Стильові особливості ранніх симфоній Й. Гайдна
Style Features of the Early Symphonies by J. Haydn

Summary/Abstract: The purpose of the article is to analyze and to define the role of the early Haydn’s sheet music as an essential component of his whole artwork in the social-cultural context during the period of the early-classical orchestra. The methodology of the research is defined by the very own nature of the researched problem. The historical-stylistic and functional methods are applied in this research, which keeps the tradition of the domestic musical theoretical school and the methodology of the research on the orchestra phenomenons going. Such an approach has emerged in the Ukrainian higher music education system, which combines both theoretical and historical approaches to the study of the subject. The specific nature of the topic demands to go beyond Art History to the field of interdisciplinary studies - Philosophy and Cultural Studies. The scientific novelty of the research is defined by its material and the perspective of looking at this issue. This scientific work focuses on the exploration of the Haydn’s early orchestra style. The early orchestra’s problematic has been analyzed in this research, and the early orchestra of this outstanding composer is considered as the particular case of the general phenomenon. There is also a comparison of early Haydn’s orchestral techniques with baroque and mature orchestration in which the phenomenon of the early classical orchestra is presented in the context of the orchestra art’s evolution. Conclusions. The early orchestra sheet music of Haydn concerned to baroque at the same time also demonstrates the new features – abandonment of the continuo in symphonies, increasing role of woodwinds, ingenuity in the creation of orchestra facture and its individualization which characterizes the composer’s stylistics as a manifestation of the new era of classical style. The orchestration of early Haydn’s is concerned with idioms of gallant early classical style, and it’s characterized by timber textured “toposes” of its time. Despite the fact that the orchestra at his disposal was pretty modest back in those times, Haydn made the most of the tone palette he had had then to enhance details of the composition in the field of its facture, harmony, and form. The peculiarity of Haydn’s early orchestra style lies in the appeal to well-known tricks along with freedom in selecting approaches to create new sheet music, and this gives his music an individual sounding famous to all humanity.

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