Zapożyczenia włoskie w dziejach polszczyzny (XVI-XIX w.)
Italian Loanwords in the History of the Polish Language (16th–19th Centuries)

Author(s): Magdalena Pietrzak
Subject(s): Language studies, Language and Literature Studies
Published by: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Keywords: italian loanwords; middle polish period; 19th-Century Polish; language adaptation processes; polish–italian contacts
Summary/Abstract: The article focuses on three travel reports (letters from a journey) written by Henryk Sienkiewicz during his trips to Italy, as well as on the image of Rome depicted in two of his novels — Without Dogma (1890) and The Połaniecki Family (1894). The first two texts, From Venice and Letter from Rome, document the writer’s first journey to Italy in 1879, while the third, From Italian Impressions. Nervi, describes his impressions from the trip undertaken in 1893. The study draws attention to Sienkiewicz’s methods of depicting reality — monuments, artifacts, and characteristic places — as well as to the perspective and point of view preserved in the descriptions. The analysis demonstrates that in his portrayals of Italian cities and sites, Sienkiewicz employs techniques characteristic of the artistic style. His texts are notably rich in sensory expressions. The sensualism of his descriptions is achieved through a variety of linguistic and stylistic means. Synesthetic expressions, onomatopoeias, and vocabulary related to light and color predominate. Metaphors, similes, and enumerative sequences play a significant role in creating mood and atmosphere.

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