ПЕРЕДІСТОРІЯ ТА ГЕНЕЗИС ПОНЯТТЯ «БАЛТОЧОРНОМОРСЬКИЙ СОЮЗ» (МЕЖИМОР’Я, ІНТЕРМАРІУМ) В УКРАЇНІ ДО 1900 РОКУ
BACKGROUND AND GENESIS OF THE CONCEPT BALTIC-BLACK SEA UNION (MEZHYMORIE, INTERMARIUM) IN UKRAINE UP TO THE 1920

Summary/Abstract: The purpose of the research is to analyze the visions of the Baltic-Black Sea space development in the Ukrainian intellectual space before the 1890. The research methodology based on the principles of historicism, systemicity, interdisciplinary. The following general-historical methods have been used: historiographical analysis, historical-genetic, terminological analysis, comparative, typological. The author adhere to the principles of cultural and intellectual history. The scientific novelty of the paper is recognizing of the Ukrainian perspective of the idea of a "Baltic-Black Sea Union" up to the 1890 as separate concept of development of inter-civilizations space in Eastern Europe It is found that in the Middle Ages the Baltic-Black Sea axis played a decisive role in the history of Ukrainian lands for the Kyiv state and for the Polish-Lithuanian alliance. Subsequently, diplomats of the Cossack state represented the Baltic-Black Sea space holistically and tried to secure the interests of the Hetmanate, balancing the great Baltic and Black Sea states. The main feature of the Ukrainian vision of the Baltic-Black Sea space in the XIX c was a key role of bilateral Ukrainian-Polish relations in the issue. In the nineteenth century in Ukraine for the first time, a number of concepts were adopted for the creation of the Baltic-Black Sea Union. Georgiy Andruz’ky considered the Union of Slavic states possible only without Russia's participation. Mykhaylo Czajkowskiy proposed to strengthen the Polish-Ukrainian alliance by participation of the peoples of the Caucasus and Balkan. Mikhail Drahomanov saw prospects in the Slavic democratic federation between the German and Russian empires. The XX c was a time of testing the concepts of the Baltic-Black Sea space, formulated in the long nineteenth century.

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