Komunikacja medyczna – wyzwania i źródła inspiracji
Medical Communication – Challenges and Inspiration Sources
Contributor(s): Antonina Doroszewska (Editor), Marta Chojnacka-Kuraś (Editor), Aldona Katarzyna Jankowska (Editor)
Subject(s): Social Sciences, Economy, Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
Published by: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Keywords: medical communication; medical personnel-patient communication; communication competences; professional language
Summary/Abstract: The authors of the texts included in this monograph address, among others, such threads as: the structure of medical communication, legal aspects of informing patients, tools supporting the decision-making process related to therapeutic management, the specific nature of professional language, doctor-patient communication during teleconsultation, informing patients about the pharmacotherapy related risks, the development of communication competences of medical students and personnel, the language aspects of patient-doctor communication, the issues arising from the influence of new technologies (including the Internet and AI) on communication processes between medical personnel and institutions and patients.
- E-ISBN-13: 978-83-235-6029-6
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-83-235-6021-0
- Page Count: 340
- Publication Year: 2023
- Language: Polish
Struktura komunikacji medycznej
Struktura komunikacji medycznej
(The structure of medical communication)
- Author(s):Marta Chojnacka-Kuraś, Antonina Doroszewska, Aldona Katarzyna Jankowska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:10-22
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:medical communication; interdisciplinarity; medical curricula; communication skills training
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of the chapter is to present (on the basis of literature and practice) the defining determinants of medical communication (its main purpose, participants, thematic scope and communication channels), as well as to outline its interdisciplinary nature, i.e. to indicate the scientific disciplines from which medical communication draws theories, research methods and inspirations (especially those that allow to maintain and develop an open approach to patients and the sensitivity of doctors to their needs). The approach to medical communication included in the works of Jan Doroszewski was recalled and it was clarified which relations of the participants of the act of communication fall within the narrow scope of medical communication (central relations: medical personnel – patient and his/her relatives; therapeutic team), and which within the broad approach (e.g. communication between doctors and the public and medical didactics, with particular emphasis on teaching communication).
Źródła nieporozumień
Źródła nieporozumień
(When a patient asks strange questions)
- Author(s):Maria Boratyńska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:25-49
- No. of Pages:25
- Keywords:duty to inform; excessive information; abuse of the right to information; false beliefs; cognitive errors; quackery; compulsory vaccination
- Summary/Abstract:The article defines the areas of information overreach from the side of patient demands and recommends ways of responding to requests that exceed the limits. From the doctor’s point of view, excessive information is information that goes beyond the scope of the planned treatment or its effects or is impossible to obtain. The limits of the duty to inform are determined by current medical knowledge, a reasonable relation to the planned treatment, the patient’s legitimate health or life interest and the practical availability of knowledge to the doctor of the particular speciality. Extended information may be needed to control the fears of oversensitive people or to correct false beliefs. If excessive demands for information are aimed at manipulating the doctor – they may refuse without risking negative consequences. When patients abuse their right to information, their demands do not deserve protection.
Zasady komunikacji lekarza z pacjentem podczas telekonsultacji
Zasady komunikacji lekarza z pacjentem podczas telekonsultacji
(Physician–patient communication during teleconsultation)
- Author(s):Justyna Tymińska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:50-62
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:telemedicine; teleconsultation; doctor–patient communication; patient perspective; communication skills
- Summary/Abstract:Technological progress that took place over the centuries enabled gradual increase in telemedicine usage in providing health service to patients. Telemedicine was initially used by medical personnel, army or space sector. Now, with the Covid-19 pandemic outbreak and the necessity of teleconsultations, it is commonly used by patients and doctors all over the world. Undoubtedly, doctor–patient communication during teleconsultation differs from the one during face-to-face consultation. The awareness of those differences can lead to improvement of the quality of teleconsultations increasing both patients’ safety and satisfaction.
Pomoce decyzyjne dla pacjentów w praktyce lekarskiej
Pomoce decyzyjne dla pacjentów w praktyce lekarskiej
(Patient decision aids in clinical practice)
- Author(s):Anna Kołodziejek
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:63-80
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:patient decision aids; shared decision-making; patient-centered medicine; relationship-building; patient’s perspective; informed choice
- Summary/Abstract:Patient decision aids are used when informing a patient of their therapeutic options in case of a new diagnosis or progression. They contain information on proposed diagnostic procedures or treatments as well as their possible adverse reactions, complications, and risks. Their uniqueness lies in taking into account the patient’s perspective – especially their values, needs and preferences in regard to each option – and considering them not only for the chance of success or risk of failure, but also for the impact they make on other, potentially important parameters such as the quality of life, risk of specific complications or risk of influencing an important aspect of a patient’s life. Patient decision aids are part of shared decision-making approach, which means collaboration between a doctor and a patient in order to create a treatment plan. These tools were tested in multiple studies and are evaluated in regard to conforming to standards and quality indicators. They were proven to have no negative impact on the process and outcomes of treatments.
Profesjolekt pielęgniarek nefrologicznych – analiza semantyczna i słowotwórcza
Profesjolekt pielęgniarek nefrologicznych – analiza semantyczna i słowotwórcza
(The language of nephrological nurses – a semantic and derivational analysis)
- Author(s):Alicja Dzięcioł
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:81-98
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:jargon; semantics; word-formation; nephrological nursing
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of the article is to present the jargon in nephrological nursing and, bearing in mind the specificity of specialization, mainly among nurses who professionally care for patients with kidney diseases in dialysis therapy. Its main goal is to show how to enrich the lexis of this group. The paper emphasizes that: lexical units most often used by Polish nephrology nurses concern diseases, treatment and hospital ward equipment; the picture of the world of nephrology nurses is not “anthropocentric”, as is the case with other professional varieties of the Polish language. A characteristic feature of Polish nurses is linguistic creativity. The word-formation analysis of the profession has shown that in the Polish vocational lexis of nephrology nurses, the following forms of derivation are productive to a varying degree: semantic derivation (metaphor), derivation motivated by the similarity of elements of reality (metonymy) and morphological derivation (affix derivation, retrograde derivation). The vocational vocabulary of nephrology nurses does not show a tendency to self-isolate.
Wybrane elementy informowania o ryzykach związanych z farmakoterapią
Wybrane elementy informowania o ryzykach związanych z farmakoterapią
(Selected elements of communication about pharmacotherapy related risks)
- Author(s):Dagmara Mirowska-Guzel, Magdalena Niedzielko, Marcin Kruk
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:99-115
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:adverse events; pharmacovigilance; pharmacotherapy; summary of product characteristic; patient’s leaflet; black triangle; risk management plan
- Summary/Abstract:The risks associated with the occurrence of adverse reactions are inseparable elements of pharmacotherapy. When a drug receives marketing authorization, the knowledge about its safety is always incomplete and needs constant improvement while the medicinal product is already on the market. This requires appropriate systems of control and monitoring and ensuring effective communication routes between patients, healthcare professionals, pharmaceutical companies employees and representatives of national and international organizations responsible for the supervision of medicines safety. The chapter discusses the role of the most important documents in the field of pharmacovigilance. These include: the summary of product characteristics with a risk management plan, patient’s information leaflet, safety communications, periodic safety update reports and communications from the Chief Pharmaceutical Inspectorate. Raising awareness of the need to report adverse drug reactions and promoting knowledge about the sources of most up to date information on their occurrence and prevention poses a major challenge for those responsible for and involved in the education of medical staff.
Nauczanie komunikacji medycznej – postawy i perspektywa studentów kierunków medycznych
Nauczanie komunikacji medycznej – postawy i perspektywa studentów kierunków medycznych
(Teaching medical communication – attitudes and perspectives of medical faculties students)
- Author(s):Antonina Doroszewska, Iwona Drozdowska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:119-135
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:medical communication; communication skills teaching and learning; medical education
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of this paper is to present the issue of students’ attitudes towards communication classes in the context of building curriculum and the implementation of teaching activities. In the first part of the paper, theories were cited as a reference point for the study of students’ attitudes. The description of the development of education in the field of communication competences in Poland was used to justify the need to analyze the attitudes of students toward learning communication skills. The second part presents the results of a study conducted among 650 students of the Medical University of Warsaw, from the faculty of medicine, nursing and midwifery. The next section compares the results of the research conducted among MUW students with the results of other Polish and foreign studies. When planning communication classes, it is necessary to take into account different approaches to learning these skills depending on gender, the risk of a decrease in positive attitudes over the years of study, the importance of modeling attitudes by teachers in clinics. For the quality of teaching, the organization of education is important, as well as the selection of appropriate didactic methods to maintain the positive attitudes of students who continue to learn communication in the subsequent years of education.
Samoocena przygotowania studentów V i VI roku studiów medycznych do przekazywania informacji o niekorzystnej diagnozie
Samoocena przygotowania studentów V i VI roku studiów medycznych do przekazywania informacji o niekorzystnej diagnozie
(Fifth- and sixth-year medical students’ self-assessment of their preparation for delivering bad news)
- Author(s):Julia Przeniosło, Agata Kotłowska, Marcin Trzciński, Oliwia Lenkiewicz, Julia Lenkiewicz, Krzysztof Sobczak
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:136-152
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:delivering bad news; DBN; patient–doctor relationship; health communication; medical education
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of this research was to analyze the preparation of 5th and 6th-year students to deliver bad news (DBN) to future patients. We conducted a cross-sectional qualitative study using the CAWI technique. We analyzed 321 questionnaires filled by 321 students from 14 Polish medical universities. The majority of the researched sample (69.2%) chose the partnership model as a preferred mode of communication between the patient and the doctor. 63.6 percent of students witnessed a DBN situation during their clinical training. Students with the experience of DBN assess their DBN skills as unsatisfactory. Clinical education of medical students should create opportunities for students to experience DBN situations firsthand, as part of learning.
Wybrane aspekty relacji między nauczycielami akademickimi a studentami na uczelniach medycznych w Polsce
Wybrane aspekty relacji między nauczycielami akademickimi a studentami na uczelniach medycznych w Polsce
(Selected aspects of faculty – student relations at medical universities in Poland)
- Author(s):Agnieszka Pawlak-Kałuzińska, Magdalena Wieczorkowska, Paweł Przyłęcki
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:153-180
- No. of Pages:28
- Keywords:academic teachers–students relations; hidden curriculum; features of a good and a bad academic teacher; discrimination; harassment; sexual harassment
- Summary/Abstract:The cornerstone of education is proper communication between teachers and learners. It becomes crucial in the medical universities, where – in addition to the passing and verifying the knowledge – gaining skills and competences as well as shaping attitudes of the future medical professionals takes place. That is why we claim that the way the relations between academic teachers and medical students are shaped, and how and in what context the transfer of knowledge takes place, are crucial determinants influencing the future professional performance of the medical students including their prospective relations with patients and their families, as well as co-workers and supervisors. In the article we focus on the results regarding medical students’ expectations toward their academic teachers, their ideas of the professional authority as well as negative aspects of those relations.
Lekarz i nauczyciel akademicki – zdalne nauczanie i zdalne leczenie
Lekarz i nauczyciel akademicki – zdalne nauczanie i zdalne leczenie
(Physician and academic teacher – remote learning and remote treatment)
- Author(s):Zbigniew Czernicki
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:181-186
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:remote learning; telemedicine; pandemic
- Summary/Abstract:The chapter deals with the memories and experiences of a doctor with many years of work experience as a clinician and a teacher, related to remote learning and remote treatment, elements of which appeared in the author’s professional life more than 20 years ago, and have intensified in recent years, especially during the pandemic. This chapter provides practical tips on how to teach medicine in such conditions and how to use the possibilities of telemedicine wisely.
Trening balintowski jako narzędzie rozwoju osobistego i zawodowego pracowników opieki medycznej
Trening balintowski jako narzędzie rozwoju osobistego i zawodowego pracowników opieki medycznej
(Balint training as a tool of personal and professional development of health-care professionals)
- Author(s):Joanna Pazik, Dorota Pazik, Anna Rudecka
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:189-202
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:Balint group; coping strategies; doctor’s professional development; health-care professionals’ personal development; preventing professional burnout
- Summary/Abstract:This article presents the assumptions of Balint group training as a tool enabling medical care workers to deal with difficult emotions experienced in the context of practicing aid profession. It presents the difficulties encountered by doctors in their professional work: high expectations they have to meet, emotionally demanding working conditions as well as their constructive and unconstructive strategies to cope with professional stress. The article discusses the principles and course of the Balint group training and its beneficial impact on the understanding of the psychological aspects of the doctor–patient relationship and building occupational resistance of the health workers.
Nieporozumienia w kontekście ochrony zdrowia
Nieporozumienia w kontekście ochrony zdrowia
(Miscommunication in healthcare contexts)
- Author(s):Agnieszka Kiełkiewicz-Janowiak
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:203-218
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:miscommunication; semantic prosody; healthcare; communication in medicine
- Summary/Abstract:In this discussion about the sources of misunderstanding in healthcare we focus on a situation when interlocutors speak the same language and apparently have the same aims and motivations, yet they differ in their access to the resources of context as used for interpreting the message. We juxtapose medical professionals and other communication participants (e.g. patients). Both have some knowledge and experience related to giving and receiving medical care, however they often unintentionally miscommunicate due to different interpretation of the same words and messages. It is our aim to explicate the mechanism of the dependence between the speaker context and message interpretation, based on selected phrases related to healthcare. We focus on semantic prosody.
Jak rozmawiać z dzieckiem o raku?
Jak rozmawiać z dzieckiem o raku?
(How to talk to a child about cancer?)
- Author(s):Marta Chojnacka-Kuraś
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:219-235
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:disease; cancer; metaphor; medical communication; child
- Summary/Abstract:The chapter presents the ways of describing cancer in the book "Co to ten rak?", written by a specialist in the field of biomedicine, intended for children and their relatives. The book reflects contemporary knowledge concerning the mechanisms of cancer cells formation and development as well as the methods of its treatment. This knowledge is presented in an understandable language, using more or less conventional metaphors and comparisons (e.g. showing the body as a machine, presenting cancer cells as weeds in the garden). Particularly noteworthy is the strategy of describing the cancer cell with the adjective chory (‘ill, sick’) implemented in the book. According to the author of the book, when talking to a child, it is better to avoid the term komórki złośliwe (‘malignant cells’), which can evoke the image of cells as dangerous creatures that intentionally harm humans. Methodologically the analysis presented in this chapter is anchored in the cognitive linguistics (the conceptual metaphor theory by Lakoff and Johnson was used), and its context is communication with a young patient in pediatric care.
"Wilk opowiada o SMA" – terapia, informacja, komunikacja marketingowa i medyczna
"Wilk opowiada o SMA" – terapia, informacja, komunikacja marketingowa i medyczna
("The Wolf Tells About SMA" – therapy, information, marketing and medical communication)
- Author(s):Diana Saniewska, Janusz Rutkowski
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:236-253
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:SMA; spinal muscular atrophy; The Wolf Tells About SMA; medical communication
- Summary/Abstract:In this article, we present Jacopo Casiraghi’s "The Wolf Tells About SMA", which consists of 12 stories about the experience of a rare, chronic, leading to severe disability or premature death disease which is spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). From a clinical description of the disease we move to a metaphorical presentation in the book, which was given a clearly bibliotherapeutic character by the author-psychologist. We distinguish and discuss three functions of this publication: therapeutic, informative and marketing (in the context of the social campaign "The Wolf talks about SMA" – the well-known and well-liked read fairy tales for children”) and its potential in the field of medical communication. This book can become a tool for clinicians and educators in their daily hospital and academic work, as well as for patients and parents in their daily struggles with experiencing life with SMA.
Rola ekspertów komunikacji medycznej w badaniach z zakresu human–robot interaction
Rola ekspertów komunikacji medycznej w badaniach z zakresu human–robot interaction
(The role of medical communication experts in human–robot interaction research)
- Author(s):Maria Nowina Konopka
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:257-268
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:medical communication; human–robot interaction; chatbot
- Summary/Abstract:The development of the latest technologies, including the one based on artificial intelligence, the pandemic period and the phenomenon of ageing societies imply an increase in the number of solutions used for remote patient service. Among them, technologies that interact in communication with humans are becoming more popular. Their design requires participation of medical communication experts, whose competences include, on the one hand, the ability to create correct communication schemas, models and processes, and on the other hand, the knowledge of the specific needs, expectations, fears and beliefs of the actors communicating in the healthcare space. The purpose of this paper is to indicate selected aspects of bot–human communication, in which the expert knowledge of medical communication specialists seems to be indispensable.
Lekarz na Instagramie i jego rola we współczesnej edukacji zdrowotnej
Lekarz na Instagramie i jego rola we współczesnej edukacji zdrowotnej
(A physician on Instagram and his role in modern health education)
- Author(s):Monika Miłosz
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:269-285
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:health education; Instagram; health communication; doctor; rhetoric
- Summary/Abstract:The activity of doctors on Instagram is a new area of research on health communication. The article answers the question of whether and how such profiles build the health awareness of recipients, and whether the medic’s online activity can be educational and positively assessed. The research material is the content of one of the most popular Polish profiles in the indicated area. “Mama.i.stetoskop” is an Instagram account run by a family doctor – Katarzyna Woźniak. The account is followed by more than 140,000 people. The article analyzes and categorizes 100 Instagram posts from the period January 2021–September 2021 according to the following categories of educational content: health prevention, professional work of a doctor and the patient’s perspective.
Komunikacja szpitala w mediach społecznościowych, zarządzanie kryzysem a kreowanie wizerunku placówki
Komunikacja szpitala w mediach społecznościowych, zarządzanie kryzysem a kreowanie wizerunku placówki
(Hospital communication on social media, crisis management and image creation of the institution)
- Author(s):Barbara Baranowska, Agnieszka Gibalska-Dembek
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:286-301
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:communication on social media; press spokesman; patient ombudsman; crisis management
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of the study is to present the hospital’s communication from the perspective of the work of the press spokesperson and the patient ombudsman. The article describes a communication crisis in one of the hospitals resulting from posting a post containing moralizing, offensive and discriminatory content directed at pregnant women and future patients. The improper reaction of the management, apologizing only to those who felt offended, increased the negative reactions of the environment. The paper discusses the main causes of patients’ complaints related to inadequate communication and the way in which communication can proceed in order to solve a difficult situation and formulate an appropriate apology.
Niektóre społeczne i komunikacyjne znaczenia w autonarracjach o porodzie zamieszczonych przez matki w grupach wsparcia na Facebooku – ustalenia wstępne
Niektóre społeczne i komunikacyjne znaczenia w autonarracjach o porodzie zamieszczonych przez matki w grupach wsparcia na Facebooku – ustalenia wstępne
(Some social and communicative meanings in the self-narratives of mothers about childbirth included in Facebook support groups – preliminary findings)
- Author(s):Aleksandra Nowakowska-Kutra
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Media studies, Communication studies, Theory of Communication, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:302-321
- No. of Pages:20
- Keywords:communication; narratives of mothers about childbirth; support groups
- Summary/Abstract:The article presents the preliminary results of research carried out using the participant observation method in Facebook support groups. Social and communicative meanings present in self-narratives of mothers giving birth were examined. The studied narratives about childbirth include biographical, educational, communication and therapeutic functions. It has been shown that they construct motherhood, present visions of the expected, ideal delivery and sometimes painful confrontations with these ideas. It has been proved that birth stories democratize expert knowledge, which has a fundamental importance from the point of view of medical communication, because relationships and positions in the doctor-patient relationship are reconstructed. They are also a tool for creating biographical memory. Importantly, they are a manifestation of the social production of knowledge about childbirth. In addition, childbirth stories participate in negotiating the existing interactive order, leading through the transfer of new social knowledge about childbirth to social change, for example, organizing social movements working to improve the situation of women giving birth in Polish hospitals, observing patient rights, etc. It has been established that for mothers homo narrator allows, among others to obtain respect, confirm identity, transfer knowledge or communicate a message, evoke interest and self-understanding, and often regain subjectivity.