Zjawiska propagandy i manipulacji w prasie, telewizji, radiu i Internecie. Tom III
The phenomena of propaganda and manipulation in the press, radio, television, and internet. Volume III
Contributor(s): Paulina Czarnek-Wnuk (Editor), Kacper Szczepaniak (Editor)
Subject(s): Literary Texts, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, Sociology of Literature, Fake News - Disinformation
Published by: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Keywords: propaganda; manipulation; fake news; disinformation
Summary/Abstract: The phenomena of propaganda, persuasion, and manipulation continue to exert a strong influence in the media space. The aim of this volume is to identify the mechanisms used across various areas of the media to intentionally shape the ways of thinking and acting of mass communication audiences - both in the present day and from a historical perspective. The volume employs diverse research methods from the intersection of the humanities and social sciences, including content and discourse analysis, case studies, framing analysis, critical discourse analysis, and linguistic analysis(including the framework of persuasive metaoperators) using digital tools. The authors of the individual studies present, among other topics, the prototype of “Berlusconism” – the interconnection of power, market, and Italian television in the 1980s against the background of the boom economico, as well as its long-term impact on value systems and electoral practices; they analyze how the weekly Polityka (issues from 2006 and 2023) uses historical dates as persuasive resources in its coverage of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict; and they identify the dominant metaoperators in Vladimir Putin’s speeches from the early phase of the invasion of Ukraine. Further chapters present the framing of President Andrzej Duda’s and Prime Minister Donald Tusk’s visit to the United States on the websites of PR24, RMF24, TOK FM, and Radio ZET; the linguistic techniques of delegitimizing the LGBTQ+ community in Nasz Dziennik (2023); and the role of news tickers in Telewizja Republika’s program Dzisiaj as a form of persuasion. The conducted research shows that the repertoire of media influence techniques is constantly evolving and adapting to changing political, cultural, and technological conditions – reinforcing the need to develop critical media literacy and media education.
Series: Uniwersytet Łódzki
- E-ISBN-13: 978-83-8331-950-6
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-83-8331-949-0
- Page Count: 76
- Publication Year: 2025
- Language: Polish
Wstęp
Wstęp
(Wstęp)
- Author(s):Paulina Czarnek-Wnuk, Kacper Szczepaniak
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Language and Literature Studies, Media studies, Communication studies, Sociology, Theory of Communication, Editorial, Sociology of Literature, Fake News - Disinformation
- Page Range:7-7
- No. of Pages:1
Berluskonizm – manipulacja we włoskich mediach lat 80. XX wieku
Berluskonizm – manipulacja we włoskich mediach lat 80. XX wieku
(Berlusconism – Manipulation in Italian Media of the 1980s)
- Author(s):Beata Jaworska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Literary Texts, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, Fake News - Disinformation
- Page Range:9-16
- No. of Pages:8
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of this article is to identify and discuss the manipulative tools used by the Italian media in the 1980s. It is possible by following the activities of Silvio Berlusconi – a figure who played an important role in the media and political world of those years and whose decisions still shape Italian reality. Particular attention was paid to the phenomenon of boom economico and its impact on Italian television in the second half of the 20th century, as well as the manipulative tools thanks to which Berlusconi managed to influence the system of values and worldview of Italians in the long term. The review character of the article, focusing on the analysis of Italian- and Polish-language scientific texts devoted to the spectacularization of the media, their history, and the issue of the figure of the woman in the media environment of that time, allows for the identification of the connection between the figure of the Italian viewer and the figure of the Italian voter, showing the enormous degree of influence and intertwining of the two most important spheres of public life of the inhabitants of the Apennine Peninsula at that time – television and politics.
Historia jako element perswazji w relacjach prasowych dotyczących konfliktu izraelsko-palestyńskiego (na przykładzie tygodnika „Polityka”)
Historia jako element perswazji w relacjach prasowych dotyczących konfliktu izraelsko-palestyńskiego (na przykładzie tygodnika „Polityka”)
(History as an element of persuasion in press coverage of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict (based on the example of "Polityka"))
- Author(s):Martyna Marszał
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Literary Texts, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, Fake News - Disinformation
- Page Range:17-32
- No. of Pages:16
- Summary/Abstract:This article analyzes how the weekly "Polityka" presented the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, focusing on the role of historical dates relevant to the course of the dispute. The study covered the years 2006 (Hamas's victory in the parliamentary elections) and 2023 (the escalation of the conflict). The aim of the analysis was to determine whether the references to specific historical dates were neutral or emotionally charged or biased, for example, by more often portraying one side of the conflict as the aggrieved party.
Językowa manipulacja w dyskursie politycznym na podstawie wystąpień Władimira Putina
Językowa manipulacja w dyskursie politycznym na podstawie wystąpień Władimira Putina
(Linguistic Manipulation in Political Discourse Based on the Speeches of Vladimir Putin)
- Author(s):Kacper Chałagus
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Literary Texts, Media studies, Communication studies, Sociology, Theory of Communication, Fake News - Disinformation
- Page Range:33-39
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:linguistic means of influence; linguistic manipulation; theory of persuasive metaoperators; political discourse
- Summary/Abstract:The article is an attempt to analyze the problem of linguistic manipulation in political discourse. As the research material; two speeches by Vladimir Putin published on YouTube in the early phase of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022 were used. In the course of the research; a qualitative analysis was conducted; based on the theory of persuasive metaoperators by Prof. Aleksey Avdeyev; including the division of linguistic means of influence into four independent groups: metaoperators blocking verification; metaoperators causing the “observer effect;” metaoperators changing the hierarchy of the informational system; and metaoperators strengthening pragmatic functions. The article also describes the role of linguistic means of influence in the general concept of political discourse. As a result of the research; the dominant persuasive strategies used by Vladimir Putin were described; including the emphasizing of personal and possessive pronouns in plural forms at the prosodic level and the use of constructions referring to unquestionable concepts such as “fact.”
Przedstawienie wizyty prezydenta Andrzeja Dudy i premiera Donalda Tuska w Stanach Zjednoczonych na stronach internetowych wybranych rozgłośni radiowych
Przedstawienie wizyty prezydenta Andrzeja Dudy i premiera Donalda Tuska w Stanach Zjednoczonych na stronach internetowych wybranych rozgłośni radiowych
(The Portrayal of President A. Duda’s and Prime Minister D. Tusk’s Visit to the United States on the Websites of Selected Radio Stations)
- Author(s):Sara Paszko
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Literary Texts, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, Fake News - Disinformation
- Page Range:41-52
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:website; radio; media studies
- Summary/Abstract:In contemporary media studies, one can observe the process of mediatization of politics, which involves the mediation of mass media in reporting socially significant events. As a result, the media assign new meanings to the events they describe, which in turn shapes the media image of a given event in the audience’s mind.This article offers a media studies perspective on the portrayal of the visit of President A. Duda and Prime Minister D. Tusk to the United States in March 2024.The research material consisted of the websites of nationwide radio stations recognized by the Institute of Media Monitoring as the most influential in shaping public opinion. The selected websites were Polskie Radio 24, RMF24, TOK FM, and Radio ZET. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were applied, enabling a framing analysis of the studied content.The results of the analysis indicate that the examined websites engaged in a discourse related to the Polish delegation’s visit to the USA; however, it was marginal compared to other content published during the studied period. It was also observed that the analyzed sources partially reproduced certain materials, while the most distinctive ones were those that synthesized or transmitted interviews aired on the selected radio stations. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the dominant frame was the “responsibility frame,” whose high frequency is associated with the political dimension of the analyzed content.
Narracja o społeczności LGBTQ+ w „Naszym Dzienniku”
Narracja o społeczności LGBTQ+ w „Naszym Dzienniku”
(Narrative about the LGBTQ+ Community in Nasz Dziennik)
- Author(s):Aleksandra Ludwicka
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Literary Texts, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, Fake News - Disinformation
- Page Range:53-65
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:media narrative; LGBTQ+ community; linguistic manipulation; ideology
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of the article is to present how Nasz Dziennik portrays members of the LGBTQ+ community. The paper seeks to demonstrate the linguistic strategies of manipulation used by the authors of the articles to depict non-heteronormative individuals. The narrative is conducted according to the authors’ own worldview, in a non-objective manner. Scientific facts are subjected to ideological interpretations dictated by personal conservative beliefs. The research material consists of selected excerpts from articles published in Nasz Dziennik in 2023.
„Manipulacja na pasku” w programach informacyjnych Telewizji Republika
„Manipulacja na pasku” w programach informacyjnych Telewizji Republika
(Manipulation on the News Ticker in Telewizja Republika’s News Programs)
- Author(s):Kacper Szczepaniak
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Literary Texts, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, Fake News - Disinformation
- Page Range:67-75
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:manipulation; persuasion; television; news tickers; right-wing media
- Summary/Abstract:The article analyzes how Telewizja Republika uses on-screen “news banners” (chyrons) in its main newscast “Dzisiaj,” focusing on the role of linguistic persuasion and emotional coloring in short on-screen messages. The study covers the period from May 21 to June 4, 2024, and the corpus consists of 121 banners transcribed and coded both thematically and linguistically. Its aim was to determine whether the banners serve as a neutral complement to the broadcast or—through metaphors, hyperbole, presuppositions, and an “us–them” dichotomy—construct a biased interpretation of reality, including more frequently casting certain actors (e.g., the government) as perpetrators/negative protagonists. A qualitative content analysis was applied, distinguishing the following categories: negative evaluation of the current government, positive/neutral portrayal of the previous administration, emotions, and the overall degree of manipulativeness. The results indicate that 38% of the banners contain clearly evaluative, negatively charged wording; 22% directly demonize the actions of the current government; and only 3% can be read as favorable to the previous ruling team. In total, 42% of the messages contain elements classified as manipulative. The findings suggest the dominance of persuasive over informational strategies and a coherent ideological profile of the coverage, which may reinforce polarization and shape a preferred interpretation of political events.
