Apariția ordinelor monastice catolice în regatul Ungariei și în Transilvania în secolele XI–XII
The Emergence of Monastic Catholic Religious Orders in the Hungarian Realm and Transylvania in the 11th – 12th Centuries

Summary/Abstract: The development of Catholic monasticism in Western Europe has long been a favored theme for historians all the way from England, France and Germany and, more recently, to Poland, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Croatia or Hungary. Thus, our study is concerned with the emergence and spread of monastic orders within the Hungarian realm. Caught between two great powers, the German empire and the Byzantine one, Hungary fought to survive and has accepted western Christianity by the 11th century, opening its doors to all its institutional forms. Meanwhile, the great monastic orders were on the path of their own being, the Benedictine one was already on the verge of being reformed, the Premonstratensian and Cistercian ones found their leaders to shed light on their modus vivendi and Eastern Europe meant a whole new ground to put roots down, available for preaching, for converting heretics, for establishing new monastic communities enjo¬ying royal and aristocratic support, all while enjoying great privileges and receiving landed estates.

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