BATLAMYUS’UN ASTRONOMİ ANLAYIŞINA İSLAM DÜNYASINDAN VE SELÇUKLULARDAN ELEŞTİRİLER VE DÜZELTMELER
CORRECTIONS AND CRITICISES FROM SELJUKS AND ISLAMIC WORLD PTOLEMY'S ASTRONOMY UNDERSTANDING

Summary/Abstract: In ancient times, many scientists who raised ideas about astronomy in eastern and western societies were raised. The ideas of Ptolemy, one of these scientists, have been discussed for centuries by being close to the truth. Ptolemy's concept of astronomy based on mathematical elements was put forward in his Almagest. However, this understanding of astronomy had some shortcomings and flaws. Naturally, as time and science progress, these deficiencies and imperfections will be tried to be criticized and corrected. In the medieval Islamic world, Ptolemy's understanding of astronomy was adopted in accordance with centuries of tradition. However, in the Middle Ages, where the Islamic Renaissance took place, the deficiencies in this understanding and the reactions to the flaws were not delayed. These reactions began to manifest itself in succession in Andalusia, Egypt, Iraq, Iran and Anatolia. Deficiencies and flaws in Ptolemy's understanding of astronomy were first noticed by Ibn al- Haytham. Later, these deficiencies and flaws were expressed by the Abbasid scholars in Iraq and the Ilkhanid ulema in Meragah, and alternative astronomy and planetary models were proposed for the elimination of these defects. Undoubtedly, Ibn al-Haytham, Nasîrüddîn Tûsî, Kutbettîn Şirâzî, Mû’eyyededdîn ‘Urdî and İbnü’l Şatîr passed great efforts on this subject and the road to the Copernicus was opened.

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