Realizm w lingwistyce i filozofii języka. Étienne Gilson i Mieczysław A. Krąpiec OP
The Realism in Linguistics and Philosophy of Language. Étienne Gilson and Mieczysław A. Krąpiec OP

Summary/Abstract: In the theoretical reflection on language, one can notice conceptual and methodological chaos. Linguistics becomes a conglomerate of specialities which are isolated themselves from each other. Linguistics has no a generalizing basis that the right philosophy of language could give. The problem, however, is that linguistics regarded as modern is based on post-Cartesian philosophy. In this philosophy not the reality but the human thought becomes the subject of its reflection. In this way the thought and then consistently the language were cut off from the real world. In that case, linguistics is situated between idealism to linguistic relativism. The article is an attempt to show that one can describe language from the perspective of philosophical realism. We take here the works of two of the greatest contemporary realist philosophers: Etienne Gilson and Mieczysław A. Krąpiec. They teach us that correct description of language consists that one has to return to reality. It is necessary to analyze three separate, although interdependent spheres – the language itself – the thought which is preceding the language and the real world which is preceding the thought and language and which is signified by them.

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