Wpływ krajowych i zagranicznych efektów grawitacyjnych na zróżnicowanie rozwoju ekonomicznego Polski
The impact of domestic and foreign gravity effects on the diversity of economic development of Poland

Summary/Abstract: The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of gravity effects on the diversity of economic development of Poland in the years 2002—2013. This article describes spatial differences in economic development of voivodships with the taxonomic analysis method based on the distance in Euclidean space. For the creation of a synthetic measure of economic development the following macroeconomic variables were used as diagnostic variables: gross value of fixed assets per capita, GDP per capita, investments per capita, average wages and salaries, unemployment rate and the number of entities in the REGON register per 1000 inhabitants. Moreover, it presents computation and description of combined domestic as well as foreign and total gravity effects in the voivodships. The article is based on the assumption that the individual gravity effects between two regions (by analogy with Newton’s law of gravity) are directly proportional to the product of the gross value of fixed assets per capita in these regions and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the capitals of these regions. The article also states that the combined gravity effect in the particular voivodeship is a geometric mean of the individual gravity effects. A summary of considerations is presented in a form of a statistical analysis that assesses the impact of gravity effects on the spatial differences in economic development of Poland. In the research data from the Local Data Bank were used.

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