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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE STRATEGIES XXI "THE COMPLEX AND DYNAMIC NATURE OF THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT" - VOLUME II Cover Image

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE STRATEGIES XXI "THE COMPLEX AND DYNAMIC NATURE OF THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT" - VOLUME II
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE STRATEGIES XXI "THE COMPLEX AND DYNAMIC NATURE OF THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT" - VOLUME II

Contributor(s): Florian Cîrciumaru (Editor), Cristina Bogzeanu (Editor)
Subject(s): Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Security and defense, Military policy, Peace and Conflict Studies
ISSN: 2668-7828
Published by: Carol I National Defence University Publishing House
Keywords: security; security environment; international relations; military;
Summary/Abstract: PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE STRATEGIES XXI "THE COMPLEX AND DYNAMIC NATURE OF THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT" - VOLUME II

  • Page Count: 218
  • Publication Year: 2019
  • Language: English
ETHICAL-MORAL PRINCIPLES CURRENTLY USED IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

ETHICAL-MORAL PRINCIPLES CURRENTLY USED IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
(ETHICAL-MORAL PRINCIPLES CURRENTLY USED IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS)

  • Author(s):Daniel Cocolici
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Labor relations, International relations/trade, Developing nations, Peace and Conflict Studies
  • Page Range:7-15
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:Just war theory; moral and ethics of the conflict; modern security challenges.
  • Summary/Abstract:The current international system bases its moral fundamentals on principles developed along the centuries with major contribution from theorists associated to the Western and Christian culture.The Just war theory, a term that encompasses generally agreed moral and ethic principles on how to declare, conduct and conclude a war, is a collective effort of theorists who contributed decisively to the blueprints of the UN Charter and are strongly reflected in the Geneva Conventions provisions. Both documents are fundamental in regulating the way the relationship between states are currently shaped.This status quo allows advanced democratic states to engage, either using the framework provided by the military alliances, the already established security organizations or the ad-hoc coalitions, throughout the full spectrum of military operations in support of peace, subject to moral justification of their military action.However, recent transformation on the nature of war, technological developments and the emergence of new non-state actors on the international stage are challenging the existing paradigm.
MILITARY MEANS AND METHODS OF UNDERMINING USED BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

MILITARY MEANS AND METHODS OF UNDERMINING USED BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
(MILITARY MEANS AND METHODS OF UNDERMINING USED BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION)

  • Author(s):Marius Titi Potîrniche
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Security and defense, Military policy, Peace and Conflict Studies
  • Page Range:16-23
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:hybrid war; military threat; subversive actions; Russia; shadow war.
  • Summary/Abstract:The paper presents some of the military means and methods, used by the Russian Federation to undermine some targeted states, with reference to increasing its geopolitical ambitions while trying to become an important center of power in a multi-polar world and reduce the US influence in Europe and Asia. Controlling the states in the immediate proximity of its borders has always represented for Russia an objective of utmost importance in terms of physical security. Russia considers that its geographical position may generate some vulnerabilities, being therefore entitled to appeal to a combination of arrangements, pressure,grants and diverse sanctions. All these generate a change in the way of promoting national security interests, as well as and the art of waging and conduct war.
MILITARY-PATRIOTIC YOUTH EDUCATION IN TRANSNISTRIA: TROJAN HORSE, STATE BUILDING OR STATUS QUO?

MILITARY-PATRIOTIC YOUTH EDUCATION IN TRANSNISTRIA: TROJAN HORSE, STATE BUILDING OR STATUS QUO?
(MILITARY-PATRIOTIC YOUTH EDUCATION IN TRANSNISTRIA: TROJAN HORSE, STATE BUILDING OR STATUS QUO?)

  • Author(s):Corneliu Corman
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Labor relations, Security and defense, Military policy, Peace and Conflict Studies
  • Page Range:24-42
  • No. of Pages:19
  • Keywords:Military-patriotic education; the Transnistrian conflict.
  • Summary/Abstract:This article examines the understudied phenomena of military-patriotic youth education in Transnistria. In recent years, particularly following the annexation of Crimea in 2014, there has been an increase in the overall number of activities, as well as a proliferation of ways (‘modes of learning’) the ‘education’ is delivered. The number of youth being educated has also increased, and the ideological tools and concepts have evolved, with greater focus on Transnistria links to the Russki Mir (Russian World), and the identity of Transnistrians as a‘people’ (therefore capable of self-determination). From this we can conclude that funding has also increased and that this is a long-term project, with an expectation there will be a return on investment. As such, military-patriotic education activity provides a useful indirect proxy indicator of future scenarios for the region, in terms of unification, independence and the status-quo. The conclusions offer recommendations for Moldovan authorities that focus on how to mitigate against the negative aspects of military patriotic youth education in Transnistria.
THE CONCEPT OF SOCIETAL SECURITY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON ROMANIA’S NATIONAL SOCIETAL SECURITY

THE CONCEPT OF SOCIETAL SECURITY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON ROMANIA’S NATIONAL SOCIETAL SECURITY
(THE CONCEPT OF SOCIETAL SECURITY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON ROMANIA’S NATIONAL SOCIETAL SECURITY)

  • Author(s):Octavian Victor Mihail Dima
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Security and defense, Welfare systems, Peace and Conflict Studies
  • Page Range:43-49
  • No. of Pages:7
  • Keywords:societal security; complexity science; systemic thinking; Romania’s societal security.
  • Summary/Abstract:Societal security refers to how certain social phenomena or processes can generate evolutions that can constitute threats to the survival of societies. The management of such social processes with high potential for insecurity requires complete and interdisciplinary analysis using the most appropriate analytical methodologies. In this context, the main objective of this article is to outline the concerns for the assessment of societal security at European level using complexity theory and identify how they can be used to analyse the societal security of Romania. To meet this objective we will analyse the data provided by the study Europe’s Societal Challenges – An analysis of global societal trends to 2030 and their impact on the EU, done by RAND Europe and, based on its results, we will identify the impact of those trends on our country.
THE SECURITY OF EUROPE: SAFEGUARDING FREEDOM IN THE CONTEXT OF CROSS-BORDER THREATS

THE SECURITY OF EUROPE: SAFEGUARDING FREEDOM IN THE CONTEXT OF CROSS-BORDER THREATS
(THE SECURITY OF EUROPE: SAFEGUARDING FREEDOM IN THE CONTEXT OF CROSS-BORDER THREATS)

  • Author(s):Ion Alexandru Manoliu
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Public Administration, Security and defense, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment, Peace and Conflict Studies
  • Page Range:50-61
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:security dynamics; migration; human rights; military; terrorism.
  • Summary/Abstract:In the recent years, security, freedom, especially the social, political, economic and religious sectors, with their set of individual and group rights have been undermined by the growing international terrorism as the number of victims scaled up. The measures taken to preserve the safety of the European continent, including the use of police and military force where impacted by the need to manage relations with a determined Russia trying to impose its geostrategic importance, the pressures exerted by migration and the influx of refugees, UK’s decision to leave the EU, and the separation of European states in main and second-hand actors. With the emerging challenges of the European security and their dynamics, the paper concentrates on the future agenda of the EU states. Special attention is given to the Copenhagen School with regard to security in politics, society, economy, and religion, with the hope that all incoming measures are to fulfill the defines and safeguarding requirements of the population.
THE SOCIAL-IDENTITARY PARTICULARITY OF THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF WAR, THE VULNERABILITIES OF THE EUROPEAN ETHOS AND THE ETIOLOGY OF THE AGGRESSIVENESS MANIFESTED IN THE IMPACT AREA OF RELIGIOUS MILITANCY

THE SOCIAL-IDENTITARY PARTICULARITY OF THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF WAR, THE VULNERABILITIES OF THE EUROPEAN ETHOS AND THE ETIOLOGY OF THE AGGRESSIVENESS MANIFESTED IN THE IMPACT AREA OF RELIGIOUS MILITANCY
(THE SOCIAL-IDENTITARY PARTICULARITY OF THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF WAR, THE VULNERABILITIES OF THE EUROPEAN ETHOS AND THE ETIOLOGY OF THE AGGRESSIVENESS MANIFESTED IN THE IMPACT AREA OF RELIGIOUS MILITANCY)

  • Author(s):Lucian Grigore
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Security and defense, Military policy, Peace and Conflict Studies
  • Page Range:62-72
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:aggressiveness; conflictuality; knowledge; group narcissism; integration; sacrifice.
  • Summary/Abstract:The reconfiguration of geostrategic games, the resurrection of extremist nationalism,the ethnic and religious fragmentation, the ideological radicalization and the emergence of terrorist groups stimulated by the amplitude of the Islamic radicalization at a European level are challenges that must be integrated to a more comprehensive strategic vision. The assessment of the European security environment, characterized by its complexity and dynamism, leads to a higher level of understanding of the relationships that are made between the social, cultural, political and military factors involved. In this paper we point out the conflictual potential settled in the dynamics of fundamentalist ideologies engaged in the fight for the defense of religious principles, at the intersection between different cultures and traditions. The hypothesis on the basis of which we initiated this approach refers to the fact that in the operation areas of certain motivations that are confined to conflictuality, together with other instability factors, the religious radicalism interferes as source of threat to peace. There search is oriented towards the analysis of the etiology of aggression manifested in the impact area of religious activism.
HUMAN PARADIGM IN THE MILITARY AREA. A PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACH

HUMAN PARADIGM IN THE MILITARY AREA. A PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACH
(HUMAN PARADIGM IN THE MILITARY AREA. A PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACH)

  • Author(s):Ion SÎRBU
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Philosophy, Security and defense, Military policy
  • Page Range:73-81
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:human; human paradigm; humanism; security; military sphere; war.
  • Summary/Abstract:All the areas of human existence can be analysed within the human paradigm, inclusively the military one. It is necessary to ensure the safety of the human species and it's living environment. The paradigm generally presents itself as the dominant vision, as a model for addressing and solving the problems of one or another epoch, or stages of the development of human science and practice. Paradigms can be particular, general and universal.Ecological paradigm, for example, can be used in most sciences and fields, including the military sphere. It imposes the imperative not to harm, not to destroy, to preserve and restore the nature and its various elements, including the human nature, therefore of his body and mind.Human paradigm is a universal one and can be used in all fields and spheres of human knowledge and activity, including military ones.The universal nature of the human paradigm seems to be incompatible with the military sphere. Or, even more, the military activity seems fall under an opposite paradigm – an anti-human paradigm. Human paradigm can be turned to good account gradually and often only partially,in military research, science and practice, including in war-related ones. Globalization, based on the universal human paradigm, could lead to the exclusion from violence and wars of all kinds from human practice.
NATO’S REPOSITIONING AFTER THE 2014 RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN CONFLICT

NATO’S REPOSITIONING AFTER THE 2014 RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN CONFLICT
(NATO’S REPOSITIONING AFTER THE 2014 RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN CONFLICT)

  • Author(s):Violeta NICOLESCU
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Security and defense, Military policy, Peace and Conflict Studies
  • Page Range:82-89
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:Russia; Ukraine; NATO; deterrence and defence; Eastern Europe; Black Sea; strategy.
  • Summary/Abstract:The hereby paper elaborates on the North-Atlantic Alliance’s response to the Russian Federation’s aggressive actions against Ukraine in 2014, going through the main steps that the Allies have chronologically taken in order to enhance deterrence and defence, in what was a completely new relation with the Russian Federation, once a partner of NATO.Generally explaining the measures on deterrence and defence, the paper also approaches in a more detailed manner the Allied decisions dedicated to the Northern and the Southern segments of the Eastern border, so as to arrive to the conclusion that, be it the Baltic states, Poland, Romania or Bulgaria, they are all facing the same security threat and measures must be seen in a coherent and unitary approach. Debating on Russia’s main reason for its actions in the region, the hereby paper will conclude on the necessity for NATO to have a clear strategy on Russia’s assertive actions on the Eastern border.
CONTESTING INTERNATIONAL NORMS REGARDING SOVEREIGNTY, SELF-DETERMINATION AND LOGIC OF CONFLICT IN THE BLACK SEA REGION. THE NEED FOR LEADERSHIP IN FRONT OF THESE THREATS

CONTESTING INTERNATIONAL NORMS REGARDING SOVEREIGNTY, SELF-DETERMINATION AND LOGIC OF CONFLICT IN THE BLACK SEA REGION. THE NEED FOR LEADERSHIP IN FRONT OF THESE THREATS
(CONTESTING INTERNATIONAL NORMS REGARDING SOVEREIGNTY, SELF-DETERMINATION AND LOGIC OF CONFLICT IN THE BLACK SEA REGION. THE NEED FOR LEADERSHIP IN FRONT OF THESE THREATS)

  • Author(s):Mihai Panait
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, International relations/trade, Security and defense, Military policy, Developing nations, Peace and Conflict Studies
  • Page Range:90-98
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:international law; international norms; sovereignty and self-determination; maritime security; regional security; leadership.
  • Summary/Abstract:This article presents some considerations regarding the geopolitical and strategic importance of the Black Sea region and potential threats or risks to security, stability,prosperity and cooperation. The study tries to demonstrate the availability of some solutions for the improvement of peace and stability in this part of the world. The international norms regarding the sovereignty and the self-determination, and the logic of conflict in the Black Sea region, needs to be discussed more and have to be analysed in detail.Much has been written about the importance of the Montreux Convention (1936) and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea or the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea in many books, memoirs or studies, and every day around the world, people or organizations discuss the major problems after the Russian-Ukraine conflict.Political leadership could be the key point for security and prosperity in the Black Sea region,in Euro-Atlantic and Euro-Asian areas. Only together, bridges can be built over the Black Sea for present and future generations
IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION OF STATEHOOD AND THE IMAGE OF THE ADVERSARY IN THE DE FACTO STATES ABKHAZIA AND SOUTH OSSETIA

IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION OF STATEHOOD AND THE IMAGE OF THE ADVERSARY IN THE DE FACTO STATES ABKHAZIA AND SOUTH OSSETIA
(IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION OF STATEHOOD AND THE IMAGE OF THE ADVERSARY IN THE DE FACTO STATES ABKHAZIA AND SOUTH OSSETIA)

  • Author(s):Elena ONU (TUDOR)
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Security and defense, Military policy, Peace and Conflict Studies
  • Page Range:99-111
  • No. of Pages:13
  • Keywords:Georgia; Abkhazia; South Ossetia; unresolved conflicts; regional security complex theory.
  • Summary/Abstract:The paper aims to analyze the modus operandi of the "secessionist vocal regimes"in South Ossetia and Abkhazia and the stages of state identity building and the image of the adversary. Based on the Theory of the Regional Security Complex (RSCT/ Barry Buzan) and the Theory of Linkage and Leverage (Steven Levitsky and Lucan A. Way) and analyzing the rhetoric of senior officials in the European Union, the Russian Federation and NATO, the paper attempts to throw a shed light on how domestic and foreign political actors influenced or supported the evolution of unresolved conflicts in the Republic of Georgia.
THE POLITICAL PROGRAM OF PRESIDENT VOLODYMYR ZELENSKY. HIS POSITION TOWARDS CRIMEA AND SELF-PROCLAIMED REPUBLICS DONETK AND LUGANSK

THE POLITICAL PROGRAM OF PRESIDENT VOLODYMYR ZELENSKY. HIS POSITION TOWARDS CRIMEA AND SELF-PROCLAIMED REPUBLICS DONETK AND LUGANSK
(THE POLITICAL PROGRAM OF PRESIDENT VOLODYMYR ZELENSKY. HIS POSITION TOWARDS CRIMEA AND SELF-PROCLAIMED REPUBLICS DONETK AND LUGANSK)

  • Author(s):Elena ONU (TUDOR)
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Governance, Security and defense, Peace and Conflict Studies
  • Page Range:112-121
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:Ukraine; Crimea; Donetk and Lugansk; regional security complex theory.
  • Summary/Abstract:The victory in the election for Ukrainian President of Comedy Actor, Volodymyr Zelensky, was considered a new political beginning for this country facing an open conflict in the eastern regions, carried by pro-Russian separatists, but also with the loss Crimea following the illegal annexation by the Russian Federation.The paper proposes an analysis of the political course of the current leader in Kiev, focusing on the political and oligarchic entities that supported his accession to the supreme function in the state, but also the importance he attaches to the recovery of Crimea, the settlement of the conflict in the Donetsk and Lugansk People’s Republics and the new separatist tendencies in Transcarpathia. It also aims to establish the position adopted by the North Atlantic Alliance,the US, the EU and the Russian Federation both towards Kiev and the separatist elements in this country.
UKRAINE TO BOOST ITS DEFENCE AGAINST RUSSIA

UKRAINE TO BOOST ITS DEFENCE AGAINST RUSSIA
(UKRAINE TO BOOST ITS DEFENCE AGAINST RUSSIA)

  • Author(s):Jan-Florin GANEA, Robert-Mihai Poenaru
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Security and defense, Military policy, Peace and Conflict Studies
  • Page Range:122-127
  • No. of Pages:6
  • Keywords:Ukrainian crisis; crisis management; hybrid actions; peacekeeping operations; Ukraine war.
  • Summary/Abstract:The new conflicts that are arising at international level tend not to fall within the sphere of traditional conflicts which humanity saw in the last century, and in our opinion cannot be resolved through actions such as peace treaties, peacekeeping operations or ceasefire conventions. The new clashes are conducted through hybrid actions. Such a conflict has been going on in Ukraine since 2014. The reasons for its outburst and the main actions taken at international level to resolve this conflict will be discussed in this article.
U.S. SPACE FORCE: POSSIBLE IMPLICATIONS FOR ROMANIA

U.S. SPACE FORCE: POSSIBLE IMPLICATIONS FOR ROMANIA
(U.S. SPACE FORCE: POSSIBLE IMPLICATIONS FOR ROMANIA)

  • Author(s):Ulpia Elena BOTEZATU
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Security and defense, Peace and Conflict Studies
  • Page Range:128-138
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:outer space; space security; NATO Space; Space Force; militarisation of space.
  • Summary/Abstract:Recently, outer space gained attention with President’s Trump creation of Space Force. However, the need for a centralized unit to protect American interests in the so-called“next war-fighting domain“ raises critical questions about the involvement and the positioning of other state actors on this matter, as well as on the ways in which NATO will react and incorporate space into their future strategies and operations. Consequently, this paper attempts to investigate the problematic of space warfighting capabilities in relation to Romania’s geopolitical posture. It argues that Romania should adopt a more assertive attitude, especially in the light of its fresh membership to the European Union Consortium of Space Surveillance and Tracking (EU_SST).
COOPERATION ACTIONS IN PESCO FRAMEWORK

COOPERATION ACTIONS IN PESCO FRAMEWORK
(COOPERATION ACTIONS IN PESCO FRAMEWORK)

  • Author(s):Ion Anghel
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Security and defense, Military policy
  • Page Range:139-146
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:Permanent Structured Cooperation; military capabilities; commitments; military expenses; PESCO objectives.
  • Summary/Abstract:Participation in European cooperation projects in the Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) framework can be not only a multiplier factor for achieving military capabilities, but also a way of developing high-tech industrial sectors within the national economy. The article highlights the cooperation actions in the PESCO framework, in the context of their influence on the development of national military capabilities. The proposed theme will have a great applicability in the pragmatic and coherent approach of Romania’s involvement in European military cooperation programs for the development of needed capabilities. Thus, the initiative will contribute to the development of a national vision in the field of international cooperation, by focusing on relevant PESCO projects, developed in a multiannual financial framework.
DEVELOPING A MORE STABLE AND SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT THROUGH COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE

DEVELOPING A MORE STABLE AND SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT THROUGH COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE
(DEVELOPING A MORE STABLE AND SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT THROUGH COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE)

  • Author(s):Adina MIHĂESCU
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Labor relations
  • Page Range:147-154
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:competitive intelligence; entrepreneurship; business environment; business competition; economic forecasts.
  • Summary/Abstract:After the economic crisis of 2008-2014, the vast majority of business have assessed their mechanism of equilibrium bringing forward a new strategy to deal with complex macrosystemic problems. For the period 2021-2027, the European Commission intend to double the budget for the social sector, entrepreneurship and infrastructure in order to develop a sustainable economy that achieves its environmental and social goals. We, therefore, see a sharp increase in interest in the development of entrepreneurship, and this increases competition in all markets. A company’s competitors are those organizations that can have an adverse effect on sales through their own success in winning business. Using Competitive Intelligence techniques, companies inform themselves about every aspect of their rivals’ activities and performance. This helps small firms, on the one hand, to keep up with the movements of the big players on the market and to anticipate their next endeavors more easily;and, on the other hand, it helps large companies to enter new markets, to make acquisitions and strategic investments easier. As it is well known, no competitive environment is static. Anticipating fluctuations is the key to the harmonious development of the business environment.
THE FUTURE OF EUROPEAN SECURITY. MEASURING RESILIENCE

THE FUTURE OF EUROPEAN SECURITY. MEASURING RESILIENCE
(THE FUTURE OF EUROPEAN SECURITY. MEASURING RESILIENCE)

  • Author(s):Ştefan-Antonio Dan-Şuteu, Răzvan Grigoraş
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Security and defense, Military policy, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment, Peace and Conflict Studies
  • Page Range:155-160
  • No. of Pages:6
  • Keywords:: resilience; state failure index (SFI); Weak Signals; International Futures; European security; integrated systems.
  • Summary/Abstract:This paper underlines some directions for measuring the resilience of European Union in the field of Security, achieved through analysis and extrapolation of several indicators released by the International Futures with Pardee Program1: (1) the state failure index (SFI),(2) the technology power (TP), (3) the threat sent to the rest of the world (TSRW) and (4) the threat received from the rest of the world (TRRW). The paper starts from the assumption that resilience represents a tool for shaping efficiency in European Security. The results of projected indexes in 2035 reveals the need for a commonly shaped resilience framework. The research shows that the increased technological development and innovation capacity will generate potential disruptive technologies with applications in the field of security and defence. Finally,the paper takes into account four Weak Signals for shaping a more mature and a more resilient Union in 2035
CYBERSECURITY IS A WAY OF LIFE

CYBERSECURITY IS A WAY OF LIFE
(CYBERSECURITY IS A WAY OF LIFE)

  • Author(s):Octavian Fratu, Maria-Mădălina Andronache
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Security and defense
  • Page Range:161-167
  • No. of Pages:7
  • Keywords:awareness training; cyber security; change management; information security.
  • Summary/Abstract:In today's industry, there are numerous cyber security incidents, such as leaks,ransomware, viruses, etc. The problem is the existence of a constant evolution in the area of cyber threats for which the employees of companies do not develop a preventive culture. The technology continues to develop and adopt advanced software for detection and/or prevention, but most of the problems are still caused by human vulnerabilities. This article aims to develop measures to raise awareness of the need for cyber security for individuals with their own PCs, but also for employees of an organization.
INTELLIGENT THREAT DETECTION IN IOT

INTELLIGENT THREAT DETECTION IN IOT
(INTELLIGENT THREAT DETECTION IN IOT)

  • Author(s):Octavian Fratu, Iulia Alexandra GUDOVAN
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Military policy
  • Page Range:168-175
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:IoT; security; machine learning; cellular IoT; LTE-M; NB-IoT.
  • Summary/Abstract:Connected devices are now present in agriculture, factories (Industry 4.0), power grids, military, healthcare, transport, education, entertainment and homes. The number of such devices will grow in the near future. Because IoT devices present various vulnerabilities and can be exposed to a great number of threats, the need for IoT security and threat modeling increases. In this paper, we provide an overview of the main threats to IoT devices and networks, and the ways in which machine learning can improve IoT security.
CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE MODELING AND SIMULATION

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE MODELING AND SIMULATION
(CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE MODELING AND SIMULATION)

  • Author(s):Meda UDROIU
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Security and defense, Peace and Conflict Studies
  • Page Range:176-184
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:Critical infrastructure; modeling; simulation; cybersecurity.
  • Summary/Abstract:Cybersecurity for critical infrastructures was not a priority all the time. At the beginning the focus was on other aspects of critical infrastructures like physical reliability and redundancy. Nowadays, however with the fast-growing digital world and the multitude of threats continuously evolving, cybersecurity became a top priority. The first part of the paper will present the critical sectors of modern society, the cyber security problem and the interdependencies that are between critical infrastructures. The second part illustrates how critical infrastructures can be modeled and simulated in order to better understand them and discover unknown vulnerabilities. Finally, the third part will have as purpose to analyze the sources of vulnerabilities, and to bring in our attention two models for increasing cybersecurity in infrastructures, used in present.
CYBERTHREATS TO CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND IOT

CYBERTHREATS TO CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND IOT
(CYBERTHREATS TO CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND IOT)

  • Author(s):Meda UDROIU, Victor GÂNSAC
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics
  • Page Range:185-193
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:Critical Infrastructure (CI); SCADA systems; Internet of Things (IoT), Security Issues; Risks and challenges; Cybersecurity Framework.
  • Summary/Abstract:This Research report tries to answer the question “What You Should Consider When Designing a Safe, Secure, and Reliable IoT Critical Infrastructure System?” and to assists Critical Infrastructures or other organizations, in strengthening their cybersecurity risk management by helping them to determine an appropriate implementation of the Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity. This document facilitates the strategies through five core functions: Identify, Protect, Detect, Respond, Recover.
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE FOR IOT DEVICES IN THE DOMESTIC ENVIRONMENT

SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE FOR IOT DEVICES IN THE DOMESTIC ENVIRONMENT
(SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE FOR IOT DEVICES IN THE DOMESTIC ENVIRONMENT)

  • Author(s):Carmen Florea, Viorel SURDU, Victor GÂNSAC
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Library and Information Science, Information Architecture, Security and defense
  • Page Range:194-201
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Summary/Abstract:Nowadays, IoT devices are a part of our lives and we use them directly or indirectly. A common problem with these devices is the security and protection of data which is generated by its. In the paper it is proposed an architecture which aim to improve the security of IoT devices in the domestic environment. This architecture will improve the security level of IoT devices in any "Smart home" by creating an initial communication footprint for each IoT device identified in the network, also, will identify behavioural and traffic anomalies of IoT devices by generating security alerts in a dashboard based on configurable security thresholds. By interconnecting the monitoring and the protection module of the IoT devices in the domestic environment the possible problems regarding the security of the IoT devices can be detected and recommendations for increasing the security can be generated to the producers.
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE AND REQUIREMENTS FOR A SIMULATION PLATFORM OF CYBER ATTACKS OR IIOT DEVICES IN SMART CITY ENVIRONMENT

SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE AND REQUIREMENTS FOR A SIMULATION PLATFORM OF CYBER ATTACKS OR IIOT DEVICES IN SMART CITY ENVIRONMENT
(SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE AND REQUIREMENTS FOR A SIMULATION PLATFORM OF CYBER ATTACKS OR IIOT DEVICES IN SMART CITY ENVIRONMENT)

  • Author(s):Carmen Florea
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Library and Information Science, Information Architecture, Electronic information storage and retrieval
  • Page Range:202-209
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:IIoT devices; cyber-attacks; IoT; security; platform.
  • Summary/Abstract:The present paper presents the architecture and requirements necessary to develop an intelligent simulating platform tailored to the IIoT smart city environment, with an emphasis on resilience to different type of security attacks. Specifically, we intend to detect malicious traffic in Intelligent IoT (IIoT) radio networks, based on the initial radio fingerprint of the IIoT devices. The solution proposed in this paper will offer security and will facilitate the interoperability between different communication protocols used in IIoT for smart city applications. We intend to evaluate the proposed solution using both real network attacks traces in order to provide the proof of concept, and using simulation tools in order to proof its scalability.
AN INTEGRATED PLATFORM FOR PROJECT MANAGEMENT

AN INTEGRATED PLATFORM FOR PROJECT MANAGEMENT
(AN INTEGRATED PLATFORM FOR PROJECT MANAGEMENT)

  • Author(s):Meda UDROIU, Ștefan-Antonio Dan-Șuteu, Ionica Serban
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics
  • Page Range:210-217
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:project management; integrated platform; Horizon 2020; IT solution; innovation; research and development.
  • Summary/Abstract:Project management is an area with exponential growth in Romania, given the open access of Romania's to European funding, for both structural programs and community programs such as the Framework Program for research - development – innovation and the Competitiveness and Innovation Program. For the latter, the competition is organized in Brussels, the evaluation is carried out by independent experts selected by the European Commission, and the financing contract is signed directly between the Commission and the participants. For an efficient management of community programs, the demand is very high for people with specific project management skills, able to operate in a dynamic, specific and complex environment, enabling the European research to generate innovation and scientific advancements.
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