BALTIMAADE GÜMNAASIUMIDEJA KREISKOOLIDE ÜLEMÕPETAJATEHARIDUSLIK TAUST (1804–1820)
The Educational Background of Senior Masters at Gymnasiums and County Preparatory Schools in the Baltic Countries1804–1820

Summary/Abstract: 1804 was the year of an all-Russian reform of the school system. It was also a favourable time to recruit teachers for schools subordinated to the newly founded School Committee of Tartu. On the one hand, the late 18th century had brought a neo-humanist spirit to Göttingen and Halle. On the other hand, there was an over-production of teachers in Sachsen and around Hannover, which caused poorer graduates to look for teaching jobs in farther regions, including the Baltic provinces of Russia. Most of the senior masters employed here came from the University of Jena. Having attended lectures by K. L. Reinhold, who was the best populariser of German classical philosophy of the time, they could well become disseminators of some of the ideas. Another important centre was Göttingen, exposing its students to Chr. G. Heyne as one of the leading figures of German Neo-Humanism. In the provinces of Livonia and Courland a considerable number of senior masters had graduated from Leipzig and Königsberg Universities, respectively.

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