Space Environment and International Politics
Space Environment and International Politics
Contributor(s): Hasret Çomak (Editor), Burak Şakir Şeker (Editor)
Subject(s): Politics / Political Sciences, Social Sciences, Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, Psychology, Essay|Book Review |Scientific Life, General Reference Works, Geography, Regional studies, Library and Information Science, Sociology
Published by: Transnational Press London
Keywords: space environment; space security; NATO and space; Russia and space
Summary/Abstract: Embark on an enlightening journey through the vast expanse of space law and policy with "Space Environment and International Politics". Authored by experts in the field, this comprehensive volume explores the intricacies of international space law, from the development of legal frameworks to the challenges posed by space debris and the regulation of space activities. Delving into the space policies of international organizations such as the United Nations, NATO, and the European Space Agency, the book offers invaluable insights into efforts to ensure outer space security and foster sustainable space politics. Examining key issues surrounding space security and warfare, including cyber security threats and the militarization of space, the authors provide a nuanced understanding of the evolving geopolitical dynamics. With its meticulous research, insightful analysis, and balanced discussions, this book is an indispensable resource for policymakers, scholars, and practitioners navigating the complex terrain of international space law and politics. Whether you're a seasoned professional or an aspiring student, "Space Environment and International Politics" offers a captivating glimpse into the legal, political, and technological dimensions of politics beyond Earth.
- E-ISBN-13: 978-1-80135-270-3
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-1-80135-269-7
- Page Count: 445
- Publication Year: 2024
- Language: English
The Development of International Space Law
The Development of International Space Law
(The Development of International Space Law)
- Author(s):Caner Akkaya, Ozan Örmeci
- Language:English
- Subject(s):International Law
- Page Range:9-17
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:Development; International Space Law; international; space; law;
- Summary/Abstract:The ‘Space Age’ started with the launching of the first artificial Earth satellite ‘Sputnik-1’ into the space by the Soviet Union in 1957. The bipolar world order during the Cold War had its effects over the space studies as well, especially between the two super powers, namely; the United States (U.S.) and the Soviet Union (USSR). That is why, the Cold War led to the emergence of ‘Space Race’ between Moscow and Washington. Following the end of the Cold War, many new states (China, India etc.) also joined the scramble in the space in addition to two already existing great powers. In that sense, the emphasis on space studies increased considerably in the 21st century.
- Price: 4.90 €
Legal Status of Space Debris
Legal Status of Space Debris
(Legal Status of Space Debris)
- Author(s):Çağla Arslan Bozkuş, Volkan Bozkuş
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence
- Page Range:19-36
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:Legal Status; Space Debris; scientific; universal scientific research;
- Summary/Abstract:After space and universal scientific research gained, space debris has also become an important question in the scientific world. The continued practice of disposing of space debris on Earth in areas such as the space craft cemetery has raised environmental concerns.
- Price: 4.90 €
Space Negotiations Through The Lenses of International Law
Space Negotiations Through The Lenses of International Law
(Space Negotiations Through The Lenses of International Law)
- Author(s):Öncel Sençerman
- Language:English
- Subject(s):International Law
- Page Range:37-54
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:Space; Negotiations; Through; International Law;
- Summary/Abstract:Reaching the outer space and travel to the moon had not only taken the interest of science-fiction authors of the 19th century like Jules Verne, but also of the people starting from the ancient times, and of the states later in the 20th century. Nazi Germany’s success in rocket science before the Second World War (WWII) and in their using V-rockets during the war drew the attention of the world powers of the time. The triumphant powers of the WWII like the United States of America (USA) and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) paid great importance into rocket science to improve their ballistic missile capacities for a world hegemony in the bipolarity of the world politics. The efforts for developing and improving the missile capacities of these two major states paved the way for further other developments in space science, which resulted in developing the necessary technology to reach the outer space. The competitive rivals, the USA and USSR, were focusing their scientific and military energies on space issues mostly like surveillance over the rival’s territories for spying activities in particular. The Soviet Union was the first to launch a satellite, the Sputnik, orbiting the Earth in 1957. The Sputnik was just the beginning. The later developments like sending the first human being, Yuri Gagarin the cosmonaut of the USSR, into the outer space in 1961 and the American astronaut Neil Armstrong’s first step on the moon in 1969 became important milestones in the historical achievements of the humankind in outer space.
- Price: 4.90 €
Peaceful and Non-Peaceful Uses of Outer Space in International Law
Peaceful and Non-Peaceful Uses of Outer Space in International Law
(Peaceful and Non-Peaceful Uses of Outer Space in International Law)
- Author(s):Tuba Taşlicali Koç
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, International Law
- Page Range:55-67
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:Peaceful; Non-Peaceful; Outer Space; International Law;
- Summary/Abstract:The history of humanity is unfortunately commemorated with the wars initiated to dominate the world. The aim of being the sole domination over the area they lived on caused wars between states throughout history, these wars, which were initially on land, spread to the seas with the discovery of transportation on sea. This perspective of humanity focused on dominating and managing geography has changed with the development of space-oriented technologies, and eventually, space has become a problematic area in terms of co-existence.
- Price: 4.90 €
United Nations’ Efforts to Ensure Outer Space Security
United Nations’ Efforts to Ensure Outer Space Security
(United Nations’ Efforts to Ensure Outer Space Security)
- Author(s):Doğan Şafak Polat
- Language:English
- Subject(s):International Law
- Page Range:71-92
- No. of Pages:22
- Keywords:United Nations; Outer Space Security; Law;
- Summary/Abstract:Since the initial launch of Sputnik I on October 4, 1957, it has been impossible to think about economic, political, or scientific aspects of human life without mentioning space. The vast potential for commercial, military, and scientific exploitation of space has made it a key strategic asset for many countries.
- Price: 4.90 €
Nato’s Space Policy in The 2000s
Nato’s Space Policy in The 2000s
(Nato’s Space Policy in The 2000s)
- Author(s):Sibel Kavuncu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence
- Page Range:93-104
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Nato; Space Policy; 2000s;
- Summary/Abstract:It is important to evaluate the analysis of the policies determined by NATO regarding space in the period from the year 2000, which can be defined as the 2000s, to the present day of 2023, from the perspective of the international developments of the period.
- Price: 4.90 €
Evolution of The European Space Agecy (Esa): Regulation of Space in International Politics
Evolution of The European Space Agecy (Esa): Regulation of Space in International Politics
(Evolution of The European Space Agecy (Esa): Regulation of Space in International Politics)
- Author(s):Caner Akkaya, Cenap Çakmak
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, International Law
- Page Range:105-113
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:Evolution; European; Space; Agecy; Regulation; Space; International Politics;
- Summary/Abstract:The end of World War II in 1945 marked the beginning of the Cold War era in international relations which further led to dramatic changes in the conduct of international affairs and the designation and definition of interstate engagements, including security arrangements. One of the most important security issues of this period was the arms race between the United States of America (USA) and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). This race was further complicated and escalated by the strong ambitions of the two superpowers to take it to the outer space where they made bold claims. The launch of Sputnik-1 into space by the USSR in 1957 was particularly regarded as a turning point in space studies and rivalry.
- Price: 4.90 €
Russian Federation’s Space Security Approach
Russian Federation’s Space Security Approach
(Russian Federation’s Space Security Approach)
- Author(s):Ahmet Sapmaz
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence
- Page Range:117-132
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:Russian ;Federation; Space Security; Approach; Russian Federation;
- Summary/Abstract:Today, satellites orbiting in space are of great importance for all international actors. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was the first country to initiate and materialize human space travel. In addition, the USSR, together with the United States of America (USA), was one of the most decisive actors in the space race. Having lost its superpower status after the USSR, the Russian Federation (RF) today wants to exist as a great power in the international system. Space and space security are of great importance for the great power policy of the RF. One reason for this is the weakening of the RF's capabilities in the field of space and space security, as in every field after the USSR. In contrast, the US has continued to increase its capabilities in the field of space and space security. The RF is trying to balance the US in the field of space and space security within its current capabilities. On the other hand, being the leading state in space and space security contributes to the great power policy of the RF in terms of prestige as well as political and economic spheres. However, today, space security is also of great importance for the security of the RF.
- Price: 4.90 €
Türkiye’s Studies in The Space Field
Türkiye’s Studies in The Space Field
(Türkiye’s Studies in The Space Field)
- Author(s):Hande Ortay
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence
- Page Range:133-144
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Türkiye; Studies; Space Field;
- Summary/Abstract:In 1961, after four years of efforts and rocket tests of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), the first manned spacecraft called Sputnik, under the command of Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, successfully orbited the earth, and this event has created a major security concern in the United States of America (USA). This situation has showed that the USSR had the capacity to stage a targeted missile attack on the USA. In the face of this threat, the US administrations started a very costly space race with the belief that they should defeat the USSR in space exploration and that getting ahead in the said race is of key importance for world leadership. In this context, John F. Kennedy, who was elected President in 1961, used the following expressions in his speech known as ‘Moon Speech’: ‘Those who came before us made certain that this country rode the first waves of the industrial revolutions, the first waves of modern invention, and the first wave of nuclear power, and this generation does not intend to founder in the backwash of the coming age of space. We mean to be a part of it we mean to lead it. For the eyes of the world now look into space, to the moon and to the planets beyond, and we have vowed that we shall not see it governed by a hostile flag of conquest, but by a banner of freedom and peace. We have vowed that we shall not see space filled with weapons of mass destruction, but with instruments of knowledge and understanding. We set sail on this new sea because there is new knowledge to be gained, and new rights to be won, and they must be won and used for the progress of all people. For space science, like nuclear science and all technology, has no conscience of its own. Whether it will become a force for good or ill depends on man, and only if the United States occupies a position of pre-eminence can we help decide whether this new ocean will be a sea of peace or a new terrifying theater of war... We choose to go to the moon. We cannot guarantee that we will be the first nation to reach the moon, but if we are not successful in making this effort, we will certainly be the last.’
- Price: 4.90 €
Development of Space Policy and Law in Türkiye
Development of Space Policy and Law in Türkiye
(Development of Space Policy and Law in Türkiye)
- Author(s):Onur Sabri Durak
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence
- Page Range:145-155
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:Development; Space Policy; Law; Türkiye;
- Summary/Abstract:The phenomenon of flying has always attracted humans . The three-dimensional character of flight, its speed, and the world's transition into a ‘global village’ owing to ever more economical air travel are all elements that give aviation and air transport a high level of public awareness . Outer space activities, likewise aviation, have attracted human fascination and continue to do so. However, outer space commercial activities, on the other hand, are in their infancy.
- Price: 2.00 €
Examination of Türkiye's Space Policies within The Scope of Sustainability
Examination of Türkiye's Space Policies within The Scope of Sustainability
(Examination of Türkiye's Space Policies within The Scope of Sustainability)
- Author(s):Çağlar Özer
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence
- Page Range:157-172
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:Examination; Türkiye; Space Policies; Scope; Sustainability;
- Summary/Abstract:For centuries, the sky has been one of those ‘things’ that humans cannot see or touch. As a result of the incredible rapid developments in technology, it is seen that the possibilities of reaching the sky, or rather space, are increasing. In order to carry out activities related to space, which is not under the sovereignty of any country, it is increasingly important to determine the legal regime, just like in the sea and on land.
- Price: 4.90 €
Cyber Security in Space
Cyber Security in Space
(Cyber Security in Space)
- Author(s):Serkan Gönen
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:175-207
- No. of Pages:33
- Keywords:Cyber Security; Space; Law;
- Summary/Abstract:In recent years, space operations have become increasingly critical for civilian and military applications, with a growing reliance on satellite technology for communication, navigation, and surveillance. As these systems evolve and expand, the need for robust cybersecurity measures to protect space-based assets becomes even more critical. This section examines the importance of cyber security in space operations, highlighting the potential risks and consequences of cyber attacks on space-based infrastructure and exploring the measures necessary for adequate protection and resilience.
- Price: 4.90 €
An Assessment of Space Security: Understanding Space Threat Vectors and Their Impact on Military Aspects and Human Security Under International Law
An Assessment of Space Security: Understanding Space Threat Vectors and Their Impact on Military Aspects and Human Security Under International Law
(An Assessment of Space Security: Understanding Space Threat Vectors and Their Impact on Military Aspects and Human Security Under International Law)
- Author(s):Nebile Pelin Mantı
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, International Law, Security and defense, Military policy
- Page Range:209-227
- No. of Pages:19
- Keywords:Assessment; Space Security; Understanding Space; Threat; Vectors; Military Aspects; Human Security;
- Summary/Abstract:While the concept of space security was initially defined in military terms, depending on the strategic balance between the first space actors, the United States, and the Soviet Union, today, with the increasing number of public and private sector space activities, as a concept relevant to the safe access to space and free uses of space for peaceful purposes, the space security has been shaped as a three layered concept consisting of (1) security of human/state assets in space against natural threats, (2) security of human/state assets in space against man-made threats, and (3) security against threats originating from space, distinguishing civilian and military uses, as well as environmental dimensions, and the use of space for security and defense purposes.
- Price: 4.90 €
Assessment of Expanding Security into Space and Transforming Space into A New Warfighting Domain: Opportunities and Threats
Assessment of Expanding Security into Space and Transforming Space into A New Warfighting Domain: Opportunities and Threats
(Assessment of Expanding Security into Space and Transforming Space into A New Warfighting Domain: Opportunities and Threats)
- Author(s):Murat Pınar, Soyalp Tamçelik
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence
- Page Range:229-253
- No. of Pages:25
- Keywords:Assessment; Expanding; Security; Space; Transforming Space; New Warfighting Domain;
- Summary/Abstract:Space, a seemingly so distant and inaccessible mystery, has always attracted the attention of human beings for centuries. Humanity has learned a lot from this boundless source of information. But it is the last decades when space has taken on an increasingly significant role and a direct impact in many aspects of our daily lives. Recently, the progress of modern humanity has become so intertwined with space-based capabilities, and so dependent on these capabilities that we even cannot imagine a moment without them. The use of space-based capabilities has become available to anyone with just a GPS device or Wi-Fi connection. Many applications that we are using today are supported by space-based capabilities in areas such as communication, banking, education, health, commerce, weather forecast, internet, and television broadcasting. Since space is free from terrestrial borders and restrictions, a unique difference from conventional domains, space-based technologies have significantly accelerated the speed of communication, thus minimized the distances. It is not the same space of Cold War era anymore, new technological and industrial developments have created a ‘new space’ which is more cost-effective, lucrative, and accessible. On the other side, the new space has drastically transformed into a more crowded, contested, and competitive area.
- Price: 4.90 €
Military Importance of Space and Space Security
Military Importance of Space and Space Security
(Military Importance of Space and Space Security)
- Author(s):Fuat İnce
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, Military policy
- Page Range:255-273
- No. of Pages:19
- Keywords:Military; Importance; Space; Space Security;
- Summary/Abstract:With the launch of the first satellite Sputnik in 1957, the military significance of space was promptly realized, paving the way for the continuous development of the necessary technologies to the present level, where space provides superiority in the military arena unmatched by traditional means. The capabilities offered by space are not just small incremental advantages, but have a multiplying effect on the other forces enabling them to attain the highest levels of capability required by modern warfare. Possession of space technologies has become vitally important for many countries.
- Price: 4.90 €
Space Security Perceptions of Spacefaring Nations
Space Security Perceptions of Spacefaring Nations
(Space Security Perceptions of Spacefaring Nations)
- Author(s):Serap Gürsel
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence
- Page Range:269-287
- No. of Pages:19
- Keywords:Space Security; Spacefaring Nations; Law;
- Summary/Abstract:While the spacefaring nations benefit from the blessings of space, they also encounter many security problems in the increasingly crowded space environment. These security problems threaten the sustainability of operations in space. Space security threats concern all people and institutions that have space-based services, as well as spacefaring nations. Space security problems must be discussed, examined, and resolved globally by all space stakeholders in this direction. The approaches of the spacefaring nations to the space security problems are interpreted from the national space policies and strategies. National space policies of countries are shaped in line with their national interests. National space policies also affect the discussions on space security problems in the international stage and prevent the achievement of global space security solutions. For these reasons, the perspectives of the spacefaring nations on space security issues will be examined and what needs to be done to ensure space security and maintain space security will be discussed.
- Price: 4.90 €
Emerging Space Warfare Technologies and Space as A Possible Theater of War
Emerging Space Warfare Technologies and Space as A Possible Theater of War
(Emerging Space Warfare Technologies and Space as A Possible Theater of War)
- Author(s):Serap Gürsel
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Social Sciences, Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, Psychology, Essay|Book Review |Scientific Life, General Reference Works, Library and Information Science, Sociology
- Page Range:289-310
- No. of Pages:22
- Keywords:Emerging; Space Warfare Technologies; Space; Possible; Theater; War
- Summary/Abstract:Emerging Space Warfare Technologies and Space as A Possible Theater of WarSpace activities are divided into two as civil and military space activities. Civil space activities include scientific and commercial activities. Military space activities, on the other hand, include military monitoring and intelligence activities that have been accepted for peaceful purposes until today. There is concern that military space activities will also turn into non-peaceful activities. Especially the armament of space and the possibility of possible conflicts to turn into space wars are quite frightening for humanity. It also means that both civilian and military space activities cannot be sustained. In order to prevent this situation from occurring, it is important to investigate the possibility of space becoming a theatre of war and to find ways to prevent this situation.
- Price: 2.00 €
Space Security Through Main Ir Theories
Space Security Through Main Ir Theories
(Space Security Through Main Ir Theories)
- Author(s):Burak Şakir Şeker
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Social Sciences, Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, Essay|Book Review |Scientific Life, General Reference Works, Library and Information Science
- Page Range:313-321
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:Space Security; Through; Ir; Theories
- Summary/Abstract:When the space age started during the Cold War, two sides of the Cold War have dominated the space actions for a long time. Space has of course been considered as a means to advance security and decrease security of the adversary regarding the atmosphere of the Cold War. That’s why for a long-time space security have been defined as a state’s ability to place assets to space without being interfered. But today there is much more complex situation in the space when we consider that states, international organizations and even individuals are doing space experiments and launching many objects to space which makes the space more crowded. That’s why today we are in need of wider approaches rather than only military based ones in order to explain the complicated situation of space.
- Price: 2.00 €
Power Balance in the Space Environment
Power Balance in the Space Environment
(Power Balance in the Space Environment)
- Author(s):Burak Şakir Şeker
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence
- Page Range:323-332
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Power; Balance; Space Environment;
- Summary/Abstract:On November 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1 into space. This historical event, in addition to being a turning point in political, military, technological and scientific developments, also marked the beginning of the space race to be experienced between the United States (US) and the Soviet Union. The ongoing effort to establish dominance between the two superpowers continued until the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War. The mutual agreements signed between the USSR and the US later expanded with the emergence of space law within the United Nations and the integration of international actors into the process.
- Price: 4.90 €
Space and International Politics
Space and International Politics
(Space and International Politics)
- Author(s):Mesut Şöhret
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Social Sciences, Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, Psychology, Essay|Book Review |Scientific Life, General Reference Works, Library and Information Science, Sociology
- Page Range:333-356
- No. of Pages:24
- Keywords:Space; International Politics; Politics
- Summary/Abstract:Space and politics have always been inextricably linked. Space is also linked to the concepts of security, safety, and defense. In the context of security and safety, space infrastructures and services are key elements of the political and strategic dimension. This is because the main driving force of all space programs of states has been political objectives. The advent of space flight created a fundamental historical rupture between industrial modernity and the post-modernity of the information age, which was initially only vaguely perceived. The information age, in all its manifestations, has given rise for the first time in human history to a truly planetary international political system. The space age is the age of global politics.
- Price: 2.00 €
Space Diplomacy as A Global Security Measure in Weaponization of Outer Space
Space Diplomacy as A Global Security Measure in Weaponization of Outer Space
(Space Diplomacy as A Global Security Measure in Weaponization of Outer Space)
- Author(s):Tolga Erdem
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Social Sciences, Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, Psychology, Essay|Book Review |Scientific Life, General Reference Works, Library and Information Science, Sociology
- Page Range:357-373
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:Space Diplomacy; Global Security; Measure; Weaponization; Outer Space
- Summary/Abstract:Unprecedented advances in science and technology directly affect the structure of contemporary international relations and reshape the balance of power. The technological rivalry between the two great powers in the international relations of the Cold War has gained extraordinary momentum with the inclusion of more actors in the post-Cold War world. In light of changes in the twenty-first century, the conventional three-dimensional – land, air, and sea – framework of sovereignty and power struggle in international relations has been expanded to five dimensions by including outer space and cyberspace. Considering the impact and decisiveness of outer space and cyber technologies on conventional domains, it is clearly seen that the structure and balance of twenty-first century international relations will be realized mainly through these two domains. Because of the unique character of outer space, the obscurities, and limitations it contains, constitute the primary focus of national and international security concerns of contemporary international relations actors. The intense interdependence of the artificial and anonymous structure of cyberspace with outer space technologies reveals the necessity of dominating cyberspace for dominating outer space. In such a complex environment, attempts to securitize outer space by international relations actors are naturally on the rise. Not only governments but also non-governmental actors appear to be directly and increasingly involved in the militarization and weaponization of outer space. The securitization of outer space through increasing militarization and weaponization initiatives has alarming implications for international security. Compared to conventional domains of sovereignty, possible destruction in outer space or cyberspace could have harsh and irreversible consequences on the entire world. Therefore, any diplomatic and legal initiative that strengthens cooperation and communication in outer space is of great importance for the establishment of international security. In this context, evaluating the status and impacts of space diplomacy is deemed crucial in order to better comprehend the future of international space politics in line with current scientific and technological breakthroughs.
- Price: 2.00 €
Nano and Micro Satellites as The Pillar of The ‘New Space’ Paradigm
Nano and Micro Satellites as The Pillar of The ‘New Space’ Paradigm
(Nano and Micro Satellites as The Pillar of The ‘New Space’ Paradigm)
- Author(s):Fuat İnce
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence
- Page Range:377-396
- No. of Pages:20
- Keywords:Nano; Micro Satellites; Pillar; New Space; New Space;
- Summary/Abstract:Although the term ‘New Space’ came into being around the turn of the millennium, it has been the second half of the last decade that the term has really caught on. There is now a journal specifically named New Space , covering a wide range of happenings in space technology and the related business environment. The term ‘New Space’ covers the proliferation of nano and micro satellites, small satellite launchers, space tourism, space mining including the asteroids and the Moon, as well as the new entrants into the field, which include public and private institutions, large and small universities, startup companies and countries, with no previous space experience.
- Price: 4.90 €
Satellite Pollution Around The World
Satellite Pollution Around The World
(Satellite Pollution Around The World)
- Author(s):Hüseyin Çelik
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Social Sciences, Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, Psychology, Essay|Book Review |Scientific Life, General Reference Works, Library and Information Science, Sociology
- Page Range:397-406
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Satellite; Pollution Around; World;
- Summary/Abstract:As a result of the development of space technologies, the number of satellites deployed around the world is increasing. These satellites are used for both military and civilian purposes. In the production process of satellites, costs have decreased and their sizes have decreased. The capabilities and variety of satellites have also increased. The increase in satellites deployed around the world can cause various problems. Satellites that are obsolete or out of use deviate from their course. Thus, the increase in votes brings with it the potential for danger. In this section, it is claimed that the potential risks will increase as the number of satellites deployed around the world increases. Today, the increase in the number of satellites brings with it serious problems. As a result of this increase, the danger of satellite pollution arises. Within the framework of these claims, it is necessary to focus on satellite pollution and to put forward various suggestions to prevent it.
- Price: 4.90 €
Concepts and Models of Design for Urbanization of Space
Concepts and Models of Design for Urbanization of Space
(Concepts and Models of Design for Urbanization of Space)
- Author(s):Ersan Koç
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence
- Page Range:407-428
- No. of Pages:22
- Keywords:Concepts; Models; Design; Urbanization; Space;
- Summary/Abstract:The blue sky, space, stars have always been an inquiry of wonder and/or fear in the process and development of human civilization. With the effort to make sense of what people are curious about and cannot know, in time astrology has led to astrophysics and contemporary space engineering and design technologies. On the other hand, cities and other built forms of environments have been witnessed and experienced only on earth surface and limited its development to physical parameters of our world. Parallel to the data processing and technical engineering solutions of the disciplines engaged in habitat planning and design, the satellites that compile visual and physical data following the given tasks in space, and after 2000, autonomous or controlled laboratory robots began to make the unknown known. And humanity is moving from a one-planet civilization to the construction of a multi-planet horizon.
- Price: 4.90 €
Is International Society Possible in The Space?
Is International Society Possible in The Space?
(Is International Society Possible in The Space?)
- Author(s):Gökhan Alptekin
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence
- Page Range:429-437
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:International; Society; Possible; Space;
- Summary/Abstract:Although space is a huge and unknown area when evaluated in terms of the world, world states and some non-state actors have made space accessible and visible to the society. In this respect, space has actually become a subject of world geopolitics. The purpose of writing this article is to examine whether the transition from international society to eternal peace will be possible with a space policy that can be built in the future. The article is written in three parts and a conclusion. First part is the importance of space, cooperation and competition between the actors, second part is space law and peaceful usage of the space, the last part is the possibility of international society in the space.
- Price: 4.90 €