УКРАЇНСЬКЕ НАРОДНЕ ЖИТЛО В КОНТЕКСТІ ПРОБЛЕМИ СИНТЕЗУ МИСТЕЦТВ
UKRAINIAN NATIONAL HOUSING IN THE CONTEXT OF PROBLEMS OF THE ARTS SYNTHESIS

Summary/Abstract: The purpose of the article is a systematic analysis of people's housing as a holistic model, which combines the three most important factors - design, shape, and decoration. As well as to find out the most critical regional characteristics of such models. The methodology of the study is based on the combination of cross-cultural, typological, art-study approaches, and semiotic analysis. Scientific Novelty is to track the main trends and trends of regional change patterns of housing. Conclusions. As a result of the study, it was discovered that the main factors of the style of the traditional house of Ukrainians are smart possession of a variety of techniques of materials processing, a saturation of the facade and interior by decorations, and artistic products — harmony of design, shape, and decoration. Each of the five regions described in the article had its image of housing, which varied from north to south on Ukrainian terrains. The monochrome interior and exterior characterize the northern (Polissian and Podlaski) types. The invoice of the facade was formed here by a log cabin of timber. The interior walls were washed or plastered by yellow clay. Western (Carpathian) type was characterized by the monochrome of the interior, enlivened by decorative accents (carved or burnt sarcophagus chests, tiled stoves, decorative fabric on a pole, and images). The central (forest-steppe) type had local features on the right bank and the left bank and represented a generalized ethnic type of housing for Ukrainians. The southern (steppe) type was characterized by a particular system of paintings and complicated housing plans. People's homes have existed for centuries as an efficient ecological system that was organically inscribed in the surrounding landscape, underlining, and developing it.

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