НАУКОВА СПАДЩИНА МИКОЛИ КОСТОМАРОВА В ЕВОЛЮЦІЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ КОМПАРАТИВІСТИКИ
THE SCIENTIFIC HERITAGE OF NIKOLAI KOSTOMAROV IN THE EVOLUTION OF UKRAINIAN COMPARATIVISM

Summary/Abstract: The article analyzes the legacy of M. Kostomarov, which is also important for comparative studies, which initially had an interdisciplinary character. It is emphasized that the scholar continued the traditions of M. Zertelev, M. Maximovich, O. Bodianskiy, who began to study the poetry of the Ukrainian people, its history and language, comparing the spiritual foundations of its people with the neighboring ones. The comparative method in the research of Ukrainian scholars developed in close connection with such categories of romanticism as «nationality», «identity», «historicism», «the spirit of the nation», «the soul of the people», which was reflected in the national character. In his works, Ukraine is clearly emerging as a spiritually throwing phenomenon in unity with the people and its culture. An innovative was the desire to comprehend moral and ethical, spiritual, aesthetic and psychological dimensions of peoples on the basis of comparison of folk poetry, to oppose His and the Other. It is proved that in the process of comparison M. Kostomarov tried to identify a nationally original, dominant for each people in the system of historically predetermined views, beliefs, ideals, worldview, life and customs. The ideas of M. Kostomarov influenced the formation of comparative literary studies in Ukraine, they were extended by other researchers.

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