Wpływ pandemii i wojny w Ukrainie na działalność operacyjną przedsiębiorstw
Impact of the pandemic and the war in Ukraine on the business operation

Author(s): Dariusz Nowak
Subject(s): Economy, National Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Business Economy / Management, Micro-Economics, Socio-Economic Research, Transport / Logistics
Published by: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Poznaniu
Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic;Ukraine war;supply chains;digitalisation;business strategies;operational resilience;market changes;
Summary/Abstract: This chapter examines the effects of two significant crises of the 21st century: the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine, on business operations. Both events presented unpredictable challenges that disrupted the global economy, affecting supply chains, commodity prices, resource availability and market stability. The pandemic introduced numerous restrictions, including lockdowns, mandatory remote work and sanitary restrictions, which forced changes in business models and operational strategies. In turn, the war in Ukraine deepened these problems, causing inflation, rising energy prices and further trade disruptions. It can be emphasised that these crises had a synergistic impact on companies, leading to the need to quickly adapt business models, reduce operational risk and implement strategies that would limit the negative effects of these events. The pandemic and the war have emphasised the importance of flexibility, innovation and adaptability as key factors for survival ina turbulent economic environment. The purpose of this chapter is to analyze the adaptive measures undertaken by enterprises in the face of these crises and to identify effective adaptive and operational strategies that enable businesses to build resilience and sustain operations during periods of crisis. The methodology is based on a literature review and case studies illustrating diverse approaches that companies adopt to address complex challenges. The findings indicate a wide range of actions taken by companies, such as accelerating digitalisation, developing e-commerce, implementing flexible working, optimising costs and diversifying supply sources. The concepts of reshoring, nearshoring and friendshoring have become popular and have increased the stability of supply chains. The pandemic became a catalyst for organisational transformation, including the implementation of new technologies and more flexible operating models. The war in Ukraine forced companies to quickly seek new markets, suppliers and strategies, improving their resilience to future crises. The originality of the chapter lies in the comprehensive approach to examining the synergistic impact of two global crises on the operational activities of enterprises. It is emphasised that despite the negative effects, both crises accelerated transformations in management and created the foundations for lasting changes in the operations of enterprises.

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