Osnovne karakteristike političkog razvoja Finske 1809-1917.
The Basic Characteristics of the Political Development of Finland 1809-1917

Summary/Abstract: In the period from 1809 to 1917, in which Finland as part of imperial Russia had the status of an "autonomous Great Dukedom", the strategic interests and safety policy of Russia, as well as Russia’s position in international crises, influenced the destiny of Finland, its position and its special status within the frame of the Russian empire. Three phases of Finno-Russian relationships can be observed in the period 1809— 1917. The first phase (1809— 1860) is characterized by loyalty towards Imperial Russia, us well us by the Russian opposition against the growth of national tendencies and the crushing of the national movement in Finland The regime of Alexander II characterizes the second phase (1855 to 1881) of the Finno-Russian relationships. This period is marked by a certain liberalization and progress in all areas, especially in that of the economic and political rule over Finland. Alexander II consented to a revival of constitutional government. Towards the end of the 19th century the third phase has its beginning; all aspects of Finnish autonomy are reduced. The imperial government is undertaking measures towards a Russification of Finland. The revolution in Russia and the overthrow of the tzarist regime in 1917 opened the perspective towards the inevitable implementation of a full national independence for Finland. The proclaiming of the independence of Finland and its de jure recognition by the new Soviet government took place towards the end of December 1917.

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