İbadet Erteleme: Dinî Tutum ve Erteleme İlişkisi
Worship Procrastination: The Relationship Between Religious Attitudes and Procrastinatory Behavior

Author(s): Sema Abanoz
Subject(s): Psychology, Sociology, Theology and Religion, Behaviorism, Sociology of Religion, Psychology of Religion
Published by: Oku Okut Yayınları
Keywords: Psychology of Religion; Scale Development; Worship Procrastination; Religious Attitude; General Procrastination;
Summary/Abstract: One of the aims of this study is to develop a scale of procrastination in worship for adults that is suitable to Turkey’s religious and cultural structure. The second aim of the research is to analyze the relationship between procrastination in worship, religious attitude and overall procrastination, both with various demographic variables and with each other. It is envisaged that the scale developed for procrastination in worship behaviour will make a significant contribution to the analysis of religious behaviour, which is one of the crucial subjects of the psychology of religion. In addition, it will be possible to analyse individuals' procrastination in worship and many different attitudes and behaviours by using this scale. The relational scanning method, a scanning model, was used in the study. At the scale development stage, firstly the literature review was made and an in-depth review was conducted with 15 persons. A pool of concepts was created with the data obtained, and a 49-item draft scale was developed using it. Different experts were consulted to ensure the draft scale’s content validity and writing and measurement suitability. Expert opinions resulted in the exclusion of 19 items from the scale, the addition of four items to the scale, and the revision of some items for measurement and evaluation, punctuation, and grammar mistakes. The scale was narrowed down to 34 items after these steps and was conducted with a small sample group reflecting the research universe to test its understandability and identify completion time. Before applying the scale to the sample group, permission of the Kırıkkale University, Social Sciences and Humanities Research Ethics Committee was taken through application. The first practice was made between 24.04.2023 and 11.05.2023, and it was identified that 400 persons with different demographic characteristics properly filled out the scale. The findings were analysed with the Jamovi programme. The value of distinctiveness was identified at the 0.40 level. As a result of the analyses, items that did not show the desired level of distinctiveness, whose factor loading was close to more than one factor, or that were the only ones below a factor were removed. The result was a 14-item scale with two factors. It was revealed that these two factors explained 52.6% of the total variance. Then, the scale was re-conducted with a different sample group out of the same universe for confirmatory factor analysis. In the analyses made on 399 scales accepted as valid in this practice, it was seen that the data were suitable for confirmatory factor analysis. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis supported the findings of the exploratory factor analysis. In the reliability analysis performed after the confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha value of the scale was found to be 0.902. The final scale of procrastination in worship with two dimensions, namely the making excuse (8 items) and the negligence (6 items), is valid and reliable and has a strong theoretical background. After the scale development was completed, the relationship between procrastination in worship, religious attitude, and overall procrastination was analysed. For this purpose, the data were analysed through the SPSS 23.0 package program and interpreted by the researcher. According to the results of the analysis, a positive relationship was found between procrastination in worship and overall procrastination and a negative relationship between procrastination in worship and religious attitudes. It has been revealed that single individuals have higher averages than married ones, 18 to 24-year-olds than other age groups, and civil servants than students in terms of overall procrastination. Considering sub-dimensions, it has been determined that women have higher averages than men in the cognition subdimension of religious attitude, women have higher averages than men in the effective use of time sub-dimension of overall procrastination, and those living in metropolises have higher averages than those living in districts and villages in the negligence subdimension of procrastination in worship.

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