Побуне и покрети против реформи у Скопском пашалуку деценијама XIX века (до 1844. Године)
Mutinies and Movements of Reform Opponents within Skopje Eyalet in the first Half of XIX Century

Summary/Abstract: The strength of Ottoman Empire was weakening in the first decades of the nineteenth century in the Balkans. Except for territorial losses that occurred as result of Serbian and Greek uprisings, Ottoman state was influenced as well by the mutinies of local feudal masters which were causing a lot of trouble to central authorities. Political power weakening within the Ottoman Empire was eating out the Ottoman Empire traditional structure. Weakness and inability of state authorities was reflected in all the instances of state authorities within the Ottoman Empire. Owing to that, the idea on preserving and reviving military and economic strength of the Empire became the main striving of political cream in the Ottoman Empire. Gulhane Hatisheriff presented the first act drawn up by the authorities that was declaring equality and legality for all Turkish subjects regardless of their confession on the model of Western-European liberal ideas. Gulhane Hatisheriff envisaged state centralization and power strengthening, combat against corruption, fiscal system reorganization, Europeanisation of judiciary and education as well as compulsory military service. Promulgation of Gulhane Hatisheriff provoked serious bitterness of Muslims throughout the Ottoman Empire, primarily in border eyalets closer to Serbia, Montenegro and Austria. Anti-reform propaganda was present in all layers of Muslim society, who were blaming primarily Christians for newly established situation because of which, as they spoke, reforms had been undertaken in the first place. As a general consequence of the above-mentioned, grave persecutions and pressures on Christian citizens ensued. Instead of developing and progressive era within the Ottoman Empire, 1839 presented the year when mutinies, uprisings and anarchy commenced. This was particularly manifested in the territory of Skopje eyalet that became the ring of fierce conflicts between anti-reform forces and central powers.

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