PARTIKULE إِذْ I إِذَا I NJIHOVA ULOGA U LINGVISTICI I U (KON)TEKSTU
PARTICULARS OF إِذْ AND إِذَا AND THEIR ROLE IN LINGUISTICS AND IN (CON)TEXT

Summary/Abstract: The paper evaluates the particles إِذْ and إِذَا and their use as conjunctions of temporal and contractual, but also contractually-related and causal sentences. However, according to their syntactic function, Arabic grammarians most often consider them adverbs. They also occur in the noun and verb sentence, and they come with almost all types of verbs: perfect, present, imperfect, future, and they can come with some types of names. First, examples of the use of these particulars in dependent sentences are given: temporal, contractual, casual, and contractually-related. Then the particulars are presented separately, and finally, with some other particulars with which they form a semantic whole. The most frequent meanings of these particles are: temporal and contractual, but also cause and effect. The action of the sentence in which they are used is conditioned by something, and in order for it to be realized, in order for its result / consequence to occur, there must be a time at which the action is placed. Examples from the literary and sacred texts indicate the extent to which context influences their meaning, but also the reader’s attitude to the work, whether subjective or objective.

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