PROGRAMAVIMO MOKYMASIS: LYGINAMOJI KALBOS IR APLINKOS ANALIZĖ
LEARNING PROGRAMMING: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LANGUAGES AND ENVIRONMENTS

Summary/Abstract: Developing the abilities to master modern technolo¬gies and skills for solving problems is among the most important capabilities of an educated future citizen of any society. Problem solving based on the learning of programming is a very important part in understanding the information technologies. The question which language (together with en¬vironment) should be used in introductory program¬ming has been discussed for many years. Several studies on the benefits of a certain language or com¬parisons between two languages have been conduct¬ed, but there is still a lack of systematic overviews of teaching and learning programming. The paper discusses the features of program¬ming teaching, the most important research trends in programming education over the world, identifies the problems and their solutions. Based on literature review and multiyear experience in the Young Pro¬grammers’ School, the paper deals with programming teaching difficulties, especially with the selection of programming languages, learning and teaching meth¬ods, developing students’ skills and attitudes, psycho¬logical motivation. Investigations show that the first language syntax has a significant impact on the fur¬ther learning and develops a certain mindset. The paper discusses a list of criteria based on an analyzis of research works all over the world. The criteria are used to compare some programming lan¬guages used at introductory programming courses. It focuses on the programming language suitable to start learning programming. Based on fundamental research works in thes area, the related criteria are organized, the key ideas are identified and summa¬rized. The commonly accepted cognitive skills, Bloom’s taxonomy as well as the SOLO taxonomy and their application in teaching programming are discussed.

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