RUSSIA: A TERRORIST STATE AND SPONSOR OF TERRORISM
RUSSIA: A TERRORIST STATE AND SPONSOR OF TERRORISM

Author(s): Iulian-Constantin MĂNĂILESCU
Subject(s): Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Military policy, Peace and Conflict Studies
Published by: Carol I National Defence University Publishing House
Keywords: terrorism; security; Hezbollah; Hamas, crime; terrorist groups; Russia.
Summary/Abstract: This paper explores Russia’s role in international terrorism, highlighting its involvement in political terrorism through the calculated elimination of political adversaries and former intelligence agents. The Kremlin has employed tactics such as planned assassinations, using highly toxic substances like polonium-210 and Novichok, while leveraging its intelligence agencies to carry out these covert operations. This analysis shows how these actions align with Russia’s broader strategy of transnational repression, which the Russian government justifies as part of its“political warfare” against perceived enemies. The paper also delves into Russia’s relations with extremist groups in the Middle East, specifically Hezbollah and Hamas. These relationships reflect a calculated strategy of fostering indirect support for terrorism, thus contributing to the perpetuation of violence and instability in the region. By supporting these organizations, Russia enhances its geopolitical influence, particularly in opposition to Western powers, while promoting violent ideologies and fostering conflicts that destabilize the Middle East. In addition, Russia’s dual approach of maintaining ties with both Israel and groups like Hamas reveals the contradictory nature of its foreign policy. While aiming to expand its influence in the region, Russia’s actions indirectly support extremist groups, posing a significant risk to regional peace and exacerbating global security challenges. Ultimately, this paper argues that Russia’s actions are consistent with the characteristics of a terrorist state, as they perpetuate terrorism, political violence, and instability.

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