PHYTOCHEMICAL RESEARCH OF THE GENUS „GEUM L.“
PHYTOCHEMICAL RESEARCH OF THE GENUS „GEUM L.“

Summary/Abstract: The task of modern phytotherapy is to find promising medicinal plants in order to create new herbal medicines. Promising for this group are drugs based on plant material. Obviously, herbal medicinal products, to some extent, can be considered as an alternative to antibiotics, while some forms of bacterial infections caused by multiresistant strains of gram positive and gram negative bacteria resistant to other classes of antimicrobial agents and chemicals used to treat a variety of dosage forms. Among the biologically active substances /BAS/ that accumulate in plants and show pharmacological activity, tannins occupy an important place. Perspective to produce phytopreparations are species of the genus Geum L., the family Rosaceae L. There are 8 species naturally distributed in Bulgaria, 2 of which are protected by the Biodiversity Act. The most perspective are Geum urbanum L., Geum rivale L., Geum rhodopaeum. and also, a related species – Geum montanum L., which sprout in the southwestern region of Bulgaria. Phytochemical studies of water, alcohol and water extracts of acidified earth hydrochloric acid (leaves) and underground (rhizomes with roots) of Geum urbanum and Geum montanum for the presence of basic groups of biologically active substances have been found to contain a significant amount of tannins (hydrolyzed and condensed), insignificant The number of anthocyanins, flavonoids and coumarins in the studied vegetative organs. The phytochemical study of water extracts of the above ground and underground organs and ethanol extracts of underground bodies of Geum urbanum and Geum montanum has established the content of polyphenolic compounds: oxidized phenols and flavonoids. In extracts of the above ground organs of Geum montanum the rock content sum of oxidized phenols is 1.2 times higher than that of Geum urbanum. In extracts of underground organs of Geum montanum the content of sum of oxidized phenols is 1.3 times higher than that of Geum urbanum. In extracts of the above ground organs of Geum montanum, the mountain content of flavonoids is 1.2 times higher than that of Geum urbanum. Medicinal plant raw materials – above ground organs and underground organs Geum urbanum and Geum montanum are promising for further research of pharmacological activity and the creation on its basis of new medicinal herbal remedies. The obtained results by chromatography in a thin layer of sorbent indicate the presence of mountain flavonoids, in particular routine and quercetin, in the above ground organs (sheet) of Geum urbanum and Geum montanum.

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