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Legal protection of journalistic sources

Zakonska zaštita novinarskih izvora

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bosnian

Keywords: Public law; constitution; media; newspaper sources; journalist; legislation; legal protection; BiH; Macedonia; Slovenia; Klix;

Sa aspekta naše zemlje, te (ne)potpunih odredaba zakona na svim nivoima vlasti i iz različitih oblasti, postoji potreba da se prava i slobode novinara na fer i nepristrasno izvještavanje poštuju i da pritisci na njihov rad prestanu, uključujući i pritiske na odavanje izvora informacija. Stoga bi, kao polazna osnova za dalji rad i napredniju zaštitu: - u najkraćem mogućem vremenu trebalo pristupiti izradi izmjena i/ili dopuna postojećih zakona, radi uspostave što bolje zaštite slobode medija, sa posebnim osvrtom na prava novinara – naročito u pogledu zaštite izvora informacija; - pristupiti izradi i usvajanju zakona koji reguliraju status lica koja prijavljuju korupciju na svim nivoima vlasti u Bosni i Hercegovini; - staviti van snage konretne zakonske propise koji, na bilo koji način, ograničavaju prava i slobode novinara (ali i ostalih građana, bez obzira na zanimanje); - pristupiti ujednačavanju odredbi različitih zakona, u smislu zaštite prava novinara i novinarskih sloboda, a posebno sa aspekta zaštite izvora informacija; - jasno definirati zaštitu izvora u pogledu informacija za čije objavljivanje postoji „pretežniji javni interes“ (za ovo postoji osnova u presudama Evropskog suda za ljudska prava); - kada je to u funkciji zaštite javnosti i javnih, nacionalnih interesa jasno definirati sve izuzetke u smislu zaštite izvora informacija kako bi se uspostavila usaglašenosti sa EKLJP u pogledu izuzetaka koji moraju biti jasno i nedvosmisleno propisani, kako bi se omogućilo svim zainteresiranim stranama da predvide eventualne posljedice određene akcije; - istražiti i sankcionirati sve dosadašnje pokušaje i učinjene pritiske na novinare, te spriječiti sve buduće pokušaje da dođe do ograničavanja njihovih prava; - implementirati Zaključke usvojene na 3. sjednici Predstavničkog doma Parlamentarne skupštine Bosne i Hercegovine o obavezi Vijeća ministara BiH, posebno Ministarstva sigurnosti Bosne i Hercegovine, da pripremi i dostavi na razmatranje Predstavničkom domu informaciju o pojavama pritisaka i zastrašivanja novinara; - osigurati da Vijeće ministara i druge nadležne institucije, najmanje dva puta godišnje dostavljaju informaciju o stanju i slobodi medija u Bosni i Hercegovini. U svim prethodnim poglavljima skrenuta je pažnja na najznačajnije dokumente koji uspostavljaju i štite pravo na slobodu izražavanja, govora, medija i zaštite novinarskih izvora informacija. Također, predstavljeni su i najznačajniji slučajevi vođeni pred Evropskim sudom za ljudska prava, koji predstavljaju jednako važan izvor prava i osiguravaju tumačenje odredbi najvažnijih međunarodnih dokumenata iz ove oblasti. No, svjedoci smo da se prava i slobode krše i to, najčešće, na vrlo grub način. Razlog je zaštite vladajućih stranaka ili lica koja na neki način vrše javnu vlast. Sloboda medija i sloboda izražavanja su osnovna ljudska prava i uživaju, odnosno moraju uživati, najveći stepen zaštite. Slobodni mediji su, kako je više puta i naglašeno, jedan od osnovnih stubova demokratije i svakog društva koje teži dostizanju najviših demokratskih vrijednosti, a slobodnih medija nema bez zaštite lica koja im osiguravaju pravovremene i istinite informacije i njihove informante. Rješenju se mora težiti u što potpunijoj zaštiti, kako kroz zakonodavstvo, tako i kroz praksu. Prethodni redovi su upravo i inspirirani takvom potrebom.

WEEK - Issue 029. Thursday 19 December 2002

JÁVA - Numri 029. 19 Dhetor 2002

Author(s): Migjen Kelmendi,Rexhep Ismajli,Artan Muhaxhiri,Ardian Vehbiu,Gani Jakupi,Virgjil Muçi,Willy Kamsi / Language(s): Albanian

Keywords: Nepotism in Kosovo; Kosovo 2002;

WEEK - Issue 033. Thursday 23 January 2003

JÁVA - Numri 033. e ejte 23 kallnor 2003

Author(s): Tomislav Novović,Migjen Kelmendi,Leon Malazogu,Valentin Batalaku,Sara Kelmendi,Edi Muka,Shkënder Gashi,Albana Rexhepaj / Language(s): Albanian

Keywords: Kosovo 2003;Arbën Xhaferi;

WEEK - Issue 035. Thursday 6 February 2003

JÁVA - Numri 035. e ejte 6 fror 2003

Author(s): Arlinda Desku,Halil Matoshi,Alma Bejtullahu,Ardian Ndreca,Ardian Vehbiu,Arianit Osmani,Elvira Dones,Albana Rexhepaj / Language(s): Albanian

Keywords: Kosovo 2003; Shaban Dragaj;

WEEK - Issue 042. Thursday March 27, 2003

JÁVA - Numri 042. e ejte 27 mars 2003

Author(s): Arianit Osmani,Shqipe Shasivari,Xhelal Neziri,Elvira Dones,Agron Krasniqi,Remzi Shala,Rina Meta / Language(s): Albanian

Keywords: Kosovo 2003;Bajram Rexhepi;

WEEK - Issue 043. Thursday April 3, 2003

JÁVA - Numri 043. e ejte 3 prill 2003

Author(s): Migjen Kelmendi,Ramush Tahiri,Arianit Osmani,Xhelal Neziri,Ulpiana Lama,Paul Berman,Bernard Zeneli,Visar Reka,Eki Rrahmani,Irhan Jubica / Language(s): Albanian

Keywords: Kosovo 2003;

WEEK - Issue 045. Thursday April 17, 2003

JÁVA - Numri 045. e ejte 17 prill 2003

Author(s): Asdren Gashi,Petrit Selimi,Ramush Tahiri,Xhelal Neziri,Jelena Bjelica,Femi Cakolli,Aferdita Meholli,Fadil Dragaj,Virgjil Muçi,Paul Berman,Rina Meta,Oriana Fallaci / Language(s): Albanian

Keywords: Kosovo 2003;Erhard Busek;Richard Harden;

WEEK - Issue 049. Thursday May 22, 2003

JÁVA - Numri 049. e ejte 22 maj 2003

Author(s): Asdren Gashi,Xhelal Neziri,Peter Hawthorne,Dejan Anastasijević,Gëzim Selaci,Ramush Tahiri,Oriana Fallaci / Language(s): Albanian

Keywords: Kosovo 2003;

WEEK - Issue 054. Thursday June 26, 2003

JÁVA - Numri 054. e ejte 26 qershor 2003

Author(s): Migjen Kelmendi,Shkëlzen Maliqi,Ardian Ndreca,Sharon Waxman,Dubravka Ugrešić,Beqir Morina,Ardian Jasiqi,Amanda Ripley,Jelena Bjelica / Language(s): Albanian

Keywords: Kosovo 2003;

WEEK - Issue 056. Thursday July 10, 2003

JÁVA - Numri 056. e ejte 10 korrik 2003

Author(s): Ramush Tahiri,Petrit Selimi,Ragip Luta,Femi Cakolli,Robert Elsie,Gani Jakupi,Jelena Bjelica / Language(s): Albanian

Keywords: Kosovo 2003;Mother Tereza;

WEEK - Issue 057. Thursday July 17, 2003

JÁVA - Numri 057. e ejte 17 korrik 2003

Author(s): Migjen Kelmendi,Tomislav Novović,Shkëlzen Maliqi,Jelena Milić,Mërgim Korça,Boris Buden,Jelena Bjelica / Language(s): Albanian

Keywords: Kosovo 2003;

WEEK - Issue 060. Thursday August 21, 2003

JÁVA - Numri 060. e ejte 21 gusht 2003

Author(s): Shkëlzen Maliqi,Jelena Milić,Arlinda Desku,Chris Hughes,Ardian Klosi,Ilir Dugolli / Language(s): Albanian

Keywords: Kosovo 2003; Wesley Clark ;Gjon Shllaku;

WEEK - Issue 065. Thursday September 25, 2003

JÁVA - Numri 065. e ejte 25 shtator 2003

Author(s): Shkëlzen Maliqi,Arlinda Desku,Gjergj Erebara,Fahredin Shehu ,Met Behluli,Shpresa Bushi / Language(s): Albanian

Keywords: Kosovo 2003;Ramush Haradinaj;Bill Clinton;

WEEK - Issue 066. Thursday October 2, 2003

JÁVA - Numri 066. e ejte 2 tetor 2003

Author(s): Ramush Tahiri,Artan Muhaxhiri,Artur Korriku,Dejan Anastasijević,Valentin Batalaku,Chris Hughes,Petrit Selimi,Gjeneza Budima / Language(s): Albanian

Keywords: Kosovo 2003;Adem Demaçi;Anton Çefa;

WEEK - Issue 067. Thursday October 9, 2003

JÁVA - Numri 067. e ejte 9 tetor 2003

Author(s): Shkëlzen Maliqi,Kol Leka,Qerim Qerimi,Chris Hughes,Artan Muhaxhiri,Vesa Sahatçiu,Fahredin Shehu ,Petrit Selimi,Gjeneza Budima / Language(s): Albanian

Keywords: Kosovo 2003;Ibrahim Rugova;Hashim Thaçi;

WEEK - Issue 074. Thursday November 27, 2003

JÁVA - Numri 074. e ejte 27 nandor 2003

Author(s): Petrit Selimi,Ramush Tahiri,Shkëlzen Maliqi,Arlinda Desku,Arianit Osmani,Laureta Roshi,Gjergj Erebara,Fjolla Çeku,Chris Hughes,Albert Ramaj,Sara Kelmendi / Language(s): Albanian

Keywords: Kosovo 2003;

WEEK - Issue 076. Thursday December 11, 2003

JÁVA - Numri 076. e ejte 11 dhetor 2003

Author(s): Ramush Tahiri,Migjen Kelmendi,Petrit Selimi,Ylli Pango,Gëzim Mekuli,Chris Hughes,Albert Ramaj,Sara Kelmendi / Language(s): Albanian

Keywords: Kosovo 2003;

WEEK - Issue 080. Thursday January 15, 2004

JÁVA - Numri 080. e ejte 15 kallnor 2004

Author(s): Migjen Kelmendi,Ramush Tahiri,Arlinda Desku,Gjergj Erebara,Afërdita Çarkaxhiu,Ardian Ndreca,Fahredin Shehu / Language(s): Albanian

Keywords: Kosovo 2004;

About language beyond itself

O jeziku izvan sebe

Author(s): Rada Iveković / Language(s): Serbian

Keywords: Yugoslavia; translation; politics;

Pogovor za hrvatsko izdanje knjige „Politike prevođenja“, Fraktura, Zagreb 2022 (Politiques de la traduction – Exercices de partage, Terra-HN Editions, 2019), sa francuskog prevela Milena Ostojić. Ovo je tekst razmišljanja o prevođenju jedne knjige o prevođenju, o prevedenim autorima i prevoditeljicama. Kada mi je izdavač Seid Serdarević, uz sugestiju i podršku Igora Štiksa, predložio da se ova moja knjiga prevede, ja se, naivno, nisam odmah dosjetila jadu – da će to implicirati da i ja budem prevedena i da radim na samom prevođenju, premda sam to mogla pretpostaviti. Koristim priliku da usput podvučem jedinstvenu „prevodilačku“ ulogu Igora Štiksa, filozofa, profesora, pisca i posrednika koji je i sam postao važna nenametljiva institucija, povezivača u prostoru zemalja nasljednica Jugoslavije, i na terenu zajedničkog jezika. On prevodi među našim zemljama, jezicima i kulturama i otvara skučene horizonte. Njegove brojne inicijative u oblasti očuvanja i njegovanja zajedničke kulture (njega, i njegovih prijatelja u Zagrebu, Sarajevu, Beogradu i drugdje, srećom ima ih) već daju vidljive rezultate i temeljac su u izgradnji alternativne budućnosti i prošlosti naših zemalja i kultura poslije četiri toksične decenije.

Flexible Labor in an Inflexible Environment - Reforms of Labor Market Institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina in a Comparative Perspective

Flexible Labor in an Inflexible Environment - Reforms of Labor Market Institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina in a Comparative Perspective

Author(s): Amar Numanović,Mirna Jusić / Language(s): English

Keywords: BiH; labour market; institutions; reforms; flexible labour;

The labor market in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) faces serious problems: in 2014, the employment rate was at a very low 31.7%, and the unemployment rate for persons 15 and above was as high as 27.5%. Wartime destruction of industrial infrastructure, loss of business networks due to the dissolution of Yugoslavia, inadequate adaptation to the new business and technological environment, as well as unsuccessful privatization processes in the post-war transition period are some of the factors that have negatively impacted both the creation of new and the maintenance of existing jobs. The consequences of this state of affairs include a low labor force participation and high structural unemployment, migration of the working age cohort to other countries, the unresolved status of workers “lost in transition,” as well as social insecurity and a high poverty rate. Although there is consensus in BiH that the status quo is unsustainable, labor market reforms to date have been slow and partial, lacking a clear vision of the labor market model to be pursued. Recently, labor market reforms have found their way onto the agenda of decision-makers, primarily due to the obligations BiH undertook towards the International Monetary Fund (IMF) within the standby arrangement, as well as commitments under the “Reform Agenda,” which is “closely aligned with the aims of the EU’s new approach to economic governance in the Western Balkans.” The Agenda has been adopted by entity and state-level governments in the context of acquiring candidate status for membership in the European Union (EU). Reform proposals in this area have also been articulated within the “Compact for Growth and Jobs” (CGJ) initiative of the European Delegation to BiH, as well as the BiH Council of Ministers’ National Economic Reform Programme (NERP) for BiH for 2015. To encourage employment and creation of new jobs, reform proposals primarily focus on increasing the flexibility of working conditions by improving the labor law and changing collective agreements , but also by reducing the tax burden on labor. The proposed reforms are primarily concerned with increasing labor market flexibility, but to a lesser extent pertain to issues of protecting workers and their income security in the event of unemployment, and are only marginally concerned with the issue of employability (e.g. through lifelong learning, active employment measures, etc.), even though these are important aspects of the “flexicurity” policy in the European Union. In other words, the current discourse on policy change in the field largely disregards important elements of the labor market. This begs the question to what extent reform proposals have taken into account the existing institutional environment of the BiH labor market and how the flexibility of working conditions, as the key aspect of reforms, would affect labor market performance in interaction with the institutional environment. Concerning the above, this study rests on the assumption that different reform options should be considered in their wider institutional context. This would mean focusing not only on the impact of labor legislation on labor market performance, but also on the impact that institutions, such as collective bargaining mechanisms, policies, programs and the institutional framework for employment, social insurance policies, minimum wage, labor taxation and making work pay policies, as well as existing configurations of institutions, have on labor market performance. Based on insights into policies and practices in the labor market realm in other European countries, particularly the European Union, this study aims to contribute to an understanding of available reform needs and options, and their possible implications for BiH. In order to assess the state of the labor market and the reform path in BiH, the analysis is situated within a wider conceptual framework that defines the basic terminology, indicates important elements of the labor market and provides an overview of the main discussions and their implications for public policies in this field. A more detailed analysis is performed with respect to employment protection legislation, labor cost and taxation, collective bargaining mechanisms, and employment policies. Comparative experiences from other European countries are taken into account in order to consider possible reform paths, but also to understand the impact of different institutional and other contextual factors on labor market performance. European countries are used as points of comparison, not just because of their similar institutional environments and the European perspective of BiH, but also because current reform proposals heavily rely on EU standards and practices in this domain. In terms of methodology, this is a comparative study that combines multiple methods of data gathering: a review of secondary literature and available statistical indicators, an analysis of the institutional and legal framework in BiH and EU countries, and semi-structured interviews with representatives of organizations and institutions in BiH involved in different aspects of the BiH labor market or in labor market reforms. Given that this research is limited by the dearth of important statistical indicators about the BiH labor market, and also given the fact that it was conducted for the purposes of a study that aims to inform an expert debate in the context of public policy making in this domain in BiH, it is important to note that it does not aim to explain the impact of various contextual factors on the performance of the labor market in BiH. Such analyses would certainly be useful for a better understanding of the BiH labor market, but they fall outside the scope of this study. An overview of conceptual debates in the domain of the labor market and its institutions is given below. This is followed by an overview of BiH labor market dynamics and trends, various BiH labor market institutions in comparative perspective, and concluding remarks.