One Empire and Two Ways of Public Administration: The Second Level Administrative Division in Austria-Hungary
One Empire and Two Ways of Public Administration: The Second Level Administrative Division in Austria-Hungary

Summary/Abstract: After the fall of the Hungarian Independence War, the Habsburg monarch desired to form an empire with unified jurisdiction and public administration organization. He realized this intention during the neo-absolutism in 1853, but the administration was restored prior to 1848 according to October Diploma in the Kingdom of Hungary, in 1861.After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise, both parts of realunion strove to modernize the state organization, thus the jurisdiction and the public administration were separated. The Act XLII of 1870 established the local executive organs in Hungary, on the basis of feudal tradition, so the counties (megyék) and the districts (járások) remained as part of public administration. Pursuant to Act 44 of 1868 (19th May 1868), the mixed district office of neo-absolutism (gemischtes Bezirksamt) was replaced by district authority (Bezirkshauptmannschaft). In my paper, I compare the public administration of these two states and these two district levels in detail in Cisleithania and Transleithania.

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