Формальний і функційний вокатив: комунікативно-граматичні студії
Formal and Functional Vocative: Communicative and Grammatical Studies

Summary/Abstract: The article thoroughly reveals evolutional and prospective, formal and grammatical, linear and positional, semantic and syntactic, functional and communicative dimensions of the Ukrainian vocative with disclosure of the main tendencies of strong influence on the development of its forms and formation of temporal interruption of their functioning. Actualized space of convergence and divergence of the vocative in the internal case system was found out, basic and non-basic semantic and syntactic functions of the vocative were determined, linear and positional intra-sentence status of the vocative forms was determined with the emphasis on special load of centrifugal intra-sentence tendencies in secondary functions of the neutral addressee and the identifier and centripetal force in the primary function of the addressee who is potential subject of action. The weakening and/or strengthening of individual vocative flexions reflects the main tendencies of the evolution of the Ukrainian language grammatical structure, interaction with other cases, increase and/or decrease of convergent and/or divergent relations. The variety of strong flexions of the vocative between nouns – names of creatures, partly – nouns – names of creatures is opposed to weak flexions of noun vocative case – names of non-creatures, which motivates the strengthening of the analogy in the vocative noun forms – the names of non-creatures, formation of regularities of noun vocative forms. The primary and secondary functions of the vocative are characterized by its appellative function, vocative forms belonging to volitional, functional and communicative field with pragmatic intentions’ domination. The correlation of systemic and normative, usual and speech implementations of formal and grammatical dimensions of the vocative was revealed with the disclosure of significance of the last two in the weakening of systemic and normative expression of vocative forms.

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