ZELENI POREZI KAO INSTRUMENT U RJEŠAVANJU EKOLOŠKIH PROBLEMA
GREEN TAXES AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR ADDRESSING ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

Author(s): Stefan Blagojević
Subject(s): Business Economy / Management, Environmental and Energy policy, Environmental interactions, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting, Green Transformation
Published by: Finrar d.o.o Banja Luka
Keywords: sustainable development concept; environment; green taxes; environmental issues;
Summary/Abstract: The predominant developmental paradigm embraced by the majority of countries worldwide is the concept of sustainable development. This concept entails the necessity of aligning various dimensions of economic, social, and technological progress with the criteria of ecological sustainability. As a developmental framework, sustainable development was adopted at the European level in 1990, and globally in 1992. The state plays a pivotal role in the implementation of this concept, particularly through its interventionist function in influencing economic activities to incorporate ecological principles and standards, with the objective of reducing environmental pollution. Green (environmental) taxes, as instruments of economic-environmental policy, are of considerable importance in the pursuit of sustainable development. They serve to incentivize environmentally responsible behavior by internalizing ecological costs into product pricing. Nonetheless, the reform of environmental taxation and the introduction of green taxes commenced only in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Prior to this, most countries primarily sought to address environmental challenges through legal regulations and the imposition of environmental protection fees. However, the growing magnitude of pollution highlighted the inadequacy of existing instruments and underscored the need for additional economic-environmental mechanisms, thereby prompting the introduction of green taxes.

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