract, it is necessary to point out the most relevant clauses of the contract, which are essential to sustain that this contract belongs to distribution contracts, an autonomous category. The supply chain crisis currently experienced worldwide following the Pandemic COVD 19 and the role that this contract can play in the commercial distribution, by allowing the manufacturer to achieve greater efficiency in the distribution of its products, justifies the analysis of the main features of this contract.

Marketing 4.0: Emerging Technologies That are Refining Digital Marketing

Marketing 4.0: Emerging Technologies That are Refining Digital Marketing

Author(s): Fathima Raj Kilimas,Ashish Chandra,Narendra Rustagi / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Marketing 4.0; Emerging Technologies; Digital Marketing;

Technology can be defined as the application of scientific knowledge to meet a specific practical need. This definition is an all-embracing one and is more relevant in a world which has seen its influence permeate every facet of the present-day life at a rapid pace. However, its influence can be embodied in the diverse industries that have emerged in this century. Certain industries are anticipated to change so much in the coming 20 years than they have in the last two centuries (Morrison, 2017). To counter the impact of technology and to ensure that they never lose sight of the race, industry giants are investing a huge chunk of their revenue on Research and Development; and its (R&D) part of the pie is always on the rise year-on-year (Loeb, 2018). The computational and analytical ability of AI systems are increasing faster than Moore’s Law (Perrault, 2019). Such prowess has enabled the emergence of a multitude of streams rooted in Artificial Intelligence and related technologies.

REGIONALIZATION, REGIONAL MARKETING AND REGIONAL COMPANIES IN WESTERN BALKAN COUNTRIES

REGIONALIZATION, REGIONAL MARKETING AND REGIONAL COMPANIES IN WESTERN BALKAN COUNTRIES

Author(s): Anto Domazet / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: regionalization; Western Balkan; convergence of environment; regional marketing; regional company;

Regionalization of the Western Balkans countries is presented as a process of integration of national economies in the region based on the liberalization of flows of goods, capital, labor, information and ideas. Regionalization is taking place on two levels: at the individual country level and at the level of companies. Effects of regionalization are reflected in economic growth and development through the fostering of mutual trade, foreign direct investment and competitiveness. Regionalization creates a regional market, which is for the Western Balkan countries institutionally organized in the form of CEFTA. In the same time nearly all Western Balkan countries have a certain level of association and integration with European Union. In the context of international marketing regionalization is a process of convergence of marketing environment. This leads to a convergence of consumer needs and consumers creating a “regional consumer” with homogenized needs and preferences in consumption. So it allows the standardization of marketing on a regional basis and products with the effects of economies of scale and fragmentation of the value chain in different locations within the region. Regional marketing is a market concept exploiting market opportunities offered by regional markets and resources in the region. On the basis of a regional marketing approach a new type of regional companies that are oriented to market demand in the region is developed. Regional companies have primary focus to the similarities between the regional consumer segments and opportunities for regional resource use and investment in the region. For each country in the Western Balkans, due to the small economic area, regional market is extremely important for generating economic growth. Applying regional marketing and creating competitive regional companies is a promising way to use the potential of regional markets as much as possible. This also creates the necessary conditions for the competitiveness of regional companies in the EU market.