Święty Hieronim a kobiety
Saint Jerome and Women

Author(s): Bazyli Degórski OSPPE
Subject(s): Christian Theology and Religion, Cultural history, Studies of Literature, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
Published by: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Keywords: Saint Jerome; Women in early Christianity; Female monasticism; Spiritual mentorship; Early Christian monasticism
Summary/Abstract: The relationship between Saint Jerome and women has often been noted by scholars, though usually concluded with the observation that he was comfortable in female company. This study explores the topic in two parts. The first examines Jerome’s portrayal of women in his hagiographical trilogy about three great hermit monks: Paul of Thebes, Hilarion of Gaza, and Malchus. The second focuses on Jerome as a spiritual guide and mentor to Roman aristocratic women. In his 'Vitae Sanctorum Eremitarum', written throughout his life, Jerome’s attitude towards women evolves - from fear and suspicion in Vita Pauli to admiration for saintly women in 'Vita Hilarionis' and 'Vita Malchi'. Over time, he acknowledges the dignity of women, especially as mothers and promoters of faith. Additionally, Jerome played a crucial role in shaping female monasticism in Rome, guiding aristocratic women like Marcella and Paula. Despite criticism, he defended ascetic life and emphasized the importance of scriptural study for women. His influence extended to the establishment of female monastic communities in both Rome and Bethlehem, making him a key figure in the history of early Christian monasticism.

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