Azerbaycan Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin Teşekkül Aşamaları
The Stages of the Formation of the People’s Republic of Azerbaijan

Summary/Abstract: The functionality of parliament arising from its unifying power is not a coincidence for the People’s Republic of Azerbaijan established with the effects of the period’s politico-economic conditions and the devoted efforts of intellectuals. The changes in political and intellectual aspects arising from the idea of “national self–determination” significantly legitimize the decisiveness of the parliament. The concepts such as Turkishness, Islam, and Modernity having a determining role in the way of transition from the concept of community to the concept of nation play a key role during the historical process under the roof of this institution. All the democratic rights including the civil, political, socioeconomic, and cultural rights are the complementary elements of the “nation” model and they are directly integrated with the term “citizenship”. The new political view institutionalized with the driving force of idea of “enlightenment” has established its most striking example at the level of parliament. Especially the establishment of parliament in Azerbaijan is an apparent reflection of the phenomenon shaped under the “national state” concept. The general image of the People’s Republic of Azerbaijan has been drawn by the principles of the educationalism idea of intellectuals, who have lived in the second half of 19th century. It is possible to define the intellectual activities, which have begun with Abasgulu Bakikhanov, Mirza Fatali Akhundov, and Hasan Bey Zerdabi, based on the modernization. The intellectuals of new generation of the early 20th century placed the concepts such as national consciousness, country, citizenship, nation-state, and republic at the core of political opinion and it reflects the logical development in the way of institutionalization. The leaders of this generation were Ali Bey Hüseyinzade, Ahmet Bey Ağaoğlu, Mammad Amin Rasulzade, Ali Mardan Topchubashov, and Fatali Khan Khoyski integrating the idea of republicanism with the strong citizenship consciousness.

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