Deniz Mayınlarının Osmanlı Devletindeki Gelişimi ve 1915 Çanakkale Boğaz Savunmasındaki Rolü
The Development of Sea Mines in the Ottoman Empire and its Role at the Defense of Dardanelles in 1915

Summary/Abstract: The use of naval mines as an effective destructive and threatening element for ships had become widespread since the mid-19th century in naval warfare. Ottoman Empire had quickly included naval mines into her inventory in order to protect its vast territories’ coastlines, and involved in development efforts by taking place in supply, production and organization phases. The implementation of the naval mines had been the centers like İstanbul and Çanakkale straits, Thessalonica, Golos and Izmir. In the first quarter of 20th century, the uses of automatic naval mines had become widespread, which were controllable from the shores and deployed independently had been developed. Ottoman Empire had used the automatic naval mines initially during the Ottoman-Italian War of 1911-1912. Mining efforts in pre-1915 allowed to gain experience in waters with currents. Along with stationary mine lines, floating mine types had been used also and became an element that British fleet abstained the most. The basic factor of United fleet’s defeat on March 18, 1915 was the coastal guns and naval mines supported by projectors. In this article, the use of naval mines by Ottoman Empire within its historical evolution was emphasized which was the main element of Ottoman victory at the Çanakkale Strait on March 18, 1915.

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