Proceedings of the 24th International RAIS Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities
Proceedings of the 24th International RAIS Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities
Contributor(s): Denise Burrill Simion (Editor)
Subject(s): Social Sciences, Economy, Business Economy / Management, Higher Education , Criminology, Economic development, Law on Economics
ISSN: 2578-8574
Published by: Scientia Moralitas Research Institute
Keywords: Law & Economics; Management; Criminal Law; Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, School education; Health and medicine and law; Economic development; ICT Information and Communications Technologies
Summary/Abstract: This publication presents the proceedings of the 24th International RAIS Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities held online on October 17-18, 2021.
- E-ISBN-13: 978-1-945298-45-5
- Page Count: 178
- Publication Year: 2021
- Language: English
Artificial Intelligence and Big Data in the Age of COVID-19
Artificial Intelligence and Big Data in the Age of COVID-19
(Artificial Intelligence and Big Data in the Age of COVID-19)
- Author(s):Julia M. Puaschunder, Francisco J. Bariffi
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Health and medicine and law, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:1-9
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Artificial Intelligence; AI; Anti-Discrimination; Big Data; COVID-19
- Summary/Abstract:The view that the COVID-19 pandemic has set in motion profound changes in our modern societies is practically unanimous. The global effort to contain, cure, and eradicate COVID-19 has been greatly benefited by the use, development and/or adaptation of technological tools for mass surveillance based on artificial intelligence and robotics systems. The management of the COVID-19 pandemic yet has also revealed many shortcomings generated from the need to make decisions “in extremis”. Systematic lockdowns of entire populations pushed humans to increase exposure to digital devices in order to achieve some sort of social connection. Some nations with the capable technology development used AI systems to access individual digital data in order to control and contain the SARS-CoV-2. Massive surveillance of entire populations is now possible. In this way, the problem arises of how to establish an adequate balance and control between the utility and the results offered by mass surveillance systems based on artificial intelligence and robotics in the fight against COVID-19 on the one hand, and the protection of personal and collective fundamental rights and freedoms, on the other.
Ubuntu for Social Entrepreneurship Education
Ubuntu for Social Entrepreneurship Education
(Ubuntu for Social Entrepreneurship Education)
- Author(s):Adri Du Toit
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Educational Psychology, Inclusive Education / Inclusion
- Page Range:10-17
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:entrepreneurial education; purposeful education; qualification; social entrepreneurship
- Summary/Abstract:The value created for individuals and communities through social entrepreneurship is increasingly reported in research. Still, the perception that the purpose of entrepreneurship is only for individual or economic gain persists. This narrow perception needs to be expanded to include recognition of social entrepreneurship as a distinctive form of entrepreneurship, together with its broader purpose and the numerous benefits associated with it. The value-creation purpose of social entrepreneurship education can ameliorate numerous socio-economic problems experienced in many communities across the globe. In Africa, where similar problems are profuse, the need for social entrepreneurship is mounting. Therefore, the current conceptual paper explored how the African philosophy of ubuntu can contribute to a broader understanding of the value that social entrepreneurship can create for individuals and their communities. One approach to expand general perceptions is to disseminate knowledge and understanding in this regard, using entrepreneurial education. Gert Biesta's theory on educational purpose, focusing on qualification, socialization, and subjectification, was utilized as a framework to analyze and compare the purpose of social entrepreneurship and ubuntu for entrepreneurial education. Subsequently, recommendations were formulated for including and expanding purposeful learning for social entrepreneurship as part of entrepreneurial education in Africa.
Law & Economics
Law & Economics
(Law & Economics)
- Author(s):Julia M. Puaschunder
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Law on Economics
- Page Range:18-28
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:Artificial Intelligence; Climate Change; Coronavirus crisis; COVID-19
- Summary/Abstract:The fields of law and economics are hallmarks of social sciences. Legal studies account for the oldest foundations of scholarly work and have ever since been part of academic institutions. Since the inception of the science of economics, this standardized way of measuring utility had rising popularity. Surprisingly, the interdisciplinary discourse of Law & Economics has just recently started in the previous decades. In today’s world, the time has come to acknowledge the power of integrating Law & Economics as a most important approach to solve the most pressing issues of our contemporary times. Climate change, inequality and the introduction of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into our society will require the bundled strength of Law & Economics to successfully understand, harness the positive advancement but also curb harmful consequences of the opportunities and threats of our contemporary society. Law offers a humane-ethical clarity, governmental impetus and practical feasibility but also historical adaptability to implement societal changes including a legal birds-eye view of comparative approaches around the world, an exemplary sensitivity to disparate impacts of external influences on society but also clear guidelines how far the individual freedom can be granted in light of common security protection and societal welfare enhancement. Economics features the most advanced discounting of future value methods, an exemplary formalization of societal welfare maximization over time but also the most sophisticated ways to quantify societal losses over time and in often-overlooked or behaviorally-unforeseen externalities. Only in the harmonious combination of both disciplines will the most pressing contemporary predicaments of our time be solved and widespread inequalities be alleviated through fine-tuned redistribution mechanisms. Acknowledging the power of an interdisciplinary approach and cherishing a unique field of Law & Economics can help bridge the gap between societal entities. Adopting an interdisciplinary study approach with a commonly-understood language will promote a mutual understanding of multi-faceted insights in order to harvest the benefits of a fruitful Law & Economics Gestalt that is greater than its law and economics components.
The Impact of Audit Committee Effectiveness on Corporate Performance – Evidence from Saudi Arabia
The Impact of Audit Committee Effectiveness on Corporate Performance – Evidence from Saudi Arabia
(The Impact of Audit Committee Effectiveness on Corporate Performance – Evidence from Saudi Arabia)
- Author(s):Sultan Altass
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:29-35
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:Corporate governance; Audit committee; Firm performance; Return on Equity; Earnings per share
- Summary/Abstract:The main aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the effectiveness of audit committee (AC) of transportation firms listed on TASI and firm performance (FP) for the period 2010-2019. Employing Pooled OLS multiple regression analysis, the results indicate that the AC independence is negatively associated with FP. Therefore, the results contradict previous research which found that such relationship is significantly positive. Moreover, the results of two Pooled OLS regression analysis models reveal that frequent annual AC meetings do not have statistical association with FP. The findings of this study are relevant to investors and policy makers in Saudi Arabia regarding the reliability of AC in today’s competitive markets.
Regulations Specific to Trademark Rights in the European Union and the Internal Market
Regulations Specific to Trademark Rights in the European Union and the Internal Market
(Regulations Specific to Trademark Rights in the European Union and the Internal Market)
- Author(s):Dorel Mihai Vlad
- Language:English
- Subject(s):EU-Legislation, Administrative Law
- Page Range:36-41
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:industrial property; trademarks; commercially; licensing; franchising
- Summary/Abstract:The creations that are protected under “industrial property” are, like other creations protected under the comprehensive name of “intellectual property,” products of human creative activity, the fruit of thought, rational activity, and the result of man's ability to create and to perceive concepts. With regard to trademarks and geographical indications, it is initially noted that they do not constitute creations of the spirit in the true sense of the word and that their connection with "intellectual property" is rather vague, according to some authors, non-existent.
The Concept of Jurisprudence in Algerian Law
The Concept of Jurisprudence in Algerian Law
(The Concept of Jurisprudence in Algerian Law)
- Author(s):Hind Belkhir
- Language:English
- Subject(s):International Law, Administrative Law
- Page Range:42-48
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:jurisprudence; Algeria, nawazil; qadat; Muslim law
- Summary/Abstract:After its independence (1962), Algeria opted for a legal system of written law attached to the Roman-Germanic family. The young republic was to generate legal innovations of which the concept of jurisprudence was to be the witness. Our contribution attempts to evaluate the concept of jurisprudence through its legal thought of French law and as defined and conceived in the tradition of the Muslim legal doctrine that was present in Algeria before and during colonization. This will give us the underline the importance of nawazil, a kind of "ruling jurisprudence", where the massail (cases) and the motivation of the resolutions of these cases are recorded. These written collections of several great Maghrebian jurisconsults inspired the decisions of the qadi (judge) in order to render the most just, equitable and rational justice possible. The place of nawazil in the practice of qadat (judgment) that existed in Algeria before and during colonization will allow us to shed light on the place of jurisprudence in Algerian law – a very poorly documented issue, indeed. An overview of the historical evolution of the legal systems that coexisted for a long time during this period will prove to be very useful.
Use of Undercover Investigators and Collaborators in Investigating Corruption Offenses
Use of Undercover Investigators and Collaborators in Investigating Corruption Offenses
(Use of Undercover Investigators and Collaborators in Investigating Corruption Offenses)
- Author(s):Nadia Zlate
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Criminal Law, Corruption - Transparency - Anti-Corruption
- Page Range:49-59
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:corruption; special investigative methods
- Summary/Abstract:Corruption is a threat to the stability and security of societies, undermining democratic institutions and values, ethical values and justice, and compromising sustainable development and the rule of law. Art. 19 of the United Nations Convention against Corruption, adopted in New York on 31 October 2003, recommends that States parties consider the adoption of legislative and other have been committed intentionally, the act of a public official abusing his functions or position, for example to perform or refrain from performing, in the exercise of his functions, an act in violation of the law, in order to obtain an improper benefit for himself or for another person or entity. The emergence of the legal framework governing the activity of undercover investigators was unanimously determined by the need to fight atypical forms of crime, which carry out their activity in an organized and “hermetic” way, so that the activity of proving criminal acts by normal methods becomes especially difficult, if not impossible. The objectives of using the undercover investigator or the collaborator are to obtain data and information about the criminal activity, to obtain evidence that will be used in the criminal process. In practice, the undercover investigator or collaborator may carry out activities to establish whether the crime of which a person or an organized criminal group is suspected has been committed, is in progress or in the preparatory phase, identification of members of the group of offenders, identification some accomplices, the identification of witnesses, the identification of the places where the goods from the crimes are hidden, the identification of the places where the victims of the crimes are, the specification of propitious moments for carrying out searches or arrests, etc.
Examining the Teachers’ Views Regarding the Usefulness of Dramatization in Primary Education Based on Non-Parametric Statistical Tests
Examining the Teachers’ Views Regarding the Usefulness of Dramatization in Primary Education Based on Non-Parametric Statistical Tests
(Examining the Teachers’ Views Regarding the Usefulness of Dramatization in Primary Education Based on Non-Parametric Statistical Tests)
- Author(s):Vasileios E. Papageorgiou, Stamatis GARGALIANOS
- Language:English
- Subject(s):School education, State/Government and Education
- Page Range:60-68
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:Dramatization; Pedagogy; Non-Parametric statistical tests
- Summary/Abstract:In this article, we examine the differences that arise in teachers’ views regarding the utilization of dramatization in the educational process, using reliable inferential statistical methods. Our sample consisted of 60 (sixty) primary school teachers on the Greek island of Paros, of which 15 (fifteen) are men and 45 (forty-five) are women. The subjects completed a well-structured questionnaire, during the period October 2017-May 2018, allowing us to draw useful conclusions on both their knowledge and the usefulness of dramatization inside a school environment. Furthermore, we explore their general tendencies according to the importance and necessity of dramatization within the educational procedure, while the analysis focuses on their differentiation of views based on their gender and years of work experience, using the non-parametric statistical tests of Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis. These tests are ideal for the comparison of data resulting from questionnaires employing the Likert scale, due to the avoidance of mean value’s usage during their application. Finally, these well established and widely used statistical tools, enhance the trustworthiness of the produced results and conclusions, providing a representative insight of the general teachers’ opinions about the inclusion of dramatization in primary education.
Manifestation of Aggression in the Digital Environment
Manifestation of Aggression in the Digital Environment
(Manifestation of Aggression in the Digital Environment)
- Author(s):Dan Cristian
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Criminology, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:69-73
- No. of Pages:5
- Keywords:aggressivity; criminal law; psychology; criminal act
- Summary/Abstract:Aggression as a mechanism for conserving the human species has been incorporated into the human survival system since ancient times. The surrounding nature, the relationship between the members of the species, the relationship between them and the existing wild animals, related to the primary needs of food and shelter of man led to the development of the feeling of danger, the feeling of threat and therefore the need for a physical response attack and defense against elements that can destabilize life. Although these beginnings seem primitive to us today, the human being gaining supremacy over the administration of the planet a few centuries ago, they are still inscribed in our genes, caused by the time difference between the period of technological progress in human history and the beginning of the species’ existence the latter spanning a larger area of time compared to the modern era. However, in the short period of human civilization, more and more advanced mechanisms have been developed to inhibit its aggressive impulses, due to the new transformation into socio-intelligent, socially identifiable beings of the species. In the last period, the appearance and development of virtual social media has allowed man to hide his identity behind nicknames he has the opportunity to choose, thus giving permission to the aggressive mechanism inscribed in his genes to reappear. The paper aims to analyze the historical factors that determined the appearance and development of aggression, the transfer between legal norms for its inhibition and how it acts in the virtual space between members of the same digital community.
Humanness in the COVID-19 Era
Humanness in the COVID-19 Era
(Humanness in the COVID-19 Era)
- Author(s):Anastasia V. Golofast, Larisa Kiyashchenko, Julia M. Puaschunder
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Civil Society, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:74-79
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:Altruism; Archetype; Catharsis; Cave competences; Common welfare; Communication networks
- Summary/Abstract:The COVID-19 pandemic has led to worldwide lockdowns and social distancing measures. Speculations about prehistoric human development, when cave-man and cave-women survived and advanced in seclusion serve as an analogy for today’s lockdowns in order to derive inference about a potential future of humankind after the pandemic. Researchers at the University of Vienna study the group dynamics and socio-psychological impact of crises as a driver of human advancement. As these researchers outline, in the history of humankind, seclusion in caves held enormous potential for societal development, which may also apply today in regards to the COVID-19 pandemic. During periods when natural disasters made exterior living conditions dangerous, human hiding themselves in caves developed so-called “cave competencies.” These key advancements grew when people had to seclude themselves from society – e.g., during natural disasters, volcanic eruptions, but also during pandemics, such as the great plague of the 14th century. Starting out in analyzing the currently-ongoing work on cave competencies, this article then embarks on highlighting potentially constructive effects of the COVID-19 crisis, following M. Davis Cross’ crisis transition to a new Renaissance. The individual decision-making during crises is captured in its potential to extracting a particular common welfare enhancement in cooperative behavior. Altruism and reciprocity based on trust are outlined as important steps towards cooperation. An archetype of the renewed ethos is formed on the basis of a community of interest and is supported by the coordination of long-term cooperation and the particular interests of the participants in dialogue maintenance, as well as their fine attunement to empathic communication. Differing motivations, communication network frictions and free rider problems are discussed as potential obstacles of strengthening the social glue during a pandemic. Group psychology of collective coping strategies as well as the long-term coordination of intergenerational cooperation are outlined with particular attention to the digital world the pandemic has fortified.
Tactics of Listening to the Suspect or Defendant
Tactics of Listening to the Suspect or Defendant
(Tactics of Listening to the Suspect or Defendant)
- Author(s):Cosmin Butură
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Behaviorism, Criminology
- Page Range:80-84
- No. of Pages:5
- Keywords:psychology; forensics; criminal trial; witnesses, suspect
- Summary/Abstract:The key to an end, more precisely, the process in which the confrontation between the accuser and the defendant is carried out, resulting in a final verdict of the judge, it is the success of a well-conducted interrogation. A well-conducted interrogation does not refer to well-trained staff because the interrogation is not an on-site investigation action or an action for the realization of the criminal case, so we can talk about staff in the present case. The interrogation is primarily an art, in which self-knowledge, investigation of the deed, going through the road that the suspect or defendant after his accounts, the inter-person relationship between the forensic psychologist and the suspect, the knowledge of the interviewee, make up the sphere of forensic psychology. We cannot define which is the most important piece of a pending criminal case because all paths leading to the completion of the investigation are equally important as the interrogation process, but we cannot consider a valid investigation if we have the perpetrator in custody. Of course, a criminal case can be completed by the court and in the absence of the defendant if his death was declared. However, we are therefore talking about the case where we have the suspect or the defendant in custody and are to be heard in the file opened against him. As a result, investigators may hope to find out the truth from him, but in this case, the result is divided into two categories, either he confesses or he will not confess and will be found guilty only after the investigators have gathered enough solid evidence proving his guilt. This is where the notion of art comes in, because investigators have the mission not to fail the process of questioning the suspect or defendant. Investigating specialists, more precisely criminal psychologists, consider the suspect or defendant the most important piece of the case. For specialists, the suspect is the only one who can answer the questions: When? What? How? etc.; this means the need for authorities to have him in custody. It is interesting that once in the custody of the authorities, they receive more special treatment, such as legal protection. Therefore, the questioning of a suspect or accused is a fascinating show between reason, feelings, experiences, logic and strategy, played by the two characters embodied in the good and evil, which made me discuss this subject in the scientific paper.
Abuse in Service in the Context of Adoption Decision of the Constitutional Court of Romania no. 405 of June 15, 2016
Abuse in Service in the Context of Adoption Decision of the Constitutional Court of Romania no. 405 of June 15, 2016
(Abuse in Service in the Context of Adoption Decision of the Constitutional Court of Romania no. 405 of June 15, 2016)
- Author(s):Alexandru Peicea
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Constitutional Law, Criminal Law
- Page Range:85-87
- No. of Pages:3
- Keywords:abuse of service; decision; Constitutional Court
- Summary/Abstract:Abuse in service is, in the current legal system, a topic of interest, especially after the adoption of Decision no. 405 of June 15, 2016, pronounced by the Constitutional Court of Romania. It ruled that an act constitutes the crime of abuse of service only in so far as by the phrase “in a defective manner” we mean “in breach of the law.” Through this decision, the Constitutional Court of Romania also ruled that the phrase “in violation of the law” implies that a person (suspect or defendant in a criminal case) violates a primary rule of law. By primary norm we mean Government Ordinance or law adopted by Parliament. No primary rules of law regulations, ministerial orders, duties in the job description in an employment contract.
Some Aspects regarding the Crime against Humanity
Some Aspects regarding the Crime against Humanity
(Some Aspects regarding the Crime against Humanity)
- Author(s):Valentina Avramescu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Criminal Law, International Law
- Page Range:88-92
- No. of Pages:4
- Keywords:massacre; illicit deeds; criminal offence
- Summary/Abstract:The crime against humanity is also part of the category of international crimes. The paper briefly presents the evolution of these illicit deeds, as well as the transition from the theory of international law to the practical approach. Serious deeds define this category of crimes that affect both people's life and physical and mental integrity. One of the conditions of crime against humanity is the civilian population, against which the attack is directed. An important role was played by the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg, which tried the Trial of the Main War Criminals, paving the way for establishing an International Criminal Court with unlimited jurisdiction in The Hague.
Military Expenditure, Oil Revenue and Economic Growth in Nigeria: A Joint-Interactive Term Approach
Military Expenditure, Oil Revenue and Economic Growth in Nigeria: A Joint-Interactive Term Approach
(Military Expenditure, Oil Revenue and Economic Growth in Nigeria: A Joint-Interactive Term Approach)
- Author(s):Wasiu O Abimbola
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Security and defense, Military policy
- Page Range:93-98
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:Defense Spending; military expenditure; oil revenue; economic growth
- Summary/Abstract:The role of the Nigerian military in ensuring smooth operation and exportation of crude oil cannot be overemphasized. This is owing to the fact that the chunk of Nigeria’s foreign exchange earnings comes from crude oil exportation. Boris (2015) confirms that oil is arguably the livelihood of the modern economy and it has now become the most essential commodity in the world. It is a statement of the fact that oil revenue is the major source at which governments at all levels in Nigeria finance their budgets. This is why the Nigerian military would leave no stone unturned in protecting the nation’s source of living. However, while some scholars believe military expenditure plays a positive role in the economies of developing countries, others view the role as detrimental. One of the reasons why the analysis of military expenditure has not led to a conclusive result might be due to the non-identification of the correct channel. Investigating the role of the military sector on economic growth via the Nigeria oil sector may therefore be a good channel of analysis. Therefore, this paper tries to mainly investigate the joint nexus between military expenditure and oil revenue, and economic growth in Nigeria. To achieve this, time series data were gathered and analyzed using OLS technique with the aid of EVIEWS 10 package. The model used included a joint-interactive term. The result of the analysis reveals that military expenditure is individually statistically and significantly positive with economic growth. Though, as a joint interactive term with oil revenue, it is negatively statistically insignificant but this might be due to the oil revenue being individually statistically insignificant. The study, therefore, recommended military expenditure as one of the factors the Nigerian government should employ in influencing her economic growth.
Psychological Description of Serial Killers
Psychological Description of Serial Killers
(Psychological Description of Serial Killers)
- Author(s):Nicoleta-Elena Heghes, Cristina-Gabriela Schiopu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Criminal Law, Criminology
- Page Range:99-105
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:serial; killers; psychology; forensic; murder
- Summary/Abstract:Serial crimes have always had a strong impact on society and added more complexity to the legal investigative systems. Beyond that negative impact, history has documented with fascination those cases and the name of some killers remain in the memory of society and law with strong reverberation. Maybe an even more complexity is added in these cases, to the psychological and psychiatric examination of the offender, starting from the psychological autopsy, profiling of the killer and the actual examination of the guilty. Psycho-analysis in these cases follows the legal investigation closely as it starts from the first details of the case, the study of the biography and forensic evaluation of the victim, analysis of the operational pattern, estimations of possible motivation of the crimes and finally releasing a profile for the possible murderer. As complex as a serial murder can look and as hard as the investigation may go, psychological profiling and analysis can bring one of the best chances of prevention, if done in the most efficient and correct way. As such, this paper proposes a review of psychological and forensic concepts about different aspects of serial murders and murderers.
The Forensic Expertise as a Probative Procedure Used in the Criminal Proceedings in Romania
The Forensic Expertise as a Probative Procedure Used in the Criminal Proceedings in Romania
(The Forensic Expertise as a Probative Procedure Used in the Criminal Proceedings in Romania)
- Author(s):Adrian Cristian Moise
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Criminal Law, Criminology
- Page Range:106-111
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:forensic expertise; forensic tactics; Romanian criminal procedure code
- Summary/Abstract:The article presents and analyzes aspects related to the disposition and performance of the forensic expertises in accordance with the criminal procedural legislation in Romania. The article presents and analyzes aspects of forensic tactics related to the disposition and performance of the forensic expertise in accordance with the criminal procedural legislation in Romania.
Self-defense and Its Limits in Romanian Legislation
Self-defense and Its Limits in Romanian Legislation
(Self-defense and Its Limits in Romanian Legislation)
- Author(s):Robert Şerbănescu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Criminal Law, Criminology
- Page Range:112-115
- No. of Pages:4
- Keywords:history, aggression; self-defense; overcoming self-defense
- Summary/Abstract:From its beginnings, the human being has known the phenomenon of aggression, especially among members of the species, against the background of the ease with which certain primary needs could be met. This led to the need for a tailored response against constant attackers who threatened the proper conduct of the individual’s life, which is why these defense mechanisms were coded in the genetic structure and passed down from generation to parent. With the emergence and development of human societies, as social roles became more hierarchical, tribal leaders were forced to find ways to control human impulses. Thus, during the evolution of the human species, legal norms have been developed to regulate social relations in ways that ensure peace, collaboration and mutual aid between citizens. However, due to the longtime of individual human existence compared to the new form of social organization, these animal instincts could not be completely eliminated, which is why the state offers citizens the opportunity to act with some degree of aggression. The article aims to analyze in detail the factors that determined the need for the Romanian state to allow aggressive behavior in the form of self-defense in response to existing social dangers and how this permission is legislated in legal norms belonging to the Romanian Criminal Code.
The Social Communication of Saint Basil
The Social Communication of Saint Basil
(The Social Communication of Saint Basil)
- Author(s):Georgeta Stoica-Marcu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Sociology of Culture, Sociology of Religion
- Page Range:116-119
- No. of Pages:4
- Keywords:St. Basil the Great; Basiliad; social communication; social processes
- Summary/Abstract:It is well known that communication is a “social phenomenon, which involves an intention to send and receive a message” (Fârte 2004), in our case, the social communication to Saint Basil. The complexity of the social communication phenomenon is remarkable. It is a proof of human capacity to express their thoughts, ideas, and feelings of frustration, compassion, and struggle for social survival. With the help of words, man struggles every day, with the social problems he faces, with the depression generated by social problems, he transcends the difference of age, language, culture, color, religion and sex. The dimension of communication in social processes becomes “sine qua non” in our existence (Stoica-Marcu 2013, 128) a remarkable example over time is Basiliad. Saint Basil exhortations into practice the mercy of his sermons social facts confirming the strength of his Christian beliefs (Petcu 2009).
Our Savior Jesus Christ, the Accomplished Model of Soul Shepherd
Our Savior Jesus Christ, the Accomplished Model of Soul Shepherd
(Our Savior Jesus Christ, the Accomplished Model of Soul Shepherd)
- Author(s):Vasile Miron
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Biblical studies, Pastoral Theology
- Page Range:120-124
- No. of Pages:5
- Keywords:shepherd; model; holiness; sacrifice; love; redemption
- Summary/Abstract:Our Savior Jesus Christ is not just the model of our moral accomplishment, but the model of soul shepherds, meaning the priests who perform the holy services in the Church, in His name and through His sanctifying power. Just like the Saviors won the sinners’ souls, He forgave them and attracted them to Him through His godly love, in the same way, the priest of our days has to behave towards his believers with undoubted love, kindness, patience and humbleness, in order to make them go back to the right way and get closer to God, with trust and open heart.
The Fragrance of Cyber World 2080: A Perfume Forecast
The Fragrance of Cyber World 2080: A Perfume Forecast
(The Fragrance of Cyber World 2080: A Perfume Forecast)
- Author(s):Cienna Geunyoung Kim
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Evaluation research, Economic development, Commercial Law
- Page Range:125-132
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:fragrance; future; industry; perfume; workspace
- Summary/Abstract:With COVID-19 causing people to work in a non-face-to-face mode, more of us have become aware of future forms of workspaces: a contactless workspace. With unprecedented methods of human engagement emerging, the perfume industry faces the need to evolve. This paper predicts the developing needs of next-generation perfume consumers and introduces survival tactics perfume businesses should adopt to catch up with the fast-paced changes. This study includes two surveys on 180 working adults. In these surveys, respondents spoke on their pre-pandemic and post-pandemic habits of using perfume, specifically their frequency of perfume use and preference of fragrance products categorized by fragrance type, scent duration, product form, and price. Results revealed that working in an isolated space has increased the liking for lighter scents, short-lived scents, perfume oils, single-use packaging, and lower price over heavier scents, long-lasting scents, fragrances and colognes, bottle packaging, and higher price. It showed from the study that the increased prevalence of private workspaces drove perfume from being a supplement for better social connections to being an investment for relaxation, satisfaction, and higher self-esteem. This paper includes a prototype - a sample “future perfume” - created based on these findings to propose what a perfume product might look like in a neo-workspace. This paper aims to investigate new consumer demand targeting the perfume industry and contribute to research on industrial adaptation and futurology.
Romanian Communist State Persecution on Neoprotestant Children, Youngsters and Teachers
Romanian Communist State Persecution on Neoprotestant Children, Youngsters and Teachers
(Romanian Communist State Persecution on Neoprotestant Children, Youngsters and Teachers)
- Author(s):Ciprian Corneliu Ciurea
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Studies in violence and power, Pastoral Theology
- Page Range:133-142
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:church; neoprotestant; students; youngsters; teachers
- Summary/Abstract:While Adventist pupils and students suffered because of the communist regime, particularly because of not attending classes on Saturday, other neo-Protestant children and young people suffered because of their faith too. Although they had Sunday as a day of worship and did not skip classes, they, along with their parents and teachers belonging to these cults, had to endure furious repressive measures.
Some Considerations Regarding the Importance of Using the Old Testament in Sermons and Teaching
Some Considerations Regarding
the Importance of Using the Old Testament in Sermons and Teaching
(Some Considerations Regarding
the Importance of Using the Old Testament in Sermons and Teaching)
- Author(s):Otinel Murza
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Biblical studies, Pastoral Theology
- Page Range:143-151
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Old Testament; teaching; preaching; OT scriptures; OT importance;
- Summary/Abstract:In the light of preaching the Christian doctrines for the Church, the focus is usually on using New Testament texts as the main foundation. This may come out because of the way preachers and teachers were formed in the theological seminaries or just because they copy each other when it comes about transmitting the doctrine to the next generation. That makes the teaching and preaching of the Old Testament a secondary issue. For these people and their local church members seems that by focusing on the New Testament texts the Christians feel more appropriate to the right doctrines because they study the sayings and writings of Jesus and his apostles. But such actions have their outcomes. Therefore, this paper will focus on discovering if there is any importance at all in using Old Testament texts for transmitting doctrine and not just some life examples or faith heroes’ stories and if these are important for the spiritual formation of every Christian and especially for the newly converted ones. The process will start with an analysis of the use and meaning of the Old Testament scriptures for Jesus, his disciples, and the apostle Paul. Then it will continue observing what some other Christian theologians have to say about that, concluding in if it is worthy or not to focus on Old Testament scriptures for doctrine and life changing teachings.
Understanding the Family Role in Shaping a Broken Identity
Understanding the Family Role in Shaping a Broken Identity
(Understanding the Family Role in Shaping a Broken Identity)
- Author(s):Sara Sharifi Yazdi
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Individual Psychology, Behaviorism
- Page Range:152-169
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:feelings of failure; broken identity; family; rejection; failure
- Summary/Abstract:The family plays a highlighted role in the formation of positive and negative emotions in individuals. Previous studies had described the role of the family in shaping a broken identity, so having this in mind, we were trying to study the family role in the formation of feelings of failure. Participants were selected based on three criteria: clients' claim, therapist's diagnosis, and failure emotion test. Interviews went on to get to theoretical saturation (65 people). The subjects of the study were purposefully selected (using quota sampling) from psychology clinics in 5 regions of Tehran. Subjects were selected from 25 to 45-year-old individuals. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data, and thematic analysis was used to interpret and analyze the data. Findings indicate that families have a reinforcing and causal role in the experiences of failure, the family tries to control the individual by imposing mental and objective restrictions, using mechanisms such as intimidation, humiliation, analogy, giving privileges, rejection, labeling, guilt, or fear induction. On the other hand, some families seize opportunities for the development of children (especially women) by instilling traditional beliefs, leading to the formation of a broken identity in the individual. Extreme rejection and control by family members breed feelings of hopelessness, alienation, and abandonment, and failure in general. Some of the strategies used by these individuals are family avoidance, immigration, scheming, self-blaming, rumination, regret, and anger.
Incrimination of Freedom of Conscience or How “Life Beats the Movie”
Incrimination of Freedom of Conscience or How “Life Beats the Movie”
(Incrimination of Freedom of Conscience or How “Life Beats the Movie”)
- Author(s):Dragoș Penca
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, Pastoral Theology
- Page Range:170-178
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:Hacksaw Ridge; Jehovah’s Witness; conscientious objector; Romanian law
- Summary/Abstract:During the communist dictatorship in Romania, many citizens fulfilling their compulsory military service were criminally convicted of insubordination on the grounds that they refused to join the army or because they refused to take the military oath. Among these young people, many were condemned for refusing to work on Saturday, considering the Sabbath as a day of rest. Following the December 1989 revolution, Romania compensated people sentenced to prison or other forms of persecution for political reasons through material means. In 2009, amid tensions between the Romanian state and the Religious Organization Jehovah's Witnesses, the High Court of Cassation and Justice, the Supreme Court in Romania, described the crime of insubordination in the army as a common law crime and not a political one, thus condemning all forms of manifestation of freedom of thought or freedom of religion as a crime of common law.