Keywords: Gazeta Wyborcza; Super Express; newspapers; journalists; HIV; Piotr Pacewicz; medical information; sexual relationships
Lurid press reports set off a wide-ranging discussion of human rights and deteriorating press standards.
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Keywords: mythology; art, cyborgs; order; chaos
We aim to understand how different conceptions of the world coexisted, were creat-ed and maintained, and to understand the differences between classical and contempo-rary mythology in the art context. Are we living in post-mythological times? Is there a pattern or a semblance of structure in both classical mythology and contemporary myths such as the cyborg? Can we stretch the definition of mythology so that it encom-passes everything that in some way tries to imbue a sense of order in the chaos of human life?
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Keywords: Azerbaijan; Aliev; Internet; censorship; satire
An online prankster plays a serious game with Azerbaijan’s government. Third in a series on political satire in the former Soviet Union. This is the third article in an occasional series about political satire in the former Soviet Union.
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Keywords: Émancipation féminine; caricatures; humour; revues satiriques; l’image de la femme; Tchécoslovaquie dans les années 1920-1930
This article analyses the image of the women’s emancipation in the Prague humorous magazines during the first decade of the existence of the new Czechoslovak republic. The criticisms of women’s independence due to a new live style (such as the new fashion, music and dances) are common in conservative magazines. The aesthetic of these images shows the nostalgia for the housewife and is a legacy of the Biedermeier style, typical of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. On the other hand, the avant-garde artistes represent modern woman as a strong personality. The attention given to the women’s topic shows the importance of women’s rights in Czechoslovakian society. The parity between men and women is written in the constitution, as well as women’s right to vote. The mythological pattern of the brave woman, princess Libuše, the founder of the city of Prague, appears at this periode in humorous magazines as a reminder of the Czech legend and ascribe woman a new role: the moral leader in hard times.
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Isabelle CHARLEUX (Editor), Grégory DELAPLACE (Editor), Roberte HAMAYON (Editor), Scott PEARCE (Editor), Representing Power in Modern Inner Asia: Conventions, Alternatives and Oppositions, Center for East Asian Studies, Western Washington University, 516 High Street, Bellingham, WA, USA, 2010, Paperback, Volume 31, 357 p.
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Keywords: prose fiction; J.M.Coetzee; Voltaire; parody; civil war; South Africa; allegory
The aim of the essay is to demonstrate that John Maxwell Coetzee’s Life and Times of Michael K can be perceived as a parody of Voltaire’s Candide, a novel intended as a ridicule of Leibniz’s Theodicy. While Voltaire proposed to withdraw from the world and ‘‘to cultivate one’s own garden” as a remedy to Leibniz’s ill-conceived optimism, Coetzee shows that Voltaire’s praise of passivity and life in accordance with nature, symbolized by a retreat into gardening, is as erratic as Leibniz’s philosophy. The essay concludes that Coetzee’s Michael K can be treated as a caricature of Voltaire’s Candide.
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Keywords: caricatures of the prophet Muhammad; Jylland-Posten; Muslims in Denmark
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Keywords: Art review;József Faragó
A review of "The Way We Are. Cartoons and Prints of József Faragó (1866-1906)." October 12th2012 to June 23rd 2013. Hungarian National Gallery, Budapest.
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Keywords: CLIL; communicative approach; multiple intelligences; History; German.
Teaching History in German Language through CLIL Approach: Proposal of Educational Intervention. This paper represents a proposal of teaching history in German language through CLIL approach, with particular reference to Erich Ohser's political caricatures created during the Nazi period. With regard to scientific literature, the aim of this paper is to support the CLIL approach in secondary schools in spite of some difficulties such as the time management and the teachers’ research of suitable sources for both content and learners' linguistic level. Apart from the abovementioned problems, this paper illustrates solutions and advantages of the CLIL approach verifiable during the proposed learning unit.
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Keywords: poetic play; allegory; moralizing irony;
Țiganiada” is built through a constant play between revealing and hiding, as a vast epic movement, but often broken, creating the impression of global unity through a subtle art of fragmentation. Budai-Deleanu rectifies the ludicrous spirit, willing to offer "a play" or, as Cervantes said, an honnesto entretenimineto. A world built of pieces of mirror, a world turned upside down, contemplated sometimes with sadness and sometimes with disconnected smile;a heroic-comic-satirical poem with a moral-religious, pedagogical and patriotic purpose.
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Keywords: ironía; parodia; poesía; simbolismo; desprecio;
La escritura de Ion Minulescu abarca la evolución del simbolismo rumano alcanzado en su madurez teniendo como puntos de referencia a George Bacovia, Alexandru Macedonski, Ştefan Petică, Dimitrie Anghel, Mircea Demetriad, Traian Demetrescu. Las obras minulescianas constituyen la tercera etapa, la del simbolismo exterior, en la que la ironía es la técnica principal utilizada en sus letras. Tengo la intención de explorar algunos de los textos de Minulescu, para confirmar que la ironía, con sus diferentes “máscaras” (auto-ironía, parodia, desacralización, incluso sátira) se usa para revelar una cierta atmósfera. Observaremos la influencia que la experiencia personal y su interés por el espacio urbano tuvieron sobre sus escritos. El poeta deconstruye la imagen estereotipada del amor que ya no se considera ideal, y presenta la religión como ya no es sagrada.
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Keywords: political discourse; discourse; Cold War; image; societal discourse;
The end of the World War Two had marked a significant change in the foreign relations balance, especially in the role and the number of the major powers which included for that moment USSR and USA which led to the Cold War start. It is questionable and scientifically interesting to reveal how the Canadian attitude to the later-Stalinist Soviet Union had changed from mostly allied to mostly hostile. Using the visual history approach among with the discourse studies, the author studied how this relation change had occurred using the caricatures as the primary sources. The article concludes that the change in the attitude was slow and was speeded by first Cold War conflicts and tensions which all were reflected, especially like the Korean War. The author also connects these transformations with the internal changes like the Gouzenko Affair and the change of leadership. In the same time, it is stated that negative connotation and portraying of the USSR as an aggressor were done without trying to humiliate the Soviet State, viewing the Cold War as a result not only of the East aggressive policies, but also of the West.
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Keywords: history; historical source; Soviet childhood; “Pionerskaya Pravda”; caricature; USSR; second half of 1920s;
This paper deals with the phenomenon of newspaper caricature and its influence on the life of Soviet children. Caricatures were widely used by the Soviet authorities as a means of official propaganda, in children’s periodicals as well. For children, they were employed to create an image of the “standardized” Soviet child, through cartooning and criticism of antipodes. The analysis of caricatures from the pages of the “Pionerskaya Pravda” newspaper dating back to the second half of the 1920s revealed the ways by which various archetypes developed in the satirical ideological images. Their strong impact on children was demonstrated. The caricatures for young readers of “Pionerskaya Pravda” were considered as a creolized text (binary – verbal–non-verbal) with categorical, simplified, political, and educational purposes. A classification of caricature images based on their genre and content was developed. The value of newspaper caricatures as a source for reconstruction of children’s “sovetization” in the USSR during the second half of the 1920s was discussed.
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Keywords: cartoon; meme; gender role;
Woven into the fabric of our everyday life, different forms of media insinuate messages that restore traditional hierarchies of male-female relationships and signal the incongruity between ‘woman’ and the man-dominated public sphere. Among these, editorial cartoons and internet memes (their more recent offspring) play their part in naturalising the patriarchal order when representing women politicians, reiterating thus societal norms and cultural assumptions that confine woman to the domestic space (albeit through verbal-visual forms of humour, mockery or caricature). Combining insights from semiotics with Kanter’s theory of the “role traps” (1993) devised for women in leading positions, the paper will address instances of gender stereotyping and typecasting in editorial cartoons and internet memes which mediate representations of female political leaders (from Hillary Clinton and Theresa May to Viorica Dăncilă, Romania’s first woman prime minister) both as records of public controversies that affect a community at a given time, as well as clues to the discourses which normalise a gendered-biased “homo politicus”.
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Keywords: caricatures; Hungarian Reform Era (1825–1848); portraits; public realms; common sense; visual representation;
In the modern cultural industry, visual representation acquired a special role. In East-Central Europe, portraits made in this crucial epoch created a solid visual canon of the national classics. Another sign of this cultural transformation is the new structure of the public realms, because of the functional transformation of the usage of urban places. In the case of the topic of this paper, the Hungarian Reform Era (1825–1848) was this crucial epoch. In the present paper, an overview of the appearance of the portraits of the known intellectuals will be offered. In the non-censored press of the revolutionary period, the genre of caricature appeared as a counterpart of these ‘star-portraits’, as it will be shown in the next section. In the last section, a tension of these highly individualised portraits will be analysed both in the idealistic form of ‘star-portraits’ and the caricatures, and the appearance of the same figures within the visual representation of the revolutionary mass-scenes. The most emblematic location from this point of view is the place around the Hungarian National Museum. In the history of the European philosophy, this transformation of the visual representation and the usage of public realms is connected with the subsequent waves of the common sense philosophy from its Scottish roots through the philosophy to its special role in the Hungarian intellectual life.
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Keywords: propaganda; satirical drawing; foreign policy; the Holocaust; Israel; Iran
The main purpose of this article is the explanation of the relationship between satirical drawing as a propaganda tool and the vectors of the international policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with particular emphasis on the State of Israel. The subject of the description is the use of satirical drawing by Iranian cultural institutions in creating anti-Israel policy and striving for its broadest visibility in an international perspective. Propaganda, due to its persuasive potential, transforming perception and leading to manipulation of behaviors, requires appropriate tools with which symbols, slogans and keywords are activated to – paraphrasing John Austin – create the desired reality with the help of an appropriate narrative1. The article adopts the hypothesis that Iranian visual propaganda plays an important role in creating an anti-Israel discourse. Detailed research questions focus on the way in which Iran uses images (icons/ symbols) to implement its anti-Israel campaign, institutions constructing propaganda discourse, situations conducive to creating such discourses, and the nature of relations between propaganda and other political activities towards Israel, as well as towards USA. The article refers to selected contents of visual propaganda which, according to the author, refer to the most important aspects of Iranian-Israeli relations (in the Iranian-American context as well), including in particular the importance of the Holocaust remembrance policy and its relation to the contemporary Middle East situation, especially the Palestinian problem. In the empirical process, the visual forms of propaganda discourse were analyzed in terms of hybrid multisemiotic structures, and in the theoretical part, the most commonly used classical formal methods in this type of research were used.
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