Feldmaršal Svetozar barun Borojević od Bojne (1856.-1920.) - Zbornik radova
Field Marshal Svetozar baron Borojević of Bojna (1856-1920) - Proceedings
Contributor(s): Marino Manin (Editor)
Subject(s): Diplomatic history, Military history, Political history, Government/Political systems, Military policy, Pre-WW I & WW I (1900 -1919), Interwar Period (1920 - 1939), Peace and Conflict Studies
Published by: Hrvatski institut za povijest
Keywords: Svetozar Borojević; Bojna; baron;
Summary/Abstract: This proceedings contains written contributions collected from the speakers at the International Scientific Colloquium "Svetozar Borojević od Bojne (1856-1920): On the occasion of the 150th Anniversary of his Birth", held in Mečenčani on December 13, 2006. The colloquium was organized by the Croatian Institute of History, the Municipal Council of the Municipality of Donji Kukuruzari, the Society of the Brothers of the Croatian Dragon, and the Croatian State Archives.
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-953-7840-03-7
- Page Count: 193
- Publication Year: 2011
- Language: Croatian
ZAŠTO VOJSKOVOĐU SVETOZARA BOROJEVIĆA OD BOJNE TREBA ZADRŽATI U SJEĆANJU
ZAŠTO VOJSKOVOĐU SVETOZARA BOROJEVIĆA OD BOJNE TREBA ZADRŽATI U SJEĆANJU
(WHY SHOULD SVETOZAR BOROEVIĆ VON BOJNA BE REMEMBERED?)
- Author(s):Mira Kolar-Dimitrijević
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Military history, Political history, Pre-WW I & WW I (1900 -1919), Interwar Period (1920 - 1939), Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:9-22
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:Svetozar Boroević of Bojna; Austro-Hungarian Monarchy; Croatia; World War I;
- Summary/Abstract:Field Marshal Svetozar Boroević (Borojević) von Bojna (Umetići, 13 Dec. 1856 - Klagenfurt, 23 May 1920) was an exceptional personality in Croatiaʼs military history. His exemplary life and wartime career could not, based on the prevalent rules of war of that time, secure him any kind of post-war livelihood, and as a participant on the losing side he endured all of the consequences imposed upon the defeated by the victors, and he found almost no understanding among his fellow nationals. He contacted many in the belief that an honourable life merited honourable treatment, but this was not borne out. The knowledge that all of the previous values had disappeared, and his subsequent fall into hardship and oblivion must have certainly led to his untimely death in 1920. Many years of silence followed thereafter, until 2007, when Boroević, as a Croat of Orthodox faith, was once more spoken of with respect.
- Price: 4.90 €
AUSTRO-UGARSKA RATNA DIPLOMACIJA I TALIJANSKO RATIŠTE
AUSTRO-UGARSKA RATNA DIPLOMACIJA I TALIJANSKO RATIŠTE
(AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN WARTIME DIPLOMACY AND THE ITALIAN FRONT)
- Author(s):Livia Kardum
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Diplomatic history, Military history, Political history, Government/Political systems, International relations/trade, Pre-WW I & WW I (1900 -1919), Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:23-30
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Treaty of London; Austro-Hungarian diplomacy; Emperor Karl's peace negotiations; Svetozar Borojević; Soča battlefield; World War I;
- Summary/Abstract:Field Marshal Svetozar Borojević was one of the commanders of the Isonzo front, which was crucial to the survival of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, albeit primarily for political rather than military reasons. At the beginning of the war, Austro-Hungarian territory inhabited by Slavs was subject to diplomatic disputes that assumed the character of a virtual bidding war, in which the members of the Triple Entente generously pledged the territory of their opponents to Italy which, after its initial neutrality, was thus enticed to join the war after the Treaty of London was signed. Given Italy’s military strength, this aroused moral condemnation rather than actual concern by the Austro-Hungarian political and military elite, and the Austro-Hungarian/Italian front on the Isonzo, or Soča, River served as an example of how the motivation of an army under arduous combat conditions, led by an exemplary commander and strategist, is a very vital factor in mounting a successful defence against a numerically superior enemy. It is paradoxical that it was precisely the success of the Austro-Hungarian Army on this front, which culminated in the Battle of Caporetto, one of the rare brilliant victories of the entire First World War, when Italian soldiers began to massively flee and desert to an extent unseen previously, also indirectly prevented the sole serious and promising Austro-Hungarian diplomatic attempt to withdraw from the war and save the majority of its own territory, which was initiated by the Emperor Charles himself. Secret negotiations between France and Great Britain broke down due to this largely Slavic region to which Italy aspired and which had been promised to it by the Treaty of London in 1915. The emperor could certainly not relinquish to Italy a territory that it was unable to conquer on its own despite the numerical superiority of its army, all the more so since the Italian military command secretly, without the knowledge of its own government or allies, initiated a peace offer to the Austro-Hungarian side. Svetozar Borojević also distinguished himself as a sound strategist at that trying moment when the Isonzo troops had to retreat not just because of the considerable military aid in men and arms that Italy received from its allies but also due to the complete internal disarray of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Even under these circumstances, when Borojević, loyal to the Monarchy to the end, had to withdraw his army, the Italians progressed very indecisively and slowly, even though they practically had no enemy army to confront. This is why the subsequent Italian annexation of these Slavic territories became a heavy political burden for the new Yugoslav state as well.
- Price: 4.90 €
SLOVENSKI SPOMIN NA PRVO SVETOVNO VOJNO IN MESTO FELDMARŠALA SVETOZARJA BOROJEVIĆA PL. BOJNE V NJEM
SLOVENSKI SPOMIN NA PRVO SVETOVNO VOJNO IN MESTO FELDMARŠALA SVETOZARJA BOROJEVIĆA PL. BOJNE V NJEM
(SLOVENIAN MEMORIES OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR AND THE PLACE OF FIELD MARSHAL SVETOZAR BOROJEVIĆ IN THEM)
- Author(s):Petra Svoljšak
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Military history, Political history, Pre-WW I & WW I (1900 -1919), Politics of History/Memory, Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:31-42
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Svetozar Borojević pl. Battalion; First World War; Soča Front (1915-1917); Slovenian historiography;
- Summary/Abstract:The First World War, the Great War, undoubtedly constituted a watershed event for the Slovenians as well and for the history of the Slovenian ethnic territory. The Slovenians participated in various stages of the world conflict; they were soldiers and prisoners of war, they were arrested and interned, and they were fugitives, while one of the bloodiest European battlefields, the Isonzo front, extended over Slovenian territory. The war in Slovenian territory manifested itself at two levels: as military operations in the region around the Isonzo (Soča) River, and as a burden to the civilian population, but near the battlefield and in its hinterland. Thus, the First World War imprinted itself into Slovenian historical memory. Slovenian historiography mostly examined the political facts underlying the First World War, while military themes were left to publicists and memoir writers. Until the 1990s, Slovenian historiography did not have a planned and systematic approach to the First World War, primarily due to the role of the Slovenians in this great world conflict and the military objectives intertwined with this conflict. One cannot escape the impression that the Slovenian people, as a component of the Austro-Hungarian armed forces, were the initiators and losers of this “great” war. And the periods following both World Wars were not kind to the losers. Treatment of the First World War depended on changes in society and on the needs of day-to-day political interests to confirm their developmental orientation. It should be stressed that Slovenian memories of World War I are almost entirely dominated by publicist literature, while Slovenian historiography began to deal with it systematically only in the mid-1980s. To be sure, in dealing with the Isonzo front, Field Marshal Svetozar Borojević von Bojna occupies a special place, for he provokes contradictory assessments in Slovenian recollection, although his role and significance to Slovenian territory have not be adequately examined. This work presents all previous literature on Borojević and assessments by various authors, as well as memoirs of Slovenian post-war politicians, on the role and significance of Borojević in Slovenian history.
- Price: 4.90 €
JE LI SE SOŠKU FRONTU MOGLO OBRANITI I UZ MANJE ŽRTAVA? RAZLIČITA MIŠLJENJA O BOROJEVIĆEVIM STRATEŠKIM OPCIJAMA NA JUGOZAPADNOJ FRONTI 1915.–1918.
JE LI SE SOŠKU FRONTU MOGLO OBRANITI I UZ MANJE ŽRTAVA? RAZLIČITA MIŠLJENJA O BOROJEVIĆEVIM STRATEŠKIM OPCIJAMA NA JUGOZAPADNOJ FRONTI 1915.–1918.
(COULD THE ISONZO FRONT HAVE BEEN DEFENDED WITH LESS CASUALTIES? DIFFERENT VIEWS OF BOROJEVIĆʼS STRATEGIC OPTIONS ON THE SOUTH-WEST FRONT, 1915-1918)
- Author(s):LOVRO GALIĆ
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Military history, Military policy, Pre-WW I & WW I (1900 -1919), Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:43-70
- No. of Pages:28
- Keywords:Svetozar Borojević; Soški Front; strategy;
- Summary/Abstract:Already during the First World War, and then in the years up to the Second World War, different, and very critical, views were expressed about the methods that General (and from January 1918 Marshal) Borojević chose and obstinately implemented for two and a half years when repelling the increasingly fierce Italian assaults on the Isonzo front. The expertise of those who hold such views cannot be denied, and considerations of alternative strategic or at the very least, tactical options have made their way to very objective scholarly works, such as, for example, ÖULK. However, one of Borojevićʼs biographers (E. Glaise v. Horstenau) pointed out an irrefutable fact: the defence was successful, and in war the individual who achieves success is ultimately deemed to have been right! The purpose of this article is to demonstrate how much freedom to choose Borojević actually had, and which of the aforementioned objections had valid grounds. The proposed alternative options must be weighed not only in the light of possible reduction of own losses with equal (or even greater) effectiveness of defence, but also with regard for the influence of the military, moral and political situation experienced by the enemy of the time – Italy. This is why there is a brief illustration of the military/political situation of both opponents on the eve of the war, the defence measures taken (or not!), the Austro-Hungarian Monarchyʼs plans for a defensive war on the Italian front, and—because this was not psychologically insignificant—Borojevićʼs command style in operations on the north-eastern front (first as corps commander and then army commander). This critical examination is not intended to, nor can it, diminish the historical dimension of Marshal Borojević, who occupies one of the most honoured positions in the pantheon of major Croatian military leaders.
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USPOREDBA STUDIJA STJEPANA SARKOTIĆA I STUDIJA CONRADA VON HÖTZENDORFA O PRETPOSTAVLJENOM SUKOBU NA TALIJANSKOM BOJIŠTU SA STVARNIM DOGAĐAJIMA KOJI SU SE ZBILI OD 1915. DO 1917. GODINE
USPOREDBA STUDIJA STJEPANA SARKOTIĆA I STUDIJA CONRADA VON HÖTZENDORFA O PRETPOSTAVLJENOM SUKOBU NA TALIJANSKOM BOJIŠTU SA STVARNIM DOGAĐAJIMA KOJI SU SE ZBILI OD 1915. DO 1917. GODINE
(COMPARISON OF SARKOTIĆ’S AND CONRAD’S STUDIES (1912) OF THE PROJECTED BATTLE ON THE ITALIAN FRONT WITH ACTUAL EVENTS IN 1917-1918)
- Author(s):Dinko ČUTURA
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Military history, Military policy, Pre-WW I & WW I (1900 -1919), Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:71-90
- No. of Pages:20
- Keywords:Stjepan Sarkotić; Conrad von Hötzendorf; the Italian front;
- Summary/Abstract:Sarkotić was a general staff-educated officer, and his views were purely military: taking into account the geographic features of the future theatre of war, the balance of forces, transit ties and the impact of weapons, he proposed the appropriate measures for both the offensive and defensive stance of his own forces. In this regard, his analysis of usable routes was more precise and consequential than that of Conrad, and the war proved him right! He agrees entirely with Conrad in seeing the Tyrolean Sharpshooters as the principal force to defend the borders, and in the formation of garrison troops. Sarkotić expressed better consideration of logistics than Conrad. Conrad exaggerated somewhat in his views of a general offensive, setting aside an entire corps for an assault over the Plöckenpass. Knowing that even the Germans did not manage to take this fortification in 1917, it is difficult to believe that Plöckenpass could have been used to oversee an entire corps in the decisive first phase. In this third study, Conrad did not even consider an Italian attack from the east, but this is precisely what happened in 1915! Conrad and Sarkotić had the same view of the offensive from Southern Tyrol, i.e. it had to proceed from Bassan. Conrad dedicated more attention to the task of the “Pustertal group” and wartime events bore this out. Both authors showed that they were under the thrall of the doctrines of the time: advancement in valleys is only possible if the high ground on both sides is secured in advance; if there are alpine passes, they will be used militarily. It was in fact the South Tyrol offensive and the Twelfth Battle which showed that more robust units could advance in combat even in very difficult mountainous terrain, while the real problem was artillery mobility and logistics! Both authors displayed a visionary understanding of new transport means that would enable the move away from the monopoly of rail as the main artery of supply lines. Sarkotić’s study has particular value for evoking the psyche of the Italian general staff. To be sure, it is incomplete—the author’s subconscious appreciation of the Plateau comes to the fore—but his calculations are entirely correct and his conclusions are logical. And they were confirmed by wartime operations in that region in 1915-1918.
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JUGOZAPADNO TALIJANSKO BOJIŠTE I MARŠAL BOROJEVIĆ U DALMATINSKIM NOVINAMA NARODNI LIST I SMOTRA DALMATINSKA (1915.–1918.)
JUGOZAPADNO TALIJANSKO BOJIŠTE I MARŠAL BOROJEVIĆ U DALMATINSKIM NOVINAMA NARODNI LIST I SMOTRA DALMATINSKA (1915.–1918.)
(THE SOUTH-WEST ITALIAN FRONT AND MARSHAL BOROJEVIĆ IN THE DALMATIAN NEWSPAPERS NARODNI LIST AND SMOTRA DALMATINSKA (1915-1918))
- Author(s):Tado Oršolić
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Media studies, Military history, Military policy, Pre-WW I & WW I (1900 -1919), Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:91-100
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Svetozar Borojević; southwestern Italian battlefield; Narodni list; Smotra Dalmatinska;
- Summary/Abstract:Newspaper articles from Narodni list and Smotra Dalmatinska mentioning Borojević under various circumstances during his stay on the South-west Italian front (1915-1918) are analyzed in this work. By means of descriptive and analytical methods, an attempt is made to become better acquainted with his personality and role in the harsh and bloody wartime events on the Italian front. Borojević was generally described as a resolute and unrelenting commander who saw before him only his duty and nothing more or less than that. Imbued with military discipline, sometimes excessively unbending, he was a man of few words, but very popular in the army, with a great deal of compassion for the soldiers at the front. His popularity was also expressed among the civilian authorities, such that many cities declared him an honorary citizen. He rarely spoke of anything else besides war-related topics. He was entirely dedicated to his military mission and the defence of the front. Ultimately this stance resulted in successful defence, and the Italian army was halted on the Isonzo River, while this front in many ways set the course of the First World War – a view held by many military analysts of that period as well as the present day. Despite the fact that the newspaper articles have almost no critical observations on Borojević during his command of the south-west Italian front, this work does include an analysis of certain aspects of this consummate strategist and officer which were previously unknown to historiography.
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ZA NAŠU JUŽNU VOJSKU. RODOLJUBNE AKCIJE ZA TALIJANSKO RATIŠTE PROVEDENE U ZAGREBU 1915. I 1916.
ZA NAŠU JUŽNU VOJSKU. RODOLJUBNE AKCIJE ZA TALIJANSKO RATIŠTE PROVEDENE U ZAGREBU 1915. I 1916.
(“FOR OUR SOUTHERN ARMY”. PATRIOTIC CAMPAIGNS FOR THE ITALIAN FRONT CONDUCTED IN ZAGREB IN 1915 AND 1916)
- Author(s):Vijoleta Herman Kaurić
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Military history, Military policy, Studies in violence and power, Pre-WW I & WW I (1900 -1919), Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:101-116
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:talijansko ratište; Zagreb; rodoljubne akcije;
- Summary/Abstract:When Italy entered the First World War on the side of the Entente, this was perceived in the Croatian territories as an act of utter treason and a move to occupy Croatian territory. This view was heightened once the Serbian front was generally pacified and the Italian front become the closest to Croatia, and the distance thunder of artillery could even be heard in Zagreb when climatic conditions were conducive. Thus, events on the Italian front aroused much more passion than those in Galicia, for example, even though local men were being killed to a greater or lesser extent on all fronts. Soon after the war broke out, it became apparent that the Austro-Hungarian Army was not suitably equipped for long-term warfare on fronts. Soldiers were deployed to war zones with insufficient personal supplies (shirts, undergarments, socks, boots, etc.), so they had to seek these from their families. Conditions became increasingly worse as time passed, and needs grew, particularly during the winters. Society-wide drives were therefore initiated to collect and made winter clothing (socks, gloves, hats, etc.), which were then delivered to all fronts. Similar drives were conducted for cigarettes and Christmas gifts, essential to raise military morale. However, in Zagreb two drives were conducted in 1915 and 1916 solely for the Italian front, which made them specific. These encompassed the purchase of mosquito nets in July 1915, and sewing and dying of sand-bags from August 1915 to June 1916, vitally important to the construction of barricades in rocky terrain. Soldiers from the Italian front helped activists from the Ladies Club by sending them olive branches, which were sold on Easter 1916 to benefit widows and orphans of the slain soldiers of the Fifth Army.
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KONTAKTI IZMEĐU FRANA BARCA I SVETOZARA BOROEVIĆA TIJEKOM PRVOG SVJETSKOG RATA
KONTAKTI IZMEĐU FRANA BARCA I SVETOZARA BOROEVIĆA TIJEKOM PRVOG SVJETSKOG RATA
(CONTACTS BETWEEN FRAN BARC AND SVETOZAR BOROEVIĆ DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR)
- Author(s):Ivica Zvonar
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Diplomatic history, Military history, Political history, Military policy, Pre-WW I & WW I (1900 -1919), Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:117-124
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Fran Barac; Svetozar Boroević; First World War;
- Summary/Abstract:Utilizing unexplored archival sources, newspapers and existing scholarly literature, the author shows the contacts between Dr. Fran Barac and Svetozar Boroević during the First World War. Namely, Barac was politician who maintained good relations with political organizations Jugoslavenski odbor (Yugoslav Committee) and Srpski presbiro (Serbian Press-bureau) in Switzerland. Boroević was the famous Austro-Hungarian general. Their relationships were interesting. For example, Barac was the head of the University of Zagreb (1915/1916), when Boroević got an honorary doctorate. Also, Ivan Meštrović, Barac’s contemporary, mentioned their political negotiations, because there were any possibility that Boroević with his army joined to the Triple Entente.
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PISMA VOJSKOVOĐE SVETOZARA BOROEVIĆA 1912.–1920.
PISMA VOJSKOVOĐE SVETOZARA BOROEVIĆA 1912.–1920.
(LETTERS WRITTEN BY MARSHAL SVETOZAR BOROEVIĆ, 1912-1920)
- Author(s):Danijela MARJANIĆ, Milan Pojić
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Military history, Political history, Pre-WW I & WW I (1900 -1919), Interwar Period (1920 - 1939), Source Material
- Page Range:125-146
- No. of Pages:22
- Keywords:Svetozar Boroević; Slavko Kvaternik;
- Summary/Abstract:The Croatian National Archives hold ten preserved postcards and twenty letters sent by Svetozar Boroević to Slavko and Olga Kvaternik from 1912 to 1920. Boroević wrote in the German language, in Gothic script. The German text is only occasionally peppered with an occasional Croatian word or sentence. For his part, Boroević refrains from writing in Croatian, uncertain in his knowledge, but he nevertheless expressed admiration for those who knew it. Based on their content, the letters can be divided into two groups. The first group consists of letters written from 1912 to the beginning of 1918, in which “soldierly” and political themes predominate. Boroević, as a high Austro-Hungarian officer, very freely expressed his criticism of his superiors and his political convictions, which can be characterized as “treasonous.” The second group of letters consists of those written after the fall of the Monarchy, in which Boroević’s existential problems are dominant. The famed marshal, together with his wife, was brought to a state of utter uncertainty: cheated, his status was unresolved, as he was expelled from his homeland but had non-permanent residence in Austria, living under trying financial conditions. The entire situation was additionally exacerbated by a family tragedy: the death of his only child, his son. In the new state, in which he was suspect as an imperial military leader, he vainly attempted to demonstrate his view “as a Croat and his influence to contribute to the South Slavs during the war”. Disheartened, he wrote: “I no longer yearn to return to Croatia at all […] I shall never file a request to return and I would be entirely satisfied if they were to leave me in peace to enjoy my retirement where I see fit”. In the last preserved letter dated 23 May 1920, exactly one month before his death, Boroević wrote: “[…] I wonder if Laginja is still ban. […] I will take this last step and ask Laginja, as the highest representative of my homeland, to intervene in Belgrade for my pension. If this produces no results, then I can take no responsibility for what may follow. […] I can not allow such treatment of myself to continue”.
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SVETOZAR BOROJEVIĆ: O RATU PROTIV ITALIJE
SVETOZAR BOROJEVIĆ: O RATU PROTIV ITALIJE
(SVETOZAR BOROJEVIĆ: “ON THE WAR AGAINST ITALY”)
- Author(s):Željko Holjevac
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Military history, Croatian Literature, Pre-WW I & WW I (1900 -1919), Interwar Period (1920 - 1939), Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:147-152
- No. of Pages:5
- Keywords:Svetozar Borojević; Italy; Austria-Hungary; World War I;
- Summary/Abstract:The author briefly reviews the pamphlet written by Svetozar Borojević with the title “On the War Against Italy”, which was published in Ljubljana in 1923, translated by Lt. Col. Mile J. Kasumović, in editions in both the Latin and Cyrillic scripts. It had a foreword written by Hugo Werk under the pseudonym Adriaticus. In it, Borojević refuted the claims made in the daily command of the Italian military’s supreme commander, Marshal Diaz on 4 November 1918, i.e., only a day after the signing of the truce with the already fallen Austria-Hungary, that the Italian army, although weaker in numbers and supplies, had won the war. He demonstrated that the Italians had five times the number of infantry troops and an artillery that was ten times stronger, but that the western powers still had to save Italy from complete collapse during the war. The Ljubljana edition of “On the War Against Italy” received a positive review in 17 November 1923 edition of the newspaper Agramer Tagblatt, a Zagreb-based German-language periodical, which particularly highlighted this concluding observation made by Borojević: “Italy can back its arguments in all possible ways at the peace conference, but not on the basis of the sanctity of treaties and the success of its arms”.
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RECEPCIJA FELDMARŠALA SVETOZARA BOROJEVIĆA U USPOREDBI HRVATSKE, JUŽNOSLAVENSKE I EUROPSKE BIOGRAFSKE LEKSIKOGRAFIJE
RECEPCIJA FELDMARŠALA SVETOZARA BOROJEVIĆA U USPOREDBI HRVATSKE, JUŽNOSLAVENSKE I EUROPSKE BIOGRAFSKE LEKSIKOGRAFIJE
(THE TREATMENT OF FIELD MARSHAL SVETOZAR BOROJEVIĆ IN COMPARATIVE CROATIAN, SOUTH SLAVIC AND EUROPEAN BIOGRAPHICAL LEXICOGRAPHY)
- Author(s):Josip PRGOMET, Marino Manin
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Lexis, Comparative Linguistics, Comparative Study of Literature, Interwar Period (1920 - 1939), WW II and following years (1940 - 1949), Post-War period (1950 - 1989), Transformation Period (1990 - 2010), Theory of Literature
- Page Range:153-160
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Svetozar Borojević; encyclopedias; lexicons;
- Summary/Abstract:Setting forth from the assumption that encyclopaedia-production in any country reflects the time in which it emerges, the objective of this work is to explore any possible divergences in the treatment of the life and deeds of Borojević among the encyclopaedia entries of various nations. Stated differently, the objective of this research is to ascertain whether there were encyclopaedia entries that were influenced by or were in correlation with the origin of the national encyclopaedic source, with the specific encyclopaedia-production of a given nation. In this context, emphasis will be placed on an inter-lexicographic biographical comparison of national biographical lexicographic entries and an examination of any differences in interpretation in the approach to the material, which may have been caused by the heterogeneity of national lexicographic sources and approaches. The basic hypothesis lies in examining the assumption that the framework of national lexicography focuses on a specific vision, and the objective of this work is to detect these views as encapsulated in biographical lexicographic entries as research units during the period from the 1920s to the present. In methodological terms, the work presents an attempt to ascertain the approach and analysis in articles about Borojević and, in this sense, the focus is on a more factual description of encyclopaedia entries than an analytical and critical approach to their sources, without moving beyond the factual generalizations contained in the encyclopaedic entries. The overview of encyclopaedia entries is based on the assumption that encyclopaedia entries reflect the spirit of the time, and that the idea that lexicographical entries personify the spirit of the time within all limits of national/state or ideological provenance must be either confirmed or refuted.
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FELDMARŠAL SVETOZAR BARUN BOROEVIĆ OD BOJNE NA MEDALJAMA
FELDMARŠAL SVETOZAR BARUN BOROEVIĆ OD BOJNE NA MEDALJAMA
(FIELD MARSHAL BARON SVETOZAR BOROEVIĆ OF BOJNA ON MEDALS)
- Author(s):Ivan Mirnik
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Military history, Pre-WW I & WW I (1900 -1919), Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:161-178
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:Boroević Svetozar; First World War; medals; plaques; badges;
- Summary/Abstract:Svetozar Boroević (Umetić, 13. XII. 1856 – Klagenfurt, 23. V. 1920) wurde während drei Jahren des Ersten Weltkrieges (1915-1917) auf etlichen Medaillen, Plaketten und Abzeichen, welche man zu Woltätigkeitszwecken (z.B. für das Kriegsfürsorgeamt) verkaufte, verewigt. Seine militärische Laufbahn entwickelte sich in folgenden Stufen: Korporal, VIII. 1872.; Feldwebel, VII. 1873.; Kadett, XI. 1874.; Leutnant, 1. V. 1875.; Oberleutnant, V. 1880.; Hauptmann 1. Kl., V. 1886.; Major, V. 1892.; Oberstleutnant, 1. V. 1895.; Oberst, XI. 1897.; Generalmajor, V. 1904.; Feldmarschalleutnant, 8. V. 1908.; General der Infanterie, 28. IV. 1914.; Generaloberst, V. 1916. und schliesslich Feldmarschall, 1. V. 1918. In der ganzen Oesterreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie war er einer der wenigen nicht deutschen Feldmarschalle, oder aus den Reihen der kaiserlichen Familie. Am 2. V. 1905. wurde im vom Kaiser Franz Joseph I. kroatisch-ungarischer Adel verliehen, mit dem Prädikat “von Bojna” (Bojna ist ein Dorf im ehemaligen Bezirk Glina, in der Vewaltunggemeinde Maja, des Comitates Zagreb. Als Svetozar Boroević vom seligen Kaiser Karl in der Promotion vom 2. VI. 1917. mit dem Komturkreuz der Maria-Theresia-Ordens ausgezeichnet wurde, wurde er ipso facto Baron. Auf Medaillen und Plaketten, sowie Abzeichen, kann man nur einen Teil seiner Laufbahn folgen. So trägt er die Rangstufen eines Feldmarschalleutnants, eines Generals der Infanterie und eines Generalobersten. Als er Feldmarschall wurde, hatte man andere Sorgen, als Medaillen zu prägen. Dann kam das Kriegsende und die Zerstückelung der Monarchie. Die und bekannten Medaillen sind Werke sehr guter Meister, geprägt bei renommierten Prägeanstalten in Oesterreich und Deutschland. Für einige Abzeichen bleiben uns die Medailleüre vorläufig unbekannt. Der einzige bedeutende Bildhauer, der Svetozar Boroević auf einem Relief porträtiert hat, war der Kroate Robert Frangeš-Mihanović.
- Price: 4.90 €
SABLJA FELDMARŠALA BOROJEVIĆA
SABLJA FELDMARŠALA BOROJEVIĆA
(FIELD MARSHAL BOROJEVIĆ’S SABRE)
- Author(s):Tomislav ARALICA
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Military history, Military policy, Pre-WW I & WW I (1900 -1919), Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:179-186
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Svetozar Borojević; sabre; battles on Soča; Austria-Hungary;
- Summary/Abstract:In this work, the author describes the ceremonial sabre that Field Marshal (at the time Infantry General) Svetozar Borojević was given by his subordinate officers in the general staff of the Fifth Army (the so-called Isonzo Army), of the Habsburg armed forces, on 2 December 1916 after the successful completion of the critical Ninth Battle on the Isonzo (Soča) River. The sabre corresponds to the type that infantry officers in the Austro-Hungarian armed forces carried under designation M.1861. This designation is somewhat imprecise because after 1861—without any specific regulation being passed—the older M.1850 infantry officer sabre began to be worn in the manner of the M.1861 cavalry sabre. A detailed regulation on the appearance of infantry officer sabres only followed in 1871. These sabres were used until the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy in 1918. Borojević’s sabre has back reinforcement on the grip and a cross-guard made of iron with engraved decorations depicting laurel branches, on which some details are gilded. The damask cutting edge bears the gilded inscriptions Die Isonzo-Armee Ihrem Fürer and 2. Dezember 1916. The pommel bears the seal of the blade’s producer: WEYERSBERG KIRSCHBAUM CIE SOLINGEN. The iron sheath has ring-shaped hanging loops decorated in the same fashion as the hilt, while the insignia of the Isonzo Army was affixed just below the sheath’s mouth. All iron components of the sabre are burnished to a black-blue shine. The author cites analogies to this example, and provides data on damask blades and their production, and describes the history and variants of the insignia of the Isonzo Army.
- Price: 4.90 €
SJEĆANJA GOSPOĐE NEDE PRPIĆ
SJEĆANJA GOSPOĐE NEDE PRPIĆ
(MEMORIES OF MRS NEDA PRPIĆ)
- Author(s):Tomislav Šulj, Neda Prpić
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Local History / Microhistory, Political history, Social history, Recent History (1900 till today), Government/Political systems
- Page Range:187-192
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:Neda Pripić; Croatian history; Austro-Hungarian Empire; NDH; Zagreb; Political and social life;
- Summary/Abstract:Interview with Neda Pripić. Interview conducted by Tomislav Šulj
- Price: 4.90 €